CIRCULATORY SYSTEM:BLOOD + BLOOD VESSELS
October 21, 2016
AGENDA● Review
● Questions
● Activity
● Notes
HEART
HEART= A BIG, WET, MUSCLY PUMP
HEARTTRANSPORTS
nutrients oxygenwasteheat
hormonesimmune cells
Body temperaturepH levels
Volume of body fluid
REGULATES
3 TYPES OF CIRCULATION
- Coronary = blood (vessels) around the heart
- Pulmonary = blood (vessels) from heart to lungs
- Systemic = blood (vessels) from heart to rest of the body
BLOOD
COMPONENTS OF BLOOD
COMPONENTS OF BLOOD1. RED BLOOD CELLS (RBCs) / ERYTHROCYTES
● O2 transporter● Simple little cells from stem
cells of the bone marrow● 45% total blood volume● Bi-concave shape
○ Large surface → Ideal for gas exchange
● NO nucleus○ Flexible → able to
change shape as they travel through capillaries
● Surviving an average of only 120 DAYS
Hemoglobin
ERYTHROCYTES
Hemoglobin HemeRBC
● 4 irons/Hb● 250 million Hb/RBC● 1 billion O2/RBC
COMPONENTS OF BLOOD2. WHITE BLOOD CELLS / LEUKOCYTES
● Defense system● Stem cells of the
bone marrow● <1%● YES nucleus● 2 Types
○ Granulocytes■ Acquired immune
response
○ Agranulocytes ■ macrophages
COMPONENTS OF BLOOD2. PLATELETS / THROMBOCYTES
● Blood clotting● Stem cells of the
bone marrow● <1%● NO nucleus
COMPONENTS OF BLOOD3. PLASMA
● Little bit of everything● ~55% of total blood
volume● 90% water● 10% solutes
○ Ions○ Proteins○ Nutrients ○ Wastes○ Gases
QUESTIONS
QUESTION #1OXYGENATION OF BLOOD
QUESTION #2PLASMA FUNCTION
● Little bit of everything● ~55% of total blood volume● 90% water● 10% solutes
○ Ions■ pH levels■ Osmotic pressure■ Muscle contraction■ Action potentials
○ Proteins■ Albumins: osmotic pressure ■ Globulins: antibodies■ Fibrinogens: blood clotting
○ Nutrients ○ Wastes○ Gases
QUESTION #3TIMING OF BLOOD DOPING
?
QUESTION #4LOCATION OF SPLEEN
● https://human.biodigital.com/index.html
QUESTION #5FUNCTION OF GRANULES
● Contain enzymes that damage or digest pathogens and release inflammatory mediators into the bloodstream
● Pathogen = disease-causing bacterium, virus, or microorganism
BLOOD
BLOOD TYPES
RHESUS FACTOR
● Another chemical identification tag in blood ● Rh + person has Rh factor● Rh - develops antibodies against Rh +
○ problem in pregnancy
RHESUS FACTOR
ACTIVITY
FIND A DONOR!● EVEN numbers, find a donor!● Go around ask people for their blood
types, how fast can you find your donor?
BLOOD COMPATIBILITY
BLOOD TYPE DISTRIBUTION
Blood Type Distribution
Rh + (%) Rh - (%)
O 39 7
A 36 6
B 7.6 1.4
AB 2.5 0.5
BLOOD VESSELS
FUNCTION
● Deliver oxygen and nutrients to cells throughout the body
● Carry away waste products● Part of maintaining blood pressure
FORM + FUNCTION● Active and dynamic organs that are capable
of contracting and expanding● Three layers of tissue
○ Inner = smooth epithelial cells ■ reduce friction
○ Middle = made of smooth muscle cells and sheets of the protein elastin■ Key role in blood flow, pressure
○ Outer = made mostly of loosely woven collagen-fiber■ Protects and reinforces the whole blood vessel
3 MAJOR TYPES
● Arteries carry blood away from the heart○ arterioles = mini-arteries that branch out
into the capillaries● Veins carry blood towards the heart
○ Venules = the smallest vein components that suck blood out of the capillaries
● Capillaries ○ Transfer station between the two
ARTERY● High pressure● Aorta and major branches = ELASTIC - contain more
elastin than any other blood vessel type● Muscular arteries = THICKEST middle layer -
additional smooth muscle tissue
CAPILLARIES● Made of single layer of epithelial tissue● Able to deliver the oxygen and other nutrients in your
blood to their cellular destinations through diffusion● Cells dump their carbon dioxide and other waste back into
the blood and send it away
VEIN● Low pressure● Has to work against gravity
○ Venous valve: to help keep the blood from flowing backward
QUESTION #1OXYGENATION OF BLOOD
EXIT CARD
1. vessels involved in Pulmonary circulation OR
Systemic circulation2. Feedback! Too fast?