CCS–Ready in Thailand: A Progress Report
CCS – Ready Workshop
6th Asia Clean Energy Forum
ADB, Manila
22 June 2011
Witsarut Thungsuntonkhun
Senior Petroleum Engineer
Department of Mineral Fuels
Ministry of Energy, Thailand
Scope
Thailand’s initiatives to mitigate GHG emission
Potential for CCS
Challenges to implementing CCS
Actions needed to prepare for CCS deployment
Thailand Energy Consumption (2009)
4
CO2 Emission in the Energy Sector: 198 Mt in 2009
Source: Derived from DEDE Energy Situation Report, Thailand
Manufacturing22%
Power Generation
41%
Transport28%
Commercial & Residential
4%
Others5%
Potential CO2
source for CCS
Thailand CCS Working Group
ONEP,TGO
Department of Mineral Fuels
Thailand Energy Policy
GHG Emission Mitigation Initiatives
Thai government has set up a national strategic plan on climate change (2008-201) with a broad framework to deal with GHG mitigation and climate change adaptation; a 10-year national action plan is being drafted
Although Thailand has not committed to a target for CO2 reduction, it is voluntarily undertaking several policies and measures to reduce carbon emissions.
Examples of GHG Emission Mitigation Policies and Measures
Power Development Plan (PDP2010) (2010 – 2030)
Aims to reduce CO2 emission factor (CO2 per unit of electricity generated) by increasing the use of renewables, imported hydropower and introducing 5,000 MW nuclear power (postponed after the Fukushima incident), as well as higher efficiency coal power plants (7,200 MW)
Adds 30,000 MW to the grid (now 30,000 MW)
Examples of GHG Emission Mitigation Policies and Measures
Alternative Energy Development Plan (2008 – 2022)
Targets to increase the share of modern renewable energy to 14% and the share of compressed natural gas for vehicles to 6% of total final energy consumption by 2022
Renewables: mainly biomass for heat and power, biofuels, and increasingly solar and wind
Examples of GHG Emission Mitigation Policies and Measures
Energy Conservation Plan (2011 – 2030)
Aims to increase energy efficiency by reducing energy intensity (energy consumption per GDP) by 25% by 2030 with 2005 as the base year, i.e. from 16 to 12 ktoe/billion baht GDP (1 USD ~ 30 baht)
Requires a reduction in energy demand of 30,000 ktoe in 2030 or 20% of the projected demand
CO2 Emission Sources: Potential CCS
Power Industry
Natural Gas Processing Industry
Cement Industry
Oil and Gas Industry
Require comprehensive
study on CCSR concept
Potential CO2 Sinks
Source: ADB DM TA 7575
Depleted oil and gas reservoirs
Lack of information on saline aquifers and coal seam
Require comprehensive study on
injectivity.
- Carbonate reservoirs (NE area)
- Highly faulted reservoirs
Challenges CCS is a very new issue, not many governments including
Thai’s government has developed rule and regulations as same
as assigned designated agency on CCS.
Though Thai energy sector is increasingly interested in CCS, as
can be seen by the participation in CCS studies, however, the
CCS technology is still not cost attractive and technology risk
Public Participation and Public Awareness is one of the critical
issues to implement CCS. Currently, knowledge on CCS for
public consider at minimum level
Actions Needed
Capacity building on CCS technology, rule & regulation for
policy and planning, regulation and oversight, and technical
personnel
Develop a CCS roadmap: policy, regulatory framework, and
assigned designated authority
Develop public education and awareness campaign on CCS
to engage public participation at early stage
Thank you for your attention
