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Clauses and Phrase
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Phrases
• PhrasesPhrases- a group of words. There are three types of phrases: •Prepositional- starts with a preposition
and ends with a noun or pronoun. It will never contain the subject or verb of the sentences.
• Adjectival Phrase- phrase that acts as an adjective and modifies a noun.
• Adverbial Phrase- phrase that acts as an adverb and modifies a verb.
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Practice:
• Identify the phrase as adjectival, adverbial, or prepositional.
1. It is of no use. 2. Joe buys flowers for his wife every week. 3. Sunday is the longest day. 4. I can’t finish the report without the numbers. 5. I was whisked into a secret chamber. 6. Toby placed the chair next to the window. 7. The local police are talking to Tom. 8. We hardly ever use the microwave.
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Clauses
• Clauses- a group of words containing a subject and verb.
Two types: 1. Independent- can stand alone 2. Dependent- cannot stand alone and contains a subordinating conjunction.
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Sentences
1. Simple- contains one independent clause.
The class was very boring.
2. Compound- contains two independent clauses separated by a comma and a coordinating conjunction.
The class was very boringThe class was very boring,, butbut it was it was very important. very important.
S V
SS VV VVSS
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Sentences (Cont)
3. Complex- contains an independent clause and a dependent clause as well as a subordinating conjunction.
AsAs the students were watching the movie,
the teacher left the class.
The teacher left the class as the students
were watching the movie.
Dep. Dep. + + Indep.Indep. SS
SS
VV
VV
Indep.Indep.+ + Dep. Dep.
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Video- Clauses
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Practice
• Worksheet- review• Game- partners: create simple,
compound, and complex sentences• Game- musical sentences
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Dependent Clauses
• Dependent clauses are off set by a subordinating conjunction- it is due to this conjunction that the clause is considered dependent. There are three different types of dependent clauses: 1. Adverb2. Adjective3. Noun
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Adverb Clauses
• Acts as an adverb- modifies a verb. • Subordinating Conjunctions: After,
Although, As, Before, Because, If, Since, Until, When, While
• Examples: The elevator will not move until the doors are
closed. No one may enter the room while the red
light is on.
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Adjective Clauses
• Acts as an adjective- modifies a noun. • Subordinating Conjunctions: That, Which,
Who, Whom, Whose- Who, Whom, Whose= Describe People- That, Which = Describe Things.
• Examples: Dad needs a secretary who can speak Portuguese. Grandpa still had the first dollar that he ever earned.
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Noun Clauses
• Acts as a noun or replaces a noun. • Subordinating Conjunctions: who,
whom, what, which, whoever, whomever, whatever, when, whether, where, how, why.
• Examples: What happened next surprised us all. The real surprise is how the movie ends.