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Cycling Facilities in Europe Signs of Acceptance by Low Cost
Prepared by Difu, presented by Jörg Thiemann-Linden
Pardubice, 22nd February 2012
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Content
1. Cycling facilities types, outside settled area, maintenance
2. Bicycle Parking in city center, in dense housing
3. Traffic calming the safety issue, speed limits, mixing the modes
4. OutlookMeasuring cycling, sources
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Introduction: User‘s Perspective
• Other people cycling• Quick and simple from A to B• Feeling safe – a condition for
experiencing the bike in daily life (after having had good experiences from leisure use)
• Cycling is fun!• Visible signs of social and political
acceptance of cycling• Quality Infrastructure
= keeping the potential •
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Cycling Facilities
1. Balanced public space2. Basic Types (sorted from
mixing to separation)- cycle street - “advisory safety lane”- cycle lane - cycle path
3. New elements4. Maintenance 5. Outside settled area
Hannover: Former mandatory cycle path; new cycle lane
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New generation of guidelinesFrom FGSV e.V. – German Transport and Road Research Association
Bases for ERA: 2010: RASt 06 Street design guidelines:„… to design the street from the sides, not from the middle“
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Ascain possible street cross section
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Advisory Cycle Cycle„safety lane path lane“
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Choice of the adequate type of cycling facility
Criteria for pre-selection(to be confirmed in detailconstruction plan)
• Motorized vehicle frequency per day
• Car speed (V85)
I – entire mixed II mixed with assistanceIII potential separationIV separation
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Cycle lanes• Visibility! • Quick and easy travel, cheaper than to build cycle paths• Adequate space at intersections• Self-explanatory design• Enforcement on parking!
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• Separation because of driven speed(but long time effort to create a network – priorities?)
• Bicycle lanes outside ?(not in Germany, but CH, NL, BE, FR)
• Speed limit at 60-70 km/h in minor roads without cycling facilities?
• Focus on entries to villages
Outside settled area
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22nd February 2012
Road separator - for crossing and turning
• Crossing in two phases• Substitute for traffic light • Necessary at the end of
a two way cyclepath
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22nd February 2012
Visible sign of acceptance
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e.g. bike box, indirect turning(coloured lane in general)
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In future capacity oriented planning?
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Dutch „new tradition“of cycle streets and cycle highways
Reasons for national Cycle Highway programm: -increase commuter distances cycling-Improve health effect -reduce work load of public transport during peak hour-avoid congestion on motorways
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Bridges, worth kilometers of cycle paths
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Tunnels, worth kilometers of cycle paths
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Leisure route for inliners and cyclists (Flämingskate, signed cycle street)
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Greenways on former rail tracks
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Copenhagen „Green Wave“, cycle highways
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No passing cyclist in small roundabout (but plenty of mistakes in detailled design!)
Gdansk bicycle roundabout
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Requirements on Bicycle Parking
• Stability: for locking the bicycle, no front wheel clip• Right location close
to shops• Dry under roof (if
parking for longer time)• Theft-proof: bright at
dark in public area(guarded parking)
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Neighbourhood Bicycle Garages Utrecht, Rotterdam (NL), Antwerp (BE)
• Network of community garages (boxes, new shelters, former shops• Organisation by municipal garage company of civil society bureau. • Utrecht / Antwerpen: funding from municipal car garages‘ assets
(due to public interest to memove any barriers from cycle use)
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Copenhagen: capital of „bakery bikes“
Each fourth familiy with children in central Copenhagen posseses one
1 box for 4 tricycles on 1 car parking lot
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22nd February 2012
Pedelec parking at work location solar filling station
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Parking capacity problems (Münster, DE); Red carpet – for pedestrians (Groningen, NL)
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City center bicycle parkingmostly for free; Apeldoorn, Den Haag (NL), Münster (DE)
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New station Alphen a.d.Rijn, NL (2010) 30,000 inhabitants, guarded parking + free parking in „bicycle apple“
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Houten, NL (2011); 50,000 inhabitants 3200 bicycles capacity in „station hall“
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Safety – a matter of cycling density
Exposure of the single cyclist
Source: ECF
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22nd February 2012
Thoughtfullness the rule, not exception
Speed limit
of 30 km/h.
Closer to cycling speed
The reasons(from info on new trafficlaw in France):
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22nd February 2012
Speed limit of 30 km/h !
Reasons:
Thoughtfullness the rule, not exception
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22nd February 2012
New street law in France
French Highway code since 2008
„Zone de rencontre“• Switzerland• Belgium• France
fomal status of street
maximum speed
balanced traffic / local function
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22nd February 2012
Hierarchy of streets:
Self-explaining roads30 km/h in most streets
(EP 2011: „the rule, not exception)
50/70 km/h in some streets(with cycling facilities)
some Ped. Zone and 20 km/h streets
Key for good cycling condition:
>> balanced spaces for the modes
>> low speed of motorized modes
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22nd February 2012
Shared Spaces squares Duisburg / Ulm / Lüneburg (DE), Haren (NL)
All driving at cyclist speed
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22nd February 2012
Mixing the modes in peaceful co-existance
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Respect! Pedestrians‘ Needs
Relaxed joint use :•Common “green paths” with pedestrians: sufficient space•Avoiding (mountain) bike routes on high level hiking paths•The cycling speed issue•Bicycle parkings and handicapped pedestrians
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Measuring Cycling
Simple methods: •Counting cyclists at central spots (bridges) year by year, or steadily for public awareness•Users satisfaction survey by interviews •„Point out“ problem spots on open map (wiki mapping?) •Hands-up in school classes before,after „cycling to school“ action
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Copenhagen bicycle balance - users‘ satisfaction
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Netherlands bicycle balance by test rides
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Utrecht compared to Groningen
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Bicycle portal www.nrvp.de
Public repository of pooled know-how with 5000 entries:
federal initiatives and funding measures,
(inter)national practical examples
news updates literature database list of events
Internal working platform for cooperation
Newsletter to 1500 recipients
English section www.nrvp.de/en CyE download section news updates international practice
examples
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For sharing experiences with CMBCycling Expertise“ files on www.nrvp.de
(print & download, slides series, newsletter)
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More Cycling Portals
• ELTIS.org• Fietsberaad.nl• www.kk.dk/cityofcyclists
(and Danish Cycling Embassy)• PRESTO.Project!• ECF.org
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Manual From PSWE, Pomerania (PL)
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Thank you
Difu
Jörg Thiemann-LindenTilman Bracher
Zimmerstrasse 13-1510969 Berlin
++49 30 39001-138
www.nrvp.de, [email protected]
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Sources and Links
National Cycling Plan 2002–2012 “Ride Your Bike”: www.nrvp.de (http://edoc.difu.de/edoc.php?id=YFGDITZ2) Second German federal government cycling report on the state of cycling in the Federal Republic of Germany, 2007: www.bmvbs.de/Anlage/original_1018367/Zweiter-Fahrradbericht-der-Bundesregierung-barrierefrei.pdf (in German) Funding guidelines, application forms, bulletins: www.nrvp.de/foerderung-bund/foerderung-nrvp/antragstellung.phtml (in German)Measures supported within the context of the National Cycling Plan: www.nrvp.de/foerderung-bund/foerderung-nrvp/massnahmen.phtml (in German)
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Sources and Links
Second German federal government cycling report on the state of cycling in the Federal Republic of Germany, 2007: www.bmvbs.de/Anlage/original_1018367/Zweiter-Fahrradbericht-der-Bundesregierung-barrierefrei.pdf (in German)www.nrvp.de/foerderung-bund/foerderung-nrvp/massnahmen.phtml (in German)Mecklenburg-West Pomerania www.mv-bike.net North-Rhine Westphalia www.fahrradfreundlich.nrw.de Route planner www.radroutenplaner.nrw.de/RRP_home_02_en.html (in English) NRW Cycling Network www.radverkehrsnetz.nrw.de/downloads/Rad_info_english.pdf (in English) Baden-Württemberg www.fahrradland-bw.de