2212-6107 19 pages
M12/4/CHEMI/HPM/ENG/TZ1/XX
Tuesday 8 May 2012 (afternoon)
CHEMISTRYHIgHER lEvElPaPER 1
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
• Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so.• Answer all the questions.• For each question, choose the answer you consider to be the best and indicate your choice on
the answer sheet provided.• The periodic table is provided for reference on page 2 of this examination paper.• The maximum mark for this examination paper is [40 marks].
1 hour
© International Baccalaureate Organization 2012
22126107
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88 Ra
(226
)
56 Ba13
7.34
38 Sr87
.62
20 Ca
40.0
8
12 Mg
24.3
1
4 Be 9.012
‡†
89 ‡
Ac
(227
)
57 †
La13
8.91
39 Y88
.91
21 Sc 44.9
6
90 Th23
2.04
58 Ce
140.
12
72 Hf
178.
49
40 Zr 91.2
2
22 Ti47
.90
91 Pa23
1.04
59 Pr14
0.91
73 Ta18
0.95
41 Nb
92.9
1
23 V50
.94
92 U23
8.03
60 Nd
144.
24
74 W18
3.85
42 Mo
95.9
4
24 Cr
52.0
0
55 Cs
132.
91
37 Rb
85.4
7
19 K39
.10
11 Na
22.9
9
3 Li 6.941 H 1.011 Fr87 (223
)
Ato
mic
num
ber
Elem
ent
Rela
tive
atom
ic m
ass
93 Np
(237
)
61 Pm14
6.92
75 Re
186.
21
43 Tc 98.9
1
25 Mn
54.9
4
94 Pu (242
)
62 Sm15
0.35
76 Os
190.
21
44 Ru
101.
07
26 Fe 55.8
5
95 Am
(243
)
63 Eu15
1.96
77 Ir19
2.22
45 Rh
102.
91
27 Co
58.9
3
96 Cm
(247
)
64 Gd
157.
25
78 Pt19
5.09
46 Pd10
6.42
28 Ni
58.7
1
97 Bk (247
)
65 Tb15
8.92
79 Au
196.
97
47 Ag
107.
87
29 Cu
63.5
5
The
Peri
odic
Tab
le
98 Cf
(251
)
66 Dy
162.
50
80 Hg
200.
59
48 Cd
112.
40
30 Zn 65.3
7
99 Es (254
)
67 Ho
164.
93
81 Tl20
4.37
49 In11
4.82
31 Ga
69.7
2
13 Al
26.9
8
5 B10
.81
3
100
Fm (257
)
68 Er16
7.26
82 Pb20
7.19
50 Sn11
8.69
32 Ge
72.5
9
14 Si28
.09
6 C12
.01
4
101
Md
(258
)
69 Tm16
8.93
83 Bi20
8.98
51 Sb12
1.75
33 As
74.9
2
15 P30
.97
7 N14
.01
5
102
No
(259
)
70 Yb
173.
04
84 Po (210
)
52 Te12
7.60
34 Se78
.96
16 S32
.06
8 O16
.00
6
103
Lr (260
)
71 Lu17
4.97
85 At
(210
)
53 I12
6.90
35 Br 79.9
0
17 Cl
35.4
5
9 F19
.00
7
86 Rn
(222
)
54 Xe
131.
30
36 Kr
83.8
0
18 Ar
39.9
5
10 Ne
20.1
8
2 He
4.000
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1. Howmanyatomsofhydrogenarein0.500molofCH3OHmolecules?
A. 231.20 10×
B. 233.01 10×
C. 236.02 10×
D. 241.20 10×
2. Calciumcarbonatereactswithhydrochloricacidaccordingtothefollowingequation.
3 2 2 2CaCO (s) 2HCl(aq) CaCl (aq) CO (g) H O(l)+ → + +
Whatisthetheoreticalyield,inmol,ofcalciumchlorideif0.10molCaCO3isaddedto100cm3of
1.0moldm–3HCl?
A. 0.050
B. 0.10
C. 0.20
D. 0.50
3. Afixedmassofanidealgasat27.0 C° and 51.01 10× Pahasavolumeof100cm3. Whichchangedoublesthevolumeofthegas?
A. Heatingthegasatconstantpressureto54.0 C° .
B. Heatingthegasatconstantpressureto327 C° .
C. Increasingthepressureonthegasto 52.02 10× Paatconstanttemperature.
D. Heatingthegasto54.0 C° andincreasingthepressureto 52.02 10× Pa.
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4. Whichisotopehasanatomicnumberof9andamassnumberof19?
A. 9F
B. 19K
C. 19F
D. 28Si
5. Whatistheorderinwhichtheenergysub-levelsareoccupiedaccordingtotheAufbauprinciple?
A. 5s,5p,4d
B. 4d,5s,5p
C. 5s,4d,5p
D. 5s,5d,5p
6. Whichspeciesareintheorderofincreasingionicradius?
A. Cl–<K+<S2– B. K+<Cl–<S2–
C. Cl–<S2–<K+
D. S2–<Cl–<K+
7. Whichcombinationofdescriptionsiscorrectfortheoxidesofperiod3elements?
Chlorine Magnesium Silicon Sodium
A. basic acidic basic acidic
B. acidic basic basic basic
C. basic acidic acidic acidic
D. acidic basic acidic basic
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8. WhataretheelectronconfigurationsofCu,Cu+andCu2+?
Cu Cu+ Cu2+
A. [Ar]4s2 3d9 [Ar]4s2 3d8 [Ar]4s2 3d7
B. [Ar]4s2 3d9 [Ar]4s1 3d9 [Ar] 3d9
C. [Ar]4s2 3d9 [Ar] 3d10 [Ar] 3d9
D. [Ar]4s1 3d10 [Ar] 3d10 [Ar] 3d9
9. WhatisthecorrectnumberofcentresofnegativechargeforcarbonandtheshapeofH2CO?
C
H
OH
Centres of negative charge on C-atom Shape
A. 3 trigonalpyramidal
B. 3 trigonalplanar
C. 4 trigonalpyramidal
D. 4 trigonalplanar
10. Whichstatementaboutintermolecularforcesiscorrect?
A. The intermolecular force between H2 molecules is hydrogen bonding, because H2 has temporarydipoles.
B. TheintermolecularforcesbetweenPH3moleculesaregreater than the intermolecularforcesbetweenNH3molecules,becausetheyhaveagreatermass.
C. TheintermolecularforcebetweenH2moleculesishydrogenbonding,becauseH2haspermanentdipoles.
D. The intermolecular forces between Br2 molecules are van der Waals’, because Br2 has temporarydipoles.
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11. Whichsubstancesaresolubleinhexane,C6H14?
I. C8H18
II. CH4
III. H2O
A. IandIIonly
B. IandIIIonly
C. IIandIIIonly
D. I,IIandIII
12. DiagramsIandIIshowtwoporbitalsonadjacentatomsindifferentrelativeorientations.
I II
Whichtypesofbondsareformedwhentheorbitalsoverlap?
Orientation I Orientation II
A. σ σ
B. π π
C. π σ
D. σ π
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13. Whichmoleculeshavedelocalizedπelectrons?
I. C6H6
II. CH3COOH
III. O3
A. IandIIonly
B. IandIIIonly
C. IIandIIIonly
D. I,IIandIII
14. Whataretheunitsforspecificheatcapacity?
A. kJkgK
B. kJkgK–1
C. kJkg–1K
D. kJkg–1K–1
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15. Ineachoftwodifferentexperiments,AandB,asolutionofsodiumhydroxideisaddedtoasolutionofhydrochloricacid.Theinitialtemperatureofeachsolutionis25 C° .
ExperimentA ExperimentB
Whichstatementiscorrect?
A. ThehighestrecordedtemperatureofexperimentAislowerthanthehighestrecordedtemperatureofexperimentB.
B. Thehighestrecordedtemperatureofbothexperimentsisequal.
C. TheheatproducedinexperimentAislowerthantheheatproducedinexperimentB.
D. Theheatproducedinbothexperimentsisequal.
50cm3
1.0moldm–3NaOH(aq)50cm3
1.0moldm–3NaOH(aq)
50cm3
1.0moldm–3HCl(aq)100cm3
1.0moldm–3HCl(aq)
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16. ThediagramrepresentstheBorn–Habercycleforthelatticeenthalpyofsodiumchloride.
WhatisthenameoftheenthalpychangesI,IIandIII?
I II III
A. ionizationenergyofNa electronaffinityofCl latticeenthalpyofNaCl
B. latticeenthalpyofNaCl ionizationenergyofNa electronaffinityofCl
C. electronaffinityofCl ionizationenergyofNa latticeenthalpyofNaCl
D. ionizationenergyofNa latticeenthalpyofNaCl electronaffinityofCl
17. Whichstatementsaboutentropyforthefollowingreactionat298Karecorrect?
2 22NO(g) O (g) 2NO (g)+ →
I. 2(O ) 0S =Ö
II. 2 22 (NO ) 2 (NO) (O )S S S S= − −Ö Ö Ö Öë
III. < 0S Öë
A. IandIIonly
B. IandIIIonly
C. IIandIIIonly
D. I,IIandIII
III
III
Na (g) Cl (g)+
122Na (g) Cl (g)+
122Na (s) Cl (g)+
NaCl(s)
H
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18. Whichreactionisspontaneousathightemperatures,butnotatlowtemperatures?
A. 4 2 2 2CH (g) 2O (g) CO (g) 2H O(g)+ → + 0H <ë
B. 3 2CaCO (s) CO (g) CaO(s)→ + 0H >ë
C. 2 2Fe(s) Cl (g) FeCl (s)+ → 0H <ë
D. 2 32C(s) 2H O(g) CH COOH(l)+ → 0H >ë
19. TheMaxwell–Boltzmanncurvebelowshowsthedistributionofkineticenergiesfortheparticlesinasampleofgas.
Numberofparticles
KineticEnergy
Whichistheshapeofthecurveforthesamesampleofgasatahighertemperature?Allgraphsaredrawntothesamescale.
A. Numberofparticles
B. Numberofparticles
KineticEnergy KineticEnergy
C. Numberofparticles
D. Numberofparticles
KineticEnergy KineticEnergy
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20. ThedecompositionofN2O5occursaccordingtothefollowingequation.
2 5 2 22N O (g) 4NO (g) O (g)→ +
ThereactionisfirstorderwithrespecttoN2O5.Whatcombinationofvariablescouldtheaxesrepresentonthegraphbelow?
y
x
x-axis y-axis
A. time [N2O5]
B. [N2O5] time
C. [N2O5] rateofreaction
D. rateofreaction [N2O5]
21. Whatistheeffectofanincreaseintemperatureontherateconstantoftheforwardreaction,k,andontheequilibriumconstant,Kc,ofanexothermicreversiblereaction?
A. kdecreases,Kcincreases
B. kincreases,Kcdecreases
C. kdecreases,Kcdecreases
D. kincreases,Kcincreases
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22. Thegraphrepresentstheratesoftheforwardandbackwardreactionsofareversiblereaction.
Rateofreaction
Time
Whichstatementiscorrect?
A. XWZrepresentstherateoftheforwardreaction.
B. AtY,therateoftheforwardandbackwardreactionsiszero.
C. BetweenWandZ,theconcentrationsofproductsandreactantsareequal.
D. BetweenYandW,theconcentrationofthereactantsincreases.
23. Aliquidanditsvapourareatequilibriuminasealedcontainer.Whichofthefollowingincreaseasthecontainerisheated?
I. Themassoftheliquid.
II. Thevapourpressureoftheliquid.
III. Therateofvaporizationoftheliquid.
A. IandIIonly
B. IandIIIonly
C. IIandIIIonly
D. I,IIandIII
X
W Z
Y
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24. Whichareconjugateacid/basepairsaccordingtotheBrønsted–Lowrytheory?
I. NH4+/NH3
II. HCOOH/HCOO–
III. H2SO4/SO42–
A. IandIIonly
B. IandIIIonly
C. IIandIIIonly
D. I,IIandIII
25. AnaqueoussolutionXreactswithasolidY,toproduceaflammablegas.WhichofthefollowingsuggestionscouldsubstancesXandYbe?
X Y
A. nitricacid,HNO3 calciumcarbonate,CaCO3
B. sulfuricacid,H2SO4 zinc,Zn
C. hydrochloricacid,HCl copper,Cu
D. sodiumhydroxidesolution,NaOH aluminumoxide,Al2O3
26. Whichiscorrectforaweakacid,HA,withconcentration0.01moldm–3at298K?
A. [H+]< –21 10×
B. pH<2
C. [OH–]< –121 10×
D. pOH>12
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27. WhichsalthasthelowestpHwhendissolvedinwater?
A. KNO3
B. CH3COONa
C. Na2CO3
D. [Fe(H2O)6]Cl3
28. WhichofthefollowingmixtureswouldresultinthepKaoftheacidbeingobtainedfromadirectpHmeasurementoftheresultingsolution?
A. 25cm30.1moldm–3HCland25cm30.1moldm–3NaCl
B. 25cm30.1moldm–3NaOHand25cm30.1moldm–3CH3COOH
C. 12.5cm30.1moldm–3CH3COOHand25cm30.1moldm–3NaOH
D. 12.5cm30.1moldm–3NaOHand25cm30.1moldm–3CH3COOH
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29. Anaqueoussolutionofaweakacidcontaininganindicatoristitratedwithastrongbase,resultinginthefollowingtitrationcurve.
pH
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0Volumeofbase
AtwhichpHdoesthebufferregionoccur?
A. Between4.5and5.5
B. Between7.5and9.5
C. At9.5
D. At12
30. Theequationfortheredoxreactionbetweenacidifieddichromateandiodideionsisshownbelow.
2– – 32 7 2 2Cr O (aq) 6I (aq) 14H (aq) 2Cr (aq) 3I (aq) 7H O(l)+ ++ + → + +
Whichisthereductionhalf-equation?
A. –26I (aq) 6e 3I (aq)−+ →
B. –26I (aq) 3I (aq) 6e−→ +
C. 2– 32 7 2Cr O (aq) 14H (aq) 6e 2Cr (aq) 7H O(l)+ − ++ + → +
D. 2– 32 7 2Cr O (aq) 14H (aq) 2Cr (aq) 7H O(l) 6e+ + −+ → + +
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31. Theequationfortheoverallreactioninavoltaiccellis:
2 2Cu (aq) Zn (s) Cu (s) Zn (aq)+ ++ → +
Whichstatementsarecorrectforthiscell?
I. Cuisthepositiveelectrode.
II. Negativeionsflowfromthezincsolutiontothecoppersolution.
III. Chemicalenergyisconvertedintoelectricalenergyduringthisreaction.
A. IandIIonly
B. IandIIIonly
C. IIandIIIonly
D. I,IIandIII
32. Whichstatementiscorrectforthefollowingspontaneousreaction?
3 – 222Fe (aq) 2Br (aq) 2Fe (aq) Br (aq)+ ++ → +
A. 0E <Öë andBr2isabetteroxidizingagentthanFe3+.
B. 0E <Öë andBr–isabetterreducingagentthanFe2+.
C. 0E >Öë andFe3+isabetteroxidizingagentthanBr2.
D. 0E >Öë andFe2+isabetterreducingagentthanBr–.
33. Whichcombinationofelectrodesandelectrolytecouldbeusedtoplateaspoonwithsilver?
Negative electrode (cathode)
Positive electrode (anode) Electrolyte
A. silver spoon sulfuricacidsolution
B. spoon silver sulfuricacidsolution
C. silver spoon silvernitratesolution
D. spoon silver silvernitratesolution
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34. WhichstatementsaboutCH3CH2CHOarecorrect?
I. ItcanbeoxidizedtoCH3CH2COOH.
II. ItcanbeproducedbyoxidationofCH3CH2OH.
III. ItcanbereducedtoCH3CH2CH2OH.
A. IandIIonly
B. IandIIIonly
C. IIandIIIonly
D. I,IIandIII
35. Whichreactionofbut-2-eneproduces2-chlorobutane?
A. Additionreactionwithchlorine B. Substitutionreactionwithhydrogenchloride
C. Substitutionreactionwithchlorine
D. Additionreactionwithhydrogenchloride
36. Whatarethecorrectnamesofthereactiontypesshown?
3 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3CH CH CH ClCH CH CH HOCH CH CH→ →I II
I II
A. nucleophilicsubstitution oxidation
B. free-radicalsubstitution oxidation
C. nucleophilicsubstitution nucleophilicsubstitution
D. free-radicalsubstitution nucleophilicsubstitution
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37. What is the name of the substance below?
H C
H
H
C
CH3
CN
CH3
A. Pentanenitrile
B. 2-methyl-2-propanenitrile
C. 2,2-dimethylpropanenitrile
D. 1,1-dimethylethanenitrile
38. What is the correct order of increasing rate of reaction between the following halogenoalkanes and a warm aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide?
A. CH3F < CH3Cl < (CH3)2CHCl
B. CH3Cl < CH3F < (CH3)2CHCl
C. CH3Cl < (CH3)2CHCl < CH3F
D. (CH3)2CHCl < CH3Cl < CH3F
39. Which statements are correct for the nylon shown below?
2 4 2 6 n[ OC(CH ) CONH(CH ) NH ]
I. It is produced by condensation polymerization.
II. It is a polyamide.
III. One of its monomers is H2N(CH2)6NH2.
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
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40. Astudentmeasured themassofasolidonananalyticalbalanceduringan internallyassessed IBpracticalexperimentandrecordedthemassinhisrawdata.Theaccuracyofthebalance,asstatedbythemanufacturers,was±0.01g. Whichof thefollowingchoiceswouldbe thebest recordofhismass?
A. 10.2g B. 10g
C. 10.20g
D. 10.200g