Chapter 4: Carbon
Carbon Basics
Organic: Carbon-containing
Inorganic molecule examples?
Carbon atom: 6 protons, 6 electrons, 6 neutrons
4 electrons in valence shell (used for bonding)
Carbon Basics
Carbon has versatile bonding: rings, branches, chains (nonpolar!)
Bonds to itself more than any other element
Carbon Basics
Hydrocarbon chains are a fuel source
Release LOTS of energy as bonds are broken
Functional Groups
Chemical groups that affect molecular function as directly related to chemical reactions
Attached to organic molecules
Structures Fits Function
Molecules have characteristic size and shape that determine function
Ex: molecules with two atoms = linear
molecules with more than two atoms = complex
Shapes determines how biological molecules recognize and response to each other
Complementary molecules bind with weak bonds
Ex. endorphins vs. morphine
Morphine: Molecular Mimic
Isomers
Compounds have same number of atoms of same elements but different structures
Different structures = different properties
Enantiomer: Molecules are mirror images each other
Examples of Enantiomer
Thalidomide
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mrTHfBCduRA
Children of Thalidomide
Dr. Francis Oldham Kelsey
Functional Group Flashcards
pgs. 64-65
Chemical Group
Name
Structure
Basic function