Download - Chilli breeding
Welcome
Aspects of chilli breeding
Mutturaj M DJr.M.ScGPB
Botanical name: Capsicum annum
Family : Solanaceae
Chromosome no 2n = 24
Origin: Peru.
Chilli
Importance of chilli• Green chillies are rich in proteins 2.9 g per 100
g. Ca, Mg, P, K, Cu and S.• Vitamins like Thiamine, Riboflavin and Vitamin
C.• Chillies are the major ingredients in curry
powder.• Green chillies are rich in Rutin which has
pharmaceutical use.• Pungency of chillies is due to capsaicin.• The pigment(colour) in chillies is due to
capsanthin also contains many other oleoresins.
Floral biology of chilli.
Year Area(Lakh ha)
Production(Lakh tons)
2010-11 8.8 10.62011-12 8.5 8.82012-13 9.9 11.02013-14 9.5 10.02014-15 9.5 10-10.5
Area and production of chilli in India
Productivity of chilli in 2014-2015
Green chilli-19-20 q/ha
Dry chilli-5-6 q/ha
BREEDING METHODS :-
1.Introduction.
2.Mass selection.
3.Pureline selection.
4.Back cross method
BREEDING OBJECTIVES :-
Breeding for,
1) Early maturity.
2) High yielding variety.
3) Resistance to biotic and abiotic stress.
4) Resistance to pest and diseases.
5) Frost tolerant variety.
Emasculation and pollination in chilli
A pure line selection from IHR 324(local collection). Plants tall.
Fruits dark green, smooth, straight, turning deep red on maturity, Fruits highly pungent.
Duration 180 days. Yield 25 t/ha. (green Chilli). 3 t/ha. (dry chilli)
CHILLI - Arka Lohit
Varieties released by IIHR Bangaluru
High yielding chilli F1 hybrid developed by using MS line
Fresh yield 38.4t/ ha and dry yield of 6 t/ ha in 140-150 days.
CHILLI - Arka Sweta
High yielding chilli F1 hybrid developed by using MS line.
Fruits medium long (10 cm) with width 1 cm.
Fresh yield 31 t/ hectare and dry yield 6 t/ ha in 150-160 days.
Tolerant to powdery mildew and viruses.
CHILLI - Arka Harita
Dark green Foliage.
Fruits straight,smooth with pointed tip
Yield: 25t green/ha and 3 t dry chilli/ ha
Resistant to powdery mildew and field tolerant to viruses.
CHILLI - Arka Suphal
TNAU HYBRID CHILLI CO 1
Moderately resistant to fruit rot disease.
Yields about 6.74 t/ha of dry pod and 28.10 t/ha of green chilli in a crop duration of 195-205 days
Hybrids Of CHILLI
Chilli : Arka Meghana
F1 hybrid developed using CGMS (Cytoplasmic Genic Male Sterile) line
High yielding with 30-35t / ha fresh yield and 5t/ ha dry yield.
Tolerant to viruses and sucking pests
Developed by IARI, New Delhi.
Tolerant to thrips, mite and aphid
Pusa Jwala:-
High yielding with 22-24t / ha fresh yield and 5t/ ha dry yield with duration of 140 days.
Developed by PAU, Ludhiana.
Resistant to TMV, CMV, leaf curl viruses
Punjab Lal
High yielding with 23-25t / ha fresh yield and 4t/ ha dry yield with duration of 160 days
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