Download - Code of Practice Excavation
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Contents
1. Introduction 3
2. Planning and preparation 4
3. Work systems and control measures 10
4. Protection against contaminated environments 35
5. Inspection and maintenance of plant and equipment 42
6. Training and instruction 44
7. Personal protective equipment (PPE) 45
8. Legal requirements 48
Definitions
Appendix 1 Checklist - Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and
Control Measures
Appendix 2 Example of a Hierarchy of risk control measures
Appendix 3 A typical example of a safe work method statement
Further Information
Page No.
Dial Before You Dig is a free referral service for receivinginformation on underground pipes and cables before you startwork.
All major utilities are members including Energy Australia,Integral Energy, Telstra, Optus, AGL and Sydney Water. Digging without maps means exposing yourself and yourcontractors to danger. Unexpected cable strikes can slow your job down. Damage to underground utilities can affect your insurance.
DONT RISK IT
Dial 1100 between 8am and 6pm on
working days
Fax 1300 652 077 anytime
THIS IS A FREE SERVICE
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Types of shoring and support systems include, but are notlimited to:
(a) sacrificial sets - stay in the ground indefinitely, may betimber, concrete etc.
(b) soldier sets - timber, steel proprietary(c) full timber systems
(d) trench supports (eg. shields, boxes or cages etc)(e) sheet piling(f) precast panels(g) diaphragm walls(h) rock bolts and ground anchors(i) caissons(j) sand bag (sand cement mix)(k) hydraulic systems(l) soil nails, shotcrete, etc(m)pneumatic systems.
These and/or other types of appropriate ground supportequipment should be on site before the excavation workcommences.
Figure 2 shows some of the common types of earth supportsystems.
2A. Soldier sets - TimberSteel, proprietory
2B. Precast Panels
Runners Extended to one metre aboveexcavation for fall protection
2C. Full Timber System
2D. Sheet Piling
2E. Trench Shields
2F. Rock Bolts
One Metre High Handrail System
Examples of Shoring
Figure 2
Figure 2
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5 A risk assessment should be conducted before operating plantSome hazardous substances have exposure standards that
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5.Inspectionandmaintenanceof plant and
equipment
A risk assessment should be conducted before operating plantto identify any hazards that may arise and the controlmeasures to be implemented. The risk assessment shouldconsider at least the following:(a) that appropriate guards, including roll-over protective
devices (ROPS) are fitted(b) that the safe working load is displayed(c) record of testing, maintenance, servicing and repair(d) the general mechanical/electrical condition of plant,
especially any wear or damage that may effect safeoperation
(e) compliance with relevant legislation and Australianstandards
(f) specific controls to prevent entanglement or workers beingtrapped between moving parts.
It is a legal requirement that all plant such as excavators,tractors, etc used for lifting must have their safe working loadsdisplayed and maintained.
If the function or condition of plant represents an immediaterisk to health and safety, operation should cease and the plantshould be withdrawn from use until a risk assessment andappropriate control measures are implemented.
5.1 Routine InspectionRegular planned inspection and adequate maintenance shouldbe carried out to ensure safe operation of all plant used onexcavation work, whether leased, hired or owned. Bothmechanical and electrical testing should be done. For furtherinformation refer to the WorkCover NSW publication Code ofPractice: Electrical practices for construction work. Thefollowing checks should also be carried out:
(a) Daily checks: general condition and maintenance of theplant should be checked daily by the person doing theexcavation work.
(b) Regular checks: the plant should be inspected by acompetent person on a regular basis, or at least everymonth.
5.2 Repairs and maintenanceThe contractor using the plant should implement themanufacturers recommendations. Repairs should be carriedout by a competent person and in accordance with thedesigners or manufacturers requirements.
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Some hazardous substances have exposure standards thatmust be observed. This may be particularly relevant forsubstances that are applied as a spray. Details of any exposurestandards are set out in the manufacturers MSDS.
For further information about using hazardous substances referto the WorkCover NSW publication Code of Practice ForControl of workplace hazardous substances.
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6463
CoverPage
One
of
FileNo.Officeuse
only
WORKMETHODSTATEMENT
Job/TaskorProcess:
PERSONNELDETAILS
EQUIPMENTDETAILS
Occupations
StaticPlantand
Trades/Skills/WorkTeams
Equipment
No.ofemployees
MobilePlantand
(Reqdtodotheworksafely)
Equipment
Qualifications
Safety/Emergency
Licenses/Qualifications/Permits
Equipment
Training
PersonalProtective
Completedand/orrequired
Equipment(PPE
)
JOBS/TASKS/PROCESSES
HAZARDS
CONTROLMEA
SURES
(Basicstepsinlogicalsequence-w
hatistobedone,nothow)
(Unsafeconditionsandunsafeacts)
(Safetymeasures/SafeWorkPractices/PPE)
1.makeitsafe:
2.getitready:
3.dothisfirst:
4.dothisnext:
5.makeitsecure:
6.cleanup/putaway:
Name:
Position:S
ignature:D
ate:
PROJECT:
CONTRACTO
R:
CoverPageTwo
of
FileNo.Officeuse
only
WORKMETHODSTATEMENT
Job/TaskorProcess:
SAFEWORKPRACTIC
ES:
PERSONALPROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT:
1.
1.
2.
2.
3.
3.
4.
4.
5.
5.
6.
6.
WORKSEQUENC
E
POTENTIAL
RISK
PROPOSED
ACTION/
BASICJOBSTEPS
HAZAR
DS
SCORE
CONTROLMEASURE
Breakthejobdownintosteps.
Identifythehazardsasso
ciatedwitheachstep.
See
Specifywhataction/proceduresw
illbetakentoeliminateor
Eachstepshouldaccomplishsomemajortaskandbein
Examineeachtofindpossibilitiesthatcouldlead
HAZPAK
minimisethehazards,theriskof
injury/damage,and/or
alogicalsequence
toanaccident.
potentialseverityfactors.Include
themeasuretobetakento
ensuretheproposedcontrolswillbemaintained.
STEP1
STEP
Name:
Position:S
ignature:D
ate:
PROJECT:
CONTRACTO
R:
FurtherInformation
Location of ServicesThe NSW Dial Before you Dig service is available to assist inh l i f ll i ili i d f h N i l
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Information the location of all service utilities and as a part of the NationalDial Before you Dig service.
By ringing 1100, an excavator is automatically connected to theappropriate state service and can obtain information on thelocation of utilities and local government services. The service
operates from 7am to 6pm Monday to Friday and adviseswhich utilities have underground facilities in your area ofexcavation and then facilitates communication between allparties.
Excavators are asked to give at least two working days noticeof intention to excavate to enable plans and location details tobe forwarded. Enquiries may be faxed to 1300 652 077 at anytime for processing during office hours.
Useful publicationsNSW Workcover Codes of practice Code of practice: Electrical practices for construction
work. Code of practice: Noise management and protection
of hearing at work. Code of practice: Amenities for construction work. Code of practice: Tunnels under construction. Code of practice: Overhead protective structures. Code of practice: OHS induction training for
construction work. Code of practice for control of workplace hazardous
substances.
Guides A guide for front end loader and excavator drivers Guide for working near traffic and mobile plant Use of personal protective equipment at work - a guidance
note Skin cancer and outdoor workers - a guide for workers
Skin cancer and outdoor workers - a guide for employers How to prevent silicosis. A guide to dust hazards. HazPak Worksafe Exposure Standards for Atmospheric
Contaminants in the Occupational Environment Worksafe guidance Note for the Assessment of Health
Risks Arising from the Use of Hazardous Substances in theWorkplace.
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Page
of
FileNo.Officeuse
only
WORKMETHODSTATEMENT
WORKSEQUENCE
POTENTIAL
RISK
PROPOSED
ACTION/
BASICJOBSTEPS
HAZAR
DS
SCORE
CONTROLMEASURE
Breakthejobdownintosteps.
Identifythehazardsasso
ciatedwitheachstep.
See
Specifywhataction/procedureswillbetakentoeliminateor
Eachstepshouldaccomplishsomemajor
taskandbein
Examineeachtofindpossibilitiesthatcouldlead
HAZPAK
minimisethehazards,theriskof
injury/damage,and/or
alogicalsequence
toanaccident.
potentialseverityfactors.Include
themeasuretobetakento
ensuretheproposedcontrolswillbemaintained.
STEP
STEP
STEP
STEP
PROJECT:
CONTRACTO
R:
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