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Shifting practice, changing cultures
Gráinne Conole, Open University, UKEnhancement Academy, Progress Meeting
17th-18th May, Northumbria University
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The changing context of education
Need new approaches to the design and
delivery of courses
Changing technologiesAbundance of free online content and
toolsUbiquitous, networked access
Increase in mobile and smart devices
Changing learnersGrown up ‘digital’, technologically
immersedTask-orientated, group-based, ‘just in
time’Comfortable with multiple
representations
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Web 2.0 landscape of practices
Conole, G. and Alevizou, P. (2010), Review of Web 2.0 in HE
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From Web 1.0 to Web 2.0
Sharing
Communicating
Networking
Interacting
Media sharing
Blogs & wikis
Social networking
Virtual worlds
Web 2.0
New tools… new practices
Shift from:Web 1.0 – content repository and static
informationWeb 2.0 – user generated content and social
mediation
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A typology of Web 2.0 technologies
Technology Examples
Media sharing Flckr, YouTube, Slideshare, Sketchfu
Media manipulation and mash ups
Geotagged photos on maps, Voicethread
Instant messaging, chat, web 2.0 forums
MSN, Paltalk, Arguementum
Online games and virtual worlds WorldofWarcraft, SecondLife
Social networking Facebook, Myspace, Linkedin, Elgg, Ning
Blogging Wordpress, Edublog, Twitter
Social bookmarking Del.icio.us, Citeulike, Zotero
Recommender systems Digg, LastFm, Stumbleupon
Wikis and collaborative editing tools
Wikipedia, GoogleDocs, Bubbl.us
Syndication/RSS feeds Bloglines, Podcast, GoogleReader
(Conole and Alevizou, 2010), Review of Web 2.0 tools in Higher Educationhttp://cloudworks.ac.uk/cloudscape/view/1895
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Examples of use
Posting queriesCommentingBackchannel
CrowdsourcingGathering opinionsSharing
events/ideasBrainstorming
Social presence
IssuesYour ‘a-ha’ moment
The right networkYour digital voiceInappropriateness Personal/private
Too much!Use with other
toolsA passing fad?
A Tweet is simply 140 characters…
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Examples of use
Archeological digCyber-law
Virtual exhibitionsLanguage schools
Medical wardsGifted kids workshops
De-schooling spaces
Virtual conferences
IssuesTechnical barriers
CulturalTime
Aimless/emptyReplicating real-
lifeIdentityMisuse
Commercial use
I haven’t got enough time in my first life!
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Web pages
Social bookmarking
File sharing sites
Mash ups
Google wave
Blogs
Wikis
Virtual worldsOnline games
Social networking sites
Forums
Instant messaging
Audio conferencing
Video conferencing
Communication
Interactivity
Redefining ICT…
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Mapping to pedagogy
Personalised learning
Situated, experiential,
problem-based learning, role play
Inquiry or resource-based
learning
Reflective and dialogic learning
Use of RSS feeds and mash ups
Location aware devices, Virtual worlds, online
games
Google, media sharing
repositories, user-generated content
Blogs and e-portfolios, wikis, social networks
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The gap between promise and reality
Little impact on the mainstream
Limited use of free resources
Replication of ‘traditional’ teaching
Scratching the surface of the potential
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A complex set of reasons
Digital literacy skills The importance of context
Institutional barriers Digital identity
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Policy
Research &development
Teacher practice
The learner’s experience
A framework for interventionInstitutional & national fundingEmbedding in strategyAligning to technology trendsHEA, JISC, OU Learning & Teaching strategy
Current trendsDrivers and challengesTheoretical perspectivesLearning Design research
Actual use in practiceWhat’s in it for me?Academic support
Evidence of impactIntegration into teaching
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New approaches to design
Design
tools
Conceptualtools
Visualisationtools
Collaborationtools
Course viewsCourse mapPedagogy profileCourse dimensionLearning outcomesTask swimlaneFinance Course Performance
Sharing & discussionFace-to-face events (e.g. Design Challenge, ‘LD-lite’ workshops), Cloudworks (a social networking toolfor learning and teaching), Online (masters-level LD Course, LD toolbox)
VisualisationCompendiumLD: Tool for visualising and sharing designs, online widgets, paper and pen’ templates
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Conceptual tools
Macro-level
Meso-level
Micro-level
Pedagogy profile
Course map
Course dimensions
Learning outcomes
Task swimlaneTask swimlane
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Guidance & SupportCourse structure and
timetablee.g. course calendar, study
guide, tutorials
Reflection & DemonstrationInternalization and
reflection, e.g. in-text questions, blogs, e-portfolios
Diagnostic, formative or summative assessment
Content & ActivitiesCourse materials, prior
experience, learner-generated content, e.g.
readings, DVDs, podcasts, labs
Communication & Collaboration
Dialogic aspect of the course, interaction between
learners &tutors - course forum, email, etc.
Course summaryLevel, credits, duration, key features
Key worksDescription words indicating pedagogical
approach, special features
Course map
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Pedagogy profile Map of student tasks
to time periods (weeks, semesters, etc)
Six types of student tasks + assessment: Assimilative Information handling Communication Productive Experiential Adaptive Assessment
Each cell indicates the amount of time spent on each type of task
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Course dimensions Dimensions for each
of 4 categories in course view Guidance & support Content & activities Communication &
collaboration Reflection &
demonstration Consider extent (1 –
100) each is present
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+Learning outcomes
Mapping learning outcomes to: Activities Assessment
Benefits Shows map and gaps Ensures constructive
alignment (Biggs)
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Task swimlane
Based on: Roles – student, tutor, etc. Tasks – read, discuss, etc. Tools and resources Outputs
Advantages Makes design explicit Maps out design Sharable with others Good at activity level
Tool: CompendiumLD
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Cost effectiveness and course performance views
Cost effectiveness view is derived from finance data and compares production/presentation costs against income generation
Course performance view is derived from student satisfaction, course retention and progression data and gives an indication of how well the course is perceived overall
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Cloudworks: sharing teaching practice
A space for sharing and discussing learning and teaching ideas
Aims to bridge the gap between technologies and use
Teachers say they want examples and want to talk with others
Development of digital literacies through immersion in the technologies
Application of the best of web 2.0 practice to a teaching context
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Homepage
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Key concepts
Clouds: core objects in Cloudworks
Cloudscapes: collections of clouds
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Clouds
Clouds: IdeasDesign or case studiesTools or resourcesQuestions or problems
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Cloudscapes
Cloudscapes:ConferencesWorkshopsCourse teamStudent cohortResearch themeProjectOpen Reviews
A space to:- discuss- add- follow- collate - archive - share- expertise- experiences
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Events and deadlines
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Favourites and reputation
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Flash Debate: Is twitter killing blogging?
49 comments1027 views summaries & additional content19 links 6 references
Matt has set up a quick survey to ask people how using twitter has impacted on how much they blog or not.
Matt has set up a quick survey to ask people how using twitter has impacted on how much they blog or not.
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Recent activities
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An evolving use-taxonomy Events cloudscapes
ETUG workshop, OER Meeting, Monterey, Int. conf on open and distance learning
Debate cloudscapes The changing nature of conferences, Is Twitter Killing Blogging?
Open review cloudscapes Literature review of Web 2.0, Positioning of educational technologists
Expert elicitation cloudscapes OPAL project review of OER and associated practices
Resource or topic cloudscapes Horizon reports, Using mindmapping in teaching
Learning and teaching cloudscapes Masters students, Business school tutors
Design cloudscapes Design course team
Reading cloudscapes ELESIG virtual reading cycle
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Some stats….Aspect Everyone Team Non-team
Cloudscapes 289 100 189
Clouds 2408 1214 1194
Comments 3414 1012 2402
Links 3268 1678 1590
2376 registered users
Added Sept.
From 165 countries
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Theoretical perspectives
Design Analysis
“Social objects”Social networking makes little sense if we leave out the objects that Mediate the ties between peopleEngeström
“Social objects”Social networking makes little sense if we leave out the objects that Mediate the ties between peopleEngeström Design framework for
sociality•Enabling practice•Mimicking reality•Building identity•Actualising selfBouman et al.
Design framework for sociality•Enabling practice•Mimicking reality•Building identity•Actualising selfBouman et al.
Ritual performance•Social life as ritual•How participants frame their contributions based on perceived audience and dynamics of specific situations Goffman
Ritual performance•Social life as ritual•How participants frame their contributions based on perceived audience and dynamics of specific situations Goffman
Collective intelligence•The power of the collective•Distributed cognition•Social dispersal of meaningLevy, Solomon, Surowiecki
Collective intelligence•The power of the collective•Distributed cognition•Social dispersal of meaningLevy, Solomon, Surowiecki
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Transformation? Towards education 2.0Yes
Rich multi-representation of content
Multiple communication channels
Accessible anywhere, anytimeAbundance of free tools and
content
NoDigital divide narrower but
deeperIncreasing complex digital
landscapeSignificant cultural differences
Individual ‘position’ on technology
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References and links
Conole, G. and Alevizou, P. (2010), The use(s) of web 2.0 in HE, Report for the HE Academy, Open University: Milton Keynes
Conole, G. (2010), A review of pedagogical models and frameworks, available online at http://cloudworks.ac.uk/index.php/cloudscape/view/2009
Conole, G. and Culver, J. (2010) 'The design of Cloudworks: applying social networking practice to foster the exchange of learning and teaching ideas and designs' Computers and Education, 54(2): 679 – 692.
Conole, G. and McAndrew, P. (2010), A new approach to supporting the design and use of OER: Harnessing the power of web 2.0, M. Edner and M. Schiefner (eds), Looking toward the future of technology enhanced education: ubiquitous learning and the digital nature.
De Freitas, S. and Conole. G. (forthcoming), Learners experiences: how pervasive and integrative tools influence expectations of study, in R. Sharpe and H. Beetham (Eds), Rethinking learning for a digital age, RoutledgeFalmer: London.
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Images used from Flckr
Web2.0 city - http://www.flickr.com/photos/4everyoung/313308360/
Digital divide - http://www.flickr.com/photos/chrysti/2337913120/
One world-oneweb http://www.flickr.com/photos/psd/2731067095/
Network http://www.flickr.com/photos/seeminglee/2053060997/
Logos http://www.flickr.com/photos/mandymaarten/503716476/