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• Chemical and/or Physical breakdown of rock
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Physical Weathering
• (mechanical)
• breakdown of rock into smaller pieces– Does not involve a
chemical change in the rock
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Frost Action/Wedging
• alternate freezing and thawing due to the expansion of water when freezes = potholes
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b. Abrasion
– Rounding of rocks due to the rocks hitting each other
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c. Root Action
• Roots wedge and grow in rocks
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d. Exfoliation
• Large sheets of loosened rock peel away
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Chemical Weathering
• Breakdown of rock due to a chemical change in the rock
• Often requires water
• The higher the temperature, the faster the chemical weathering
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a. Oxidation
Iron + Oxygen iron oxide, (commonly called rust)
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b. Carbonation
• Carbon dioxide + water = carbonic acid (in rain) – a weak acid
• Slowly dissolves Limestone and Marble
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Karst Topography
CavesandSinkholes
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• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tQvv8YFCGsY
• Karst and corvettes
• http://blog.hemmings.com/index.php/2014/02/12/breaking-news-eight-cars-damaged-by-sinkhole-at-the-national-corvette-museum/?refer=news
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c. Hydration
• Water plus other minerals
• Ex. Feldspar + water will slowly change into clay
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1. Particle Size/Surface Area exposed at Surface
• The more surface area exposed, the ________ the weatheringquicker
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Why will smaller particles weather faster?
Which will weather faster and why?
Pebbles Sand Silt Clay
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2. Mineral Composition
a. The harder the rock, the longer it takes to break down
b. Calcite/Limestone >> dissolves in acidic water
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Which layer, X or Y is more resistantto weathering?
Y, is hasn’t weathered as much
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3. Climate
• A. Warm, moist climate >>>
• B. Moist with temperature variations of freezing and thawing >>>