Download - Chemistry 3: Mixtures and Solutions
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Pure Substance: all of the particles are the same
Element: all the atoms are the same• Lots of the same atom
Compound: elements are the same and chemically combined- in a repeating pattern• Lots of the same molecule
mixture
Can be physically separated
compound
Chemically bound
element
Chemically bound
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S T I C K I N G T O G E T H E R :
• Cohesion- force that holds molecules of a material together
• Adhesion- force that holds different substances together
Water drop and water drop
Water drop and paper
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D I S S O L V I N G
• Water is a solvent- it dissolves solutes of solids, liquids & gases
• Solute- substance that dissolves• Solution- mixture of solvent and solute
http://www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_solution.html
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W A T E R• universal solvent- most substances will dissolve
in itWHY?
• Polar- have two areas that have opposite charges
negative near the oxygen b/c of unshared electrons
positive near hydrogens fully shared electrons
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S O L U T I O N SSolubility: ability of a solute to dissolve in a solvent at a certain temperature-Looks like a single substance; particles spread out evenly until the point of saturation
• Concentration: amount of solute dissolved in a solvent• Dilute: less solute• Concentrated: lots of solute
• Saturation: no more solute can be dissolved in the solvent
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M I X T U R E S
Combination of two or more substances that are NOT chemically combined• No chemical change• Can be separated
1. Filter: use a sieve to separate liquid from larger particles
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S U S P E N S I O N S
Suspension-Mixture in which particles of a material are dispersed throughout a liquid or gas but are large enough that they settle out
muddy water
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C O L L O I D
Colloid-mixture in which particles are dispersed throughout but are not heavy enough to settle out
milk, mayonaise, gelatin, whipped cream
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Pure Substance
Element Compound
Mixture
Homogeneous Mixture
Heterogeneous Mixture
Carbon COxygen O
Salt NaClSugar C H OWater H O
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2 12 22 11 Solution Alloy
SaltwaterNaCl + H O
Brass Cu + ZnBronze Cu + SnSteel Fe + C
SaladConglomerate
CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER
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