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Cellular Respiration
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What is Cellular Respiration?
• Step-by-step breakdown of glucose molecules to release energy
• Produce ATP• Takes place day
and night in ALL LIVING CELLS
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Cellular Respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + EnergyC6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
Glucose + Oxygen Carbon Dioxide + Water + EnergyGlucose + Oxygen Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy
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Where does it occur?
• In the Cell Mitochondria
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Cellular Respiration3 Stages
• 3 Stages: Stage 1: Glycolysis
• O2 not required (anaerobic)
Stage 2: Krebs Cycle• O2 required (aerobic)
Stage 3: Electron Transport Chain• O2 required (aerobic)
2 ATPs
2 ATPs
32 ATPs
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GLYCOLYSIS
KREBSCYCLE
Insert 1 Glucose 2 energytokens
(ATP)
2 energytokens
32 energytokens
ELECTRONTRANSPORT CHAIN
-
---
---
-
reactants products
GLYCOLYSISglucose
Oxygen Water
2 ATP
2 NADH
2 NADH
6 NADH
2 FADH22 ATP
32 ATP
KREBSCYCLE
ELECTRONTRANSPORTCHAIN
glucose derivatives
carbon dioxide
carbon dioxide
cytosol
mitochondrion
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Types of Cellular Respiration
1. Aerobic Occurs in the presence of oxygen Breaks down glucose completely Releases large amounts energy 36 ATP
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Types of Cellular Respiration
2. Anaerobic Occurs when there is no oxygen
available Partially breaks down glucose Releases very small amount of energy 2 ATP
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Fermentation
• Anaerobic process that follows Glycolysis when there is NO OXYGEN
• Provides a means to continue producing ATP until Oxygen is available
• Does NOT produce and additional ATP
• JUST keeps GLYCOLYSIS going over & over
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GLUCOSE
Glycolysis
Aerobic Respiration
Fermentation(anaerobic)
Krebs
Cycle
ElectronTranspor
tChain
2 ATP
ATP
ATP
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Fermentation
• Lactic Acid Fermentation Occurs in animal muscle cells Produces Lactic Acid as waste Only oxygen can get rid of lactic acid
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Fermentation
• Alcoholic Fermentation Plants, Yeast & Bacteria Ethyl alcohol is produced as waste-product Basis of wine & beer industry Bread making (rise)
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Respiration vs. Photosynthesis
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + EnergyC6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
C6H12O6 + 6O2C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
Respiration:Respiration:
Photosynthesis:Photosynthesis:
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PHOTOSYNTHESIS
A. The process by which light energy is used to make simple sugars (glucose)
B. Producers/Autotrophs the type of organisms that perform photosynthesis
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Photosynthesis Equation
Light Energy + 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2
aka
SUN + Carbon Dioxide + Water Glucose + Oxygen
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Starting Materials
1. Carbon obtained from carbon dioxide taken in from air
2. Light from SUN
3. Water absorbed
through roots
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PRODUCTS
1. Glucose C6H12O6 used for energy
2. Oxygen released into atmosphere as waste
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TWO STAGES
A. Light Dependent Reactions
1. Requires sunlight
2. Traps light energy in chlorophyll
3. Forms ATP
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TWO STAGES
B. Calvin Cycle
1. Does NOT require sunlight
2. Glucose is made using ATP from 1st stage
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Plant Cell Structure
• Chloroplast – organelle in plant cell, site of photosynthesis
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Plant Cell Structure
• Chlorophyll- pigment in chloroplast that absorbs ALL but green light
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• Microscopic view of plant cells
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Cellular Respiration vs. Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration
Energy from sun stored in glucose Energy in glucose released
Carbon dioxide: Carbon dioxide:
Oxygen: Oxygen:
Produces: Produces:
Requires Light Does Not require Light
Occurs only in: Occurs in:
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Cellular Respiration vs. Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration
Food (glucose) Produced Food (glucose) broken down
Energy from sun stored in glucose Energy in glucose released
Carbon dioxide: Carbon dioxide:
Oxygen: Oxygen:
Produces: Produces:
Requires Light Does Not require Light
Occurs only in: Occurs in:
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Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration
Food (glucose) Produced Food (glucose) broken down
Energy from sun stored in glucose Energy in glucose released
Carbon dioxide: Taken In Carbon dioxide: Given Off (released)
Oxygen: Oxygen:
Produces: Produces:
Requires Light Does Not require Light
Occurs only in: Occurs in:
Cellular Respiration vs. Photosynthesis
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Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration
Food (glucose) Produced Food (glucose) broken down
Energy from sun stored in glucose Energy in glucose released
Carbon dioxide: Taken In Carbon dioxide: Given Off (released)
Oxygen: Given Off (released) Oxygen: Taken In
Produces: Produces:
Requires Light Does Not require Light
Occurs only in: Occurs in:
Cellular Respiration vs. Photosynthesis
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Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration
Food (glucose) Produced Food (glucose) broken down
Energy from sun stored in glucose Energy in glucose released
Carbon dioxide: Taken In Carbon dioxide: Given Off (released)
Oxygen: Given Off (released) Oxygen: Taken In
Produces: Sugar (glucose) Produces: Water & Carbon Dioxide
Requires Light Does Not require Light
Occurs only in: Occurs in:
Cellular Respiration vs. Photosynthesis
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Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration
Food (glucose) Produced Food (glucose) broken down
Energy from sun stored in glucose Energy in glucose released
Carbon dioxide: Taken In Carbon dioxide: Given Off (released)
Oxygen: Given Off (released) Oxygen: Taken In
Produces: Sugar (glucose) Produces: Water & Carbon Dioxide
Requires Light Does Not require Light
Occurs only in: organisms that contain chlorophyll
Occurs in: ALL living cells
Cellular Respiration vs. Photosynthesis