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Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.
CHAPTER 6Gene Expression:
Translation
Peter J. Russell
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Translation and the genetic code
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Peter J. Russell, iGenetics: Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.
Fig. 6.17 Diagram of a polysome, a number of ribosomes each translating the same
mRNA sequentially
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Peter J. Russell, iGenetics: Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.
Fig. 6.3 Mechanism for peptide bond formation between the carboxyl group of one
amino acid and the amino group of another amino acid
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Peter J. Russell, iGenetics: Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.
Fig. 6.4 Four levels of protein structure
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Peter J. Russell, iGenetics: Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.
Fig. 6.6 Reversion of a deletion frameshift mutation by a nearby addition mutation
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Fig. 6.7 Hypothetical example showing how three nearby + (addition) mutations
restore the reading frame, giving normal or near-normal function
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Peter J. Russell, iGenetics: Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.
Fig. 6.8 The genetic code
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Peter J. Russell, iGenetics: Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.
Fig. 6.9 Example of base-pairing wobble
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Peter J. Russell, iGenetics: Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.
Fig. 6.11 Molecular details of the attachment of an amino acid to a tRNA molecule
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Fig. 6.10 Charging of a tRNA molecule by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase to produce an
aminoacyl-tRNA (charged tRNA)
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Fig. 6.12 Initiation of protein synthesis in prokaryotes
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Peter J. Russell, iGenetics: Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.
Fig. 6.14 Sequences involved in the binding of ribosomes to the mRNA in the
initiation of protein synthesis in prokaryotes
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Fig. 6.16 The formation of a peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a
polypeptide chain is catalyzed on the ribosome by peptidyl transferase
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Fig. 6.15 Elongation stage of translation in prokaryotes
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Fig. 6.18 Termination of translation
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Fig. 6.19 Movement of secretory proteins through the cell membrane system
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Fig. 6.20 Model for the translocation of proteins into the endoplasmic reticulum in
eukaryotes
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