Chapter 14.1

From Appeasement to War

Aggression Goes Unchecked p460

• Mussolini, Hitler, Japan aggressive• 1. Japan invades Manchuria and

China• League of Nations condemned but

no action

• 2. Italy invades Ethiopia• League of Nations condemns but no

action• 3. Hitler goes against Treaty of

Versailles• Built up military,• No action • Policy of appeasement

Checking for Understanding??

• What were the three countries that were militarily aggressive?

• What did Western democracies do ?

Keeping the Peace

• Why?• France –weak• England-too harsh on Germany• Both fear of Soviet Communism• *Pacifism-avoid war• *Appeasement-giving into demands

• Neutrality acts-US forbade selling arms to countries at war• Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis• Axis Powers• Goals-fight Soviet Communism and

allow territorial expansion

Spain Collapses Into Civil War

• Liberals vs. Conservatives• Francisco Franco- Fascist Nationalist

vs. Communist Loyalists• Axis backs Franco vs. Soviets back

Communists• 500,000 dead

• Battle of Guernica-Fascist Nazi help Franco committing atrocities• Franco dictator 1939

German Aggression Continues

• 1. Austria annexed (added to) by Germany• Anschluss-union of Austria and

Germany• Western Powers-no action

• 2. The Czech Crisis• Germany annexes the Sudetenland-

an area in western Czechoslavakia • Western Powers-no action and

request conference with Germany

Munich Conference

• France, Britain, and Germany • Agree to-• Germany gets Sudetenland• France and Britain get promise from

Germany that Hitler will stop aggression

“Peace in Our Time”

• Neville Chamberlin-Britain returns to England with “Peace for our Time” and is celebrated• Winston Churchill- They had to

choose between war and dishonor. They chose dishonor; they will have war

Europe Plunges Toward War

• Germany breaks promise 1939• Nazi- Soviet Pact- nonaggression pact

Hitler and Stalin• Both agree to share Poland and

Eastern Europe• Mistrust and fear

WWII Starts

• Invasion of Poland • Sept 1, 1939 by Germany• Britain and France declare war

“From Appeasement to War”