Semester I Exam Review 2014
Chapters 1-4
Which is the sugar component of a DNA nucleotide?
A. Deoxyribose B. Adenine C. Glucose D. Phosphate
A. Deoxyribose
Which substances are components of a DNA nucleotide?
A. Ribose, phosphate, and uracil B. Phosphate, ribose, and adenine C. Phosphate, deoxyribose, and
uracil D. Thymine, deoxyribose, and
phosphate
D. Thymine, deoxyribose, and phosphate
The individuality of an organism is determined by the organism’s
Nitrogenous bases Transfer RNA molecules DNA nucleotide sequence Amino acids
DNA nucleotide sequence
Which two bases are present in equal amounts in a double-stranded DNA molecule?
Cytosine and thymine Adenine and thymine Adenine and uracil Cytosine and uracil
Adenine and thymine
During DNA replication, which enzyme is responsible for “unzipping” the DNA molecule?
DNA polymerase DNA restriction enzymes DNA ligase DNA helicase
DNA helicase
A human DNA segment was inserted into a bacterial cell and became incorporated into the bacterial DNA. This technique is an example of
Cloning Genetic counseling Artificial selection Genetic engineering
Genetic engineering
Which technique is used to alter bacteria in such a way that they produce human insulin?
Hydrolysis DNA replication Recombinant DNA formation Genetic screening
Recombinant DNA formation
The insertion of a human DNA fragment into a bacterial cell might make it possible for
The bacterial cell to produce a human protein
The cloning of the human that donated that DNA fragment
Humans to become immune to an infection by this type of bacteria
The cloning of this type of bacteria
The bacterial cell to produce a human protein
Many diabetics are now using insulin that was made by certain bacteria. The ability of these bacteria to produce insulin was most likely the result of Using radiation to trigger mutations Genetic mapping of bacterial DNA to
activate the gene for insulin production Deleting many DNA segments from
bacterial DNA Inserting a portion of human DNA into
the ring-shaped DNA of bacteria
Inserting a portion of human DNA into the ring-shaped DNA of bacteria
A small amount of DNA was taken from a fossil of a mammoth found frozen in glacial ice. Genetic technology can be used to produce a large quantity of identical DNA from this mammoth’s DNA. In this technology, the original DNA sample is used to
a. stimulate differentiation in other mammoth cells.B. Act as a template for repeated replicationc. Provide fragments to replace certain human body chemicals.D. Trigger mitosis to obtain new base sequences
Act as a template for repeated replication
Scientists have cloned sheep, but not a human. The best explanation for this situation is that There are many ethical problems
involved in cloning humans The technology to clone humans has
not been explored Human reproduction is very different
from that of other mammals Cloning humans would take too long.
What is the genetically engineered curdling agent in the cheese lab?
Rennen Chymosin Buttermilk Whole Milk
Chymosin
Why did scientists produce recombinant rennin?
1. Produce large quantities. 2. Cheaper.
Biuret solution is an indicator for what substance?
Starch Glucose Fats Proteins
Proteins
What color does iodine turn in the presence of starch?
Rusty yellow. Clear Purple/blue Yellow/orange
Tomato plants in a garden are not growing well. The gardener hypothesizes that the soil is too acidic. To test this hypothesis accurately, the gardener could
Change the pH of the soil Plant seeds of a different kind of
plant Move the tomato plants to an area
with less sunlight Reduce the amount of water
available to the plant
Change the pH of the soil
To locate a specimen on a prepared slide, a student should begin with the low-power objective rather that the high-power objective because the
Field of vision is smaller under low power than under high power
Field of vision is larger under low power than under high power
Specimen does not need to be stained for observation under low power but must be stained for observation under high power
Portion of the specimen that can be observed under low power is less than the portion that can be observed under high power.
Field of vision is larger under low power than under high power
To measure 50 mL, which tool would be the most accurate?
Micropipet Pipet graduated cylinder Balance Microcentrifuge tube
Graduated cylinder
5 kg is equal to _______g
500 5000 0.005 0.0005
5000
Which group of measurements contains only metric units?
5 in, 3 kg, 40 oz
5 mm, 3 g, 40 lb
5 in, 3 lb, 40 mL
5 mm, 3 g, 40 mL
5 mm, 3 g, 40 mL
Which objective of a compound microscope would show the largest field of view?
20x 5x 10x 44x
5x
Proteins are synthesized from less complex organic compounds known as:
Carbons Starches Amino acids enzymes
Amino acids
In what organelle is DNA found?
Cytoplasm Nucleus Endoplasmic reticulum Lysosome
nucleus
Which enzyme “pastes” rDNA fragments together?
Transformation enzyme Restriction enzyme DNA ligase DNA polymerase Nuclease enzyme
DNA ligase
A product that has entered the product pipeline
Is ready for clinical testing to begin. Is being produced on a large scale by
the manufacturing department Has been determined safe and
effective Needs to be reviewed regularly with
a comprehensive product development plan.
Needs to be reviewed regularly with a comprehensive product development plan
Biotechnology research labs are commonly found at all of the following facilities except
Universities Medical clinics Companies Government agencies
Medical clinics
The primary goal in a biotechnology company is to
Engage in “pure science” Cure all the diseases of the world Publish results in scientific journals Provide a product of service that is
useful to society and results in earnings
Provide a product of service that is useful to society and results in earnings
What is meant by cell specialization?
Different cell lines (CHO & HeLa cells) are more suited to producing certain kinds of recombinant proteins.
Prokaryotic cells specialize in certain tasks and can therefore grow more rapidly than eukaryotic cells.
There is great cell variety in multicellular organisms in which different kinds of cells have different jobs to do.
All of the above
There is great cell variety in multicellular organisms in which different kinds of cells have different jobs to do
Which of the following is an expression of concentration units?
µg/µL
mg/mL
µM
All of these
all
As a solution becomes dilute
The proportion of solute to solvent increases
The proportion of solvent to solute increases
The normality of the solution shifts Re-ionization begins to occur
The proportion of solvent to solute increase
Nucleotides are bonded to each other on a nucleic acid by
Hydrogen bonds Antiparallel bonds Peptide bonds Phosphodiester bonds
Phosphodiester bonds
A circular plasmid was cut with a restriction enzyme & three bands were visualized after electrophoresis. How many cuts were made in the plasmid?
1 2 3 4
3
Which agarose concentration would work best for separating very large molecules? 3% 2% 0.8% All choices would work
.08%
During a DNA extraction, the purpose of smashing the fruit was to Break the phosphodiester bonds
between nucleotides Break open the nuclear membrane Break apart the cellulose in the plant
cells. Break apart the cell membrane.
Break apart the cellulose surrounding plant cells.
The types of cells commonly used in biotechnology are
Bacteria Yeast Chinese hamster ovary cells All of the above
all
Review micropipettor settings
P-1000 P-200 P-20
Metric conversions
After an enzyme cuts DNA into smaller pieces, this enzyme is responsible for gluing the new DNA pieces together
DNA ligase DNA helicase DNA emporase Restriction enzymes
DNA ligase
What is the total magnification of an object if you are using 10X oculars and 4X objective?
14X 400X 40X 4X
40X
In gel electrophoresis, what makes the DNA migrate through the gel during electrophoresis?
Water Gravity Salt Electricity
Electricity
In PCR, the purpose for the heating cycle is to
Kill the bacteria. Make the DNA glow. Separate the DNA strands. Move the DNA in the gel.
Separate the DNA strands
Antiparallel, with regard to DNA means that:
The strands cross each other The strands run parallel to each
other but run in opposite directions The strands run the same directions
and are parallel Strands run at right angles to each
other
The strands run parallel to each other but run in opposite directions
EcoRI is an example of which type of enzyme?
Restriction endonuclease RNA polymerase DNA polymerase DNA ligase
Restriction endonuclease