Download - Chapter 13 section 1
Chapter 13: Medieval Africa
Section 1: The Rise of African Civilizations
Africa’s GeographyDeserts – Sahara, Kalahari, Libyan, NamibMediterranean climate – Morocco, ZimbabweRain Forest – Congo BasinSavanna – most of the continent of
Africa2nd largest continent
Africa’s GeographyAlmost all of Africa is on a plateau
Great Rift Valley – earliest human fossils found
West African EmpiresBerbers – first settlers in North Africa
They traded with West Africans (400 B.C.)
Used Camels that were intro. by the RomansCamels – ships of the desertGold –Salt trade
West African EmpiresGhana400’sCrossroads of tradeTaxed tradersControlled people who owned gold mines, huge army, gold-salt trade
West African EmpiresGhana fell – new gold mines found, fighting, farmed too much
Mali – 1200’sGriots - storytellersSundiata – Lion prince
West African EmpiresMansa MusaPilgrimage to MeccaTimbuktu – center of learning
Songhai – 1330’sSunni AliLargest empire in West Africa
Rain Forest KingdomsBenin – Niger DeltaFounded 1440Food surpluses supported rulers and a class of artisans
Kongo – Congo BasinWeavers
East AfricaEthiopia – Sheba
Axum – city-stateTrade on the Red SeaKing Ezana – ChristianityArab sailors used dhows
East AfricaArab traders inter-married with African women – Swahili
Great ZimbabweLargest kingdom in East Africa – 1400’s
Trade - gold, copper ivoryStone walled city