[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline
I. Functions of the Skeletal System
a. Support
b. Movement
c. Storage
d. Red blood cell production
e. Protection
II. Bone Tissue a. Compact Bone
b. Spongy Bone
c. Osteocytes
d. Periosteum
e. Endosteum
i. Osteoblasts –
ii. Osteoclasts –
1
[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline
III. Long Bone Anatomy
a. Proximal Epiphysis
b. Diaphysis
c. Distal Epiphysis
d. Medullary Cavity
i. Yellow Marrow
ii. Red Marrow
2
[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline
IV. Microscopic Anatomy of Bone (Osteons)
a. Lamella
b. Lacuna
c. Central Canals
d. Canaliculi
V. Bone Growth (Ossification)
a. Composition of embryonic bone
b. Direction of bony tissue growth
c. Epiphyseal plates
d. Epiphyseal line
3
[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline
VI. Divisions of the Skeleton
a. Axial Skeleton
b. Appendicular Skeleton
VII. Skull
a. Sutures
b. Fontanels
4
[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline
VIII.Sinuses
IX. Hyoid Bone
X. Middle Ear Bones
5
[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline
XI. Vertebral Column
a. Cervical
i. Atlas –
ii. Axis –
b. Thoracic
c. Lumbar
6
[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline
XII. Ribs and Sternum
a. Function
b. True Ribs
c. False Ribs
7
[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline
XIII.Appendicular Skeleton
8
[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline
XIV. Appendicular
9
[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline
10
[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline
11
[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline
XV. Classification of Bones
a. Long Bones
b. Short Bones
c. Flat Bones
d. Sesamoid Bones
e. Irregular Bones
XVI. Articulations
a. Synarthrosis
i. Example
b. Amphiarthrosis
i. Example
c. Diarthrosis
i. Example
12
[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline
XVII. Diarthrosis Joint Anatomy
a. Articular Cartilage
b. Synovial Membrane
c. Synovial Fluid
d. Ligaments
e. Menisci
13
[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline
14
[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline
XVIII. Types of Synovial Joints
a. Ball and Socket
i. Example:
b. Hinge
i. Example:
c. Condylar
i. Example:
d. Saddle
i. Example:
e. Gliding
i. Example:
f. Pivot
i. Example:
15
[Chapter 5 – Skeletal System] Anatomy Notes Outline
XIX. Injuries
a. Sprain
b. Dislocation
c. Simple/Closed Fracture
d. Compound/Open Fracture
e. Greenstick Fracture
f. Comminuted Fracture
XX. Bone Disorders
a. Brittle Bone Disease
b. Osteoporosis
c. Scoliosis
d. Osteoarthritis
16