Download - CRITICAL COMMUNICATION TO OVERCOME DISASTER
GSC-18 Meeting, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis, France
Document No:
GSC(14)18_009r1
Source: ARIB
Contact: Tadaaki YOKOO
Agenda Item:
7.5
CRITICAL CRITICAL COMMUNICATIONCOMMUNICATION TO OVERCOME DISASTERTO OVERCOME DISASTER- Through the Experience of Great East Japan Earthquake -
Tadaaki YOKOO Executive Director, ARIB
JAPAN
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TOUCH ORIENTAL CULTURE
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ENJOY TASTEFUL FOOD
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SUFFER NATURAL DISASTER
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Typhoon
Earthquake
Eruption
BEFORE11 MARCH 2011
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Earthquake : Most Severe Disaster
Principal Volcanoes in the World
Source : Prepared by the Japan Meteorological Agency based on data from the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
Japan212 (20.5 %)
Source : Cabinet Office on the basis of data from the Japan Meteorological Agency and USGS
Number of earthquakes with magnitude of 6.0 or greater (2000-2009)
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Data Gathering Analysis / Decision
(Earthquake Phenomena Observation System)
Japan Meteorological Agency
Local Government
Fire Department
Information to Citizen
Broadcaster
Telecomm Operator
Local Government
4200 sites around Japan
Earthquake Management
seismometer
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Launched by the Japan Meteorological Agency(JMA) on October 1st, 2007
This time lag provides valuable seconds for self-protection and evacuation.
e.g.) Seismometer at your city is 56km away P arrives after 8 sec S arrives after 14 sec
time
am
plit
ud
e
Primary waves (P-waves)
Secondary Waves (S-waves)
P S
seismometer output
More than 4,200 seismometers installed
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EEWEarthquake Early Warning
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Early Warning Message
No transmission to mobile devices where Earthquake warnings are not in effect.
Japan Meteorological Agency
CBS Warning Message
(in Japanese only )
Cell Broadcast Servers
Other Areas
AffectedArea
Detect Earthquake
Earthquake Warning
Earthquake Warning
Broadcasting Station
Earthquake Early Warning
Transmitter
EEW
By Mobile OperatorsMessages are transmitted to mobile devices via “Cell Broadcast Service”
By BroadcastersMessages are transmitted to TV sets via “Superimpose”
Telecomm Operator
(Earthquake Early Warning)
EarthquakeEarly Warnings
Earthquake Occurred off the coast of Chiba.
Please pay attention since strong
shaking may occur.
CBS
Transmission to mobiledevices where Earthquakewarnings are in effect.
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• EWBS singnals embedded in TV and radio broadcasts waves automatically swtch on TV and radio sets to inform people about impending disaster and enable them to prepare for emergencies.
• The EWBS has been in operation in Japan since 1985. The digital EWBS started in 2000 for satellite TV broadcasting (ISDB-S) and in 2003 for terrestrial TV broadcasting (ISDB-T).
Broadcasting Station
Transmitter Broadcasting Service Area
Automatic Automatic ActivationActivation
EWBSMeteorological
Agency
Alert
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EWBSEmergency Warning Broadcasting System
ON11 MARCH 2011
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The Great East Japan Earthquake
MIYAGI
TOKYO
132km
375km
14:46:18 (JST) , 11 March, 2011
- Magnitude 9.0- Maximum seismic intensity 7 - The 4th largest in the world since 1900
Huge Tsunami
- Over 10m high- Maximum run-up height of 40.5m
Source : http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/Shindomap_2011-03-11_Tohoku_earthquake.png
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Earthquake
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Attacked by Earthquake and Tsunami
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We learned : At attacked area
No access means (trains, roads, ports) No power supply continued No facility in use
Radio Tower
Transmission Station Mobile Phone Shop
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We learned : At metropolitan area No transportation available Get home on foot Hard to confirm family safety Mobile network : Overload Fixed network : Available public telephones only (very limited)
Station Road
Public Telephone
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Figure AMedia accessed by people in stricken areas straight after the Great East Japan Earthquake.
Figure B Reliable media for information concerning the Great East Japan Earthquake*Nomura Research Institute, News Release, 3 May 2011
*NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, The NHK Monthly Report on Broadcast Research September 2011
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We learned :The importance of broadcasting during a disaster
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We learned :The power of one-seg mobile TV
The ISDB-T one-segment service sends TV programs to mobile phones, car TVs. This can be an important safeguard for life and property in times of emergency even when no electricity is supplied.
Policemen saved 40 lives with one-seg mobile TV alarm!Two new policemen got a tsunami warning alarm from the passengers mobile phone with TV when checking if everyone is fine in the train. They quickly decided to lead the 40 passengers to the hill to avoid the disaster of tsunami. All passengers were safely evacuated from the tsunami area before the tsunami struck the train.
AFTER11 MARCH 2011
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NHK TOKYO
1st Key Backup Station
2nd Key Backup Station
Broadcasting Satellite
Communication Satellite
Backup Function to Continue Broadcasting
NHK OSAKA
NHK FUKUOKA
Main Transmission Site in Tokyo
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B-up HQS HQS
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Full Preparation for Disaster Broadcasting
Satellite OB Van Power Generator at Transmission Site
Helicopter
Portable SNG Equipment Remote Controlled CameraVehicle for Emergency TransmissionGSC-18, 22-23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis
Construction of Large-Zone Mobile Base Stations
outage
Wireless transmission
Physicaldamage
Wirelinetransmission
Wireline
transmission
Circuitdisruption
Populated areas
outage
outage
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outage
outage
Substitute for regular base stations with outage due to disaster 7 km radius to cover density populated areas Total 104 stations to cover 35% population
Mobile Base Station
Emergency Power Supply
Battery
EngineEngine Battery unitBattery unit BatteryBattery
Wireless transmission
Prefectural and municipalgovernment offices, etc.
Engine
Prefectural and municipalgovernment offices, etc.
Wireless transmission
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Engine 24-hour Battery
Emergency Power Supply has been additionally installed to secure mobile communication-Engine to 720 stations-24-hour Battery to 1,000 stations
Disaster Voice Messaging Service
• Disaster Voice Messaging Service (starting March 1, 2012) enables people to send messages as data files, free of charge, when voice calls become restricted due to a disaster
Voice communicationnetwork
convergenceconvergence
(1) Attempted voice call(1) Attempted voice call
Calling restrictions due to network
congestion
Packet communicationnetwork
Caller Receiver
(3) Send message as data file
Voicedata file
(2) Select voice message service and record message
(2) Select voice message service and record message
Play back caller’svoice message
Play back caller’svoice message
(4) Notification, after message is played
I’m safe, taking shelter at an elementary school nearby.
I’m safe, taking shelter at an elementary school nearby.
I’m safe, taking shelter at an elementary school nearby.
I’m safe, taking shelter at an elementary school nearby.
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Temporarily set up a free public telephone at 1200 Seven Eleven convenience stores in Tokyo metropolitan area when disaster occurs
Free Public Telephone at Convenience store
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Are we fully prepared ?If same disaster occurs again ・・・
① You are in a office at Tokyo, and want to talk to your family to see if they are safe with your mobile phone.
② You are in a rescue team from overseas, and want to share information with local rescue authorities with your radio system.
③ You are a traveler to Japan, and want to watch TV news with your mobile phone.
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Thank You !!