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Review of the Cell TheoryReview of the Cell Theory
3 statements make up the cell theory:
1.All living things are composed of one or more cells.
2.Cells are the basic structural and functional units of life.
3.All cells arise from the division of other cells.
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The MicroscopeThe MicroscopeThere are many different types of
microscopes, we will learn about 4 types.
1.The Simple Light Microscope
2.The Compound Microscope
3.The Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
4.The Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
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1. The Simple Light Microscope1. The Simple Light MicroscopeHand held, made of a
single lens
Used by 17th century biologist Anton van Leeuwenhoek
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2. The Compound Light 2. The Compound Light MicroscopeMicroscope 2 lenses: ocular and objective
Illuminated with a bulb
Total Magnification = ocular x objective
Cannot resolve parts of a specimen closer together than 200 nm
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3. Transmission Electron 3. Transmission Electron MicroscopeMicroscope
An invisible beam of electrons pass through a very thin specimen
Specimen is coated in plastic and shaved very thin...only dead specimens!
Designed and built in 1937 at U of T
Magnify 5 000 000 x and resolve up to 0.2nm
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TEM cont’dTEM cont’d
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4. Scanning Electron Microscope4. Scanning Electron MicroscopeThicker, whole specimens can be
usedThin stream of electrons scans
surface of specimen to produce a 3D image
Less mag and resolution than TEM, but greater contrast and depth
Mag up to 300 000x and resolution of 10nm
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SEM cont’dSEM cont’d