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Chapter 5: Industrialization
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Unit Essential Questions
1. How did the Industrial Revolution change life for Americans?
2. How did America become an industrial world leader?
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A. The Rise of Industry
1. Four main factors which contributed to
the success of industrialization
a. Natural resources
b. A large population to support market for new products = workforce
c. Explosion of inventions
d. Free Enterprise
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2. Plenty of Natural Resources
a. Coal, Iron ore, oil, timber
b. stateside/inexpensive
c. Drawbacks?
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3. Black Golda. Oil discovered in
Texasb. Edward Drake
develops easy system to drill for oil
c. Main usei. Keroseneii. Gasoline not in
demand until…
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Henry Ford’s First Auto
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Henry Ford’s Model T
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Model A
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4. Large Workforce
a. Population triples 1860-1910i. Large families, better standard of living
ii. Immigration: religious and political persecution in homelands
b. Increases consumer goods
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5. Inventions Promoting Change
a.Telephone:
Alexander Graham Bell
Today’s AT&T
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6. Electricity
a. Thomas Edison: perfects the light bulb, NOT the inventor; phonograph and electric generator
b. Both Edison and Westinghouse develop technique for transporting electricity
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B. Impact of Technology1. Better food due to refrigeration; lasts longer2. Fabrics made in factories = 3. Clothes standardized = no more sewing at
home; same w/shoes4. Telegraph across Atlantic ocean = improved
communication5. Scientific management- breaking down
tasks into small parts; standardizing (snowman)
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C. Free Enterprise1. Laissez-faire: gov’t does not interfere in
economic decisions; protects private property
2. Free market – supply and demand- and low taxes; competition/capitalism
3. Entrepreneurs (businessman) increased; invested in U.S. industry
4. Few taxes and regulation =increase economic growth
5. Tariffs - fees imposed on imported goods; protect American business owners from…