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Chapter 2
Hardware
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Learning ObjectivesUpon successful completion of this chapter, you will be able to:• describe information systems hardware;• identify the primary components of a computer and the functions they perform;• explain the effect of the commoditization of the personal computer
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Hardware Defined
• Digital devices that you can touch:– Desktop computers– Laptop computers– Mobile phones– Tablets– E-readers– Storage devices such as USB drives– Input devices such as keyboard, mouse, scanners, or stylus– Output devices such as printers and speakers
• Digital devices process electronic signals in 1’s and 0’s– The physical parts of a computing device
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Understanding Binary
• Binary:
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Moore’s Law
• The number of transistors on a chip will double every 2 years.
• Or…The amount of computing power will double every 2 years.
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PC Components
Components of a PC:• Circuit board – also known as the motherboard that holds
the CPU, memory, and storage components• CPU (central processing unit) – carries out the commands
sent to it by the software and returns results– Faster is better
• Memory – temporary working area called random-access memory (RAM)– Applications are loaded into RAM to run faster– When computer is powered off, the RAM is cleared– Bigger is better
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Chapter 2: Hardware
Removable Media
Hard Disk and Solid State Drives
Case with Wiring
Sound Card
Power Supply
Graphics Card
Radiator and Cooling Fans
RAM
CPU and Water Block
Motherboard
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PC Components continued
• Storage – longer, permanent storage of data– Hard disk – permanently affixed to motherboard using
cables???– Removable media – USB drives that can be connected and
removed for use on a different computer– Bigger and faster is best
• Input/output devices – allows the addition of devices for input and output purposes via ports on the motherboard or today by USB– Keyboard for entering data– Printer for printing output
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Other Computing Devices
• Portable computers• Smartphones• Tablets• Mobile devices such as fitness trackers• Medical devices such as a
pacemaker/defibrillator• Everyday items – the Internet of Things
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Types of Wiring
• Wire Type – Port Type – Connected Evento CAT5 – Ethernet Port – Network/Internet to
Computero Serial ATA – SATA Port – Motherboard to Disk
Driveso USB Cable – USB Port – Peripherals to Computero HDMI – HDMI Port – High quality graphic displays
(Monitors) to Computer
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Sidebar: How can I make my computer fast?• RAM (Random-access Memory)• CPU (Central Processing Unit)
SPEED
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Other Computing Devices
• Portable Computers• Smartphones• Tablet Computers• Mobile Devices
• Integrated Computing• Transportation: Cars/Planes/Motorcycles• Appliances: Refrigerator/Thermostats
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Wired and Wireless Connectivity
• Wired devices have limited mobility because they must be directly connected via a wire to the network (either a closed network or the internet)
• Wireless devices have portable connectivity when paired with services like 3G/4G or Wi-fi
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Commoditization of the Personal Computer
• PC is a commodity– Little differentiation between computers.– Primary factor that controls their sale is the price.– Hundreds of manufacturers world-wide create parts for personal
computers.– Low profit margins on PCs push manufacturers to seek the
lowest-cost manufacturing.• Apple
– No open standards.– Unique product, not easily copied.– Apple can charge more.– Differentiation strategy. (more in Chapter 7.)
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Cloud Computing
• Makes powerful portable computing possible by utilizing cloud services
• Cloud services remove the burden of storage and operational ability from your device
• Potential for security issues as your documents are stored on a server
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E-Waste
• What is it?o Cell phoneso Remote Controlso Cables and Wireso Cartridge Gameso Consumer Electronics
• Hazardous Waste
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E-Waste Continued
• Who is it hurting?oEffects on Global Communities
• What do we do with it?• Where do we recycle?o www.epa.govo www.earthday.org
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Summary
• Described different types of hardware (more in networking);• Showed the primary components of a computer and the functions they perform;• Explained the effect of the commoditization of the personal computer.