![Page 1: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
CATALYSTCATALYST
Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = ShortPerson. T = Tall, t = Short
Mr. Gibney will start this on board Mr. Gibney will start this on board promptly when bell ringspromptly when bell rings
CURRENT EVENT BY FRIDAY!!!!CURRENT EVENT BY FRIDAY!!!!
![Page 2: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
HOMEWORK REVIEWCURRENT EVENTS (I will give
you till Wednesday)
-HELP US See Science in everyday life
![Page 3: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
“Very nice résumé. Leave a sample of your DNA with my
secretary.”
![Page 5: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Gibney Bucks Review!!!
How do mitosis and meiosis differ? How are people either male or female? What is DNA? What is replication? What is transcription? What is translation? When is Reading day this week?
STUDY
ROCK THIS CLASS
YOU CAN BRING YOUR GRADE UP IF YOU TRY!
![Page 6: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Think for a second about the most crazy thing you have ever
seen…
![Page 7: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
when something like THIS could be
possible…
Imagine in the future…
![Page 8: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The future is now…
![Page 9: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
WELCOME TO
GENETICS!!!
![Page 10: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Follow Along
• In Book Ch 10
• Fill in guided notes as we go along and if you miss something… check out the book!
![Page 11: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
•WHY THIS IS IMPORTANT!!!!!!
![Page 12: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
GENETICSthe study of how
traits are passed from one generation to the
next
![Page 13: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
TRAITa characteristic
Examples:Plant size, seed color, pod shape
![Page 14: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
TRAITS YOU TRAITS YOU MIGHT MIGHT HAVE…HAVE…
![Page 15: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Can you curl Can you curl your tongue?your tongue?
Can you wiggle Can you wiggle your ears?your ears?
Can you raise Can you raise just one just one eyebrow?eyebrow?
USA: 82% YesUSA: 82% Yes
USA: 27% YesUSA: 27% Yes
USA: 64% YesUSA: 64% Yes
![Page 16: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
GENESGENESEach feature of the pea plants is controlled by a Each feature of the pea plants is controlled by a
genegene. It may have a gene that controls its color, . It may have a gene that controls its color, another for size and another for shape.another for size and another for shape.
![Page 17: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
GENEthe factors that control traits
(found in the DNA)
![Page 18: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Above you see chromosomes. The circled area is a gene on chromosome #22. The
absence of this gene causes velo-cardio-facial syndrome (VCFS) which may
cause ADD and mental illness
![Page 19: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
ALLELESALLELESEach gene comes in different forms called Each gene comes in different forms called allelesalleles, ,
so the gene that controls flower color may come so the gene that controls flower color may come in two alleles: purple and white.in two alleles: purple and white.
![Page 20: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
ALLELESdifferent forms
of a gene
![Page 21: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
PURPLE MAN EATER PLANT PURPLE MAN EATER PLANT EXAMPLEEXAMPLE
Traits: 6ft tall, purple, eats peopleTraits: 6ft tall, purple, eats people Genes that control these traits are on Genes that control these traits are on
Chromosome 17Chromosome 17 Each of the three genes has different Each of the three genes has different
alleles: Can be 6ft tall or 3 ft tall, purple or alleles: Can be 6ft tall or 3 ft tall, purple or orange, eat people or vegetarianorange, eat people or vegetarian
![Page 23: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
GREGOR MENDEL The “father” of genetics Lived from 1822-1884 Austrian Monk Published his work in
1866, but no one took him seriously until 1900.
Studied Pea Plants!
![Page 24: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
MENDEL’S EXPERIMENTS
![Page 25: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Mendel experimented with 7 different characteristics
![Page 26: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Mendel Got Lucky for 2 Big Reasons1. First, he had a lot of time…he
was a monk. This let him do LOTS of experiments with the peas!
2. Each trait had 2 options. This was key because he could tell if it was one way or the other.
![Page 27: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
VOCABULARY
• "Think! How the hell are you gonna think and hit at the same time?"
![Page 28: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
HOMOZYGOUS organism with two identical alleles for
the same trait(TT or tt)
![Page 29: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
HETEROZYGOUS organism with two different alleles for
the same trait(Tt)
![Page 30: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
DOMINANTallele that is expressed when in the presence of a recessive allele
(TT or Tt = tall)
![Page 31: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
RECESSIVEallele that is expressed
only when homozygous(tt = short)
![Page 32: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
PHENOTYPEphysical
characteristics(Tall, Brown)
![Page 33: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
GENOTYPEthe genetic makeup
(TT, TtHh)
![Page 34: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
GENE = Height
ALLELE = Tall, Short
Gene is represented by the letter “t”
Dominant = TRecessive = t
Remember you need 2 copies of every gene!!!
![Page 35: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
How can we determine what the offspring are going to be?
![Page 36: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
PUNNETT SQUARES
![Page 37: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Reginald C. Punnett
• Inventor of the Punnett Square
![Page 38: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
PUNNETT SQUARES
chart showing the possible combination
of alleles in a cross
![Page 39: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
![Page 40: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
![Page 41: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Punnett Squares show the
probability of getting a certain type of offspring
![Page 42: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
![Page 43: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
THE PARENTSGENOTYPES• DAD = Tt (heterozygous)• MOM = Tt (heterozygous)
PHENOTYPES• DAD = Tall• MOM = Tall
![Page 44: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
PUNNETT SQUARES
![Page 45: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
THE OFFSPRING
• TT (homozygous dominant)
• Tt (heterozygous)
• Tt (heterozygous)
• tt (homozygous recessive)
GENOTYPES
1TT:2Tt:1tt (1:2:1)
![Page 46: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
THE OFFSPRING
• TT (tall)
• Tt (tall)
• Tt (tall)
• tt (short)
PHENOTYPES
3 Tall :1 Short (3:1)
![Page 47: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
STUDENT DEMOS UP FRONT
• Do student demonstration with genotypes
• Do bag demonstration with beans tomorrow
![Page 48: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Cross a homozygous dominant with a recessive
(for height where T is dominant and tall).
Find the genotype and the phenotype
![Page 49: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Cross a heterozygote with a recessive (for height where T
is dominant and tall).
Find the genotype and the phenotype
![Page 50: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Cross a heterozygote with another heterozygote (for
skin color where Black is B, b = white).
Find the genotype and the phenotype
![Page 51: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Cross a heterozygote with another heterozygote (for
nose size where big nose is N and small nose is n).
Find the genotype and the phenotype
![Page 52: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
• When you flip a quarter, what are the odds that a coin turns up heads? What about when you flip two coins at the same time, what are the odds that both turns up heads?
• Coin Flip Lab
• Coin 1 Coin 2 HeadsTailsHeadsTails % Heads% Tails% Heads% Tails
![Page 53: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
A cross between an unknown and a
homozygous recessive
Test Cross
![Page 54: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Example of a Test Cross
Unknown
![Page 55: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
When a combination of the dominant and recessive creates a new phenotype. RR = red,
rr = white, and Rr = pink
Codominance
![Page 56: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Codominance
RR Rr rr
![Page 57: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Codominance Cross
![Page 58: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Codominance Cross
![Page 59: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
a trait that is found on either the X or Y
chromosome
Sex Linked Trait
![Page 60: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Hemophilia is an example of a sex
linked trait.
![Page 61: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
a disease where your blood doesn’t clot.
Hemophilia
![Page 62: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Hemophilia only occurs when all of the
X chromosomes have a copy of the recessive
gene.
![Page 63: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
XHXh:female carrier XhXh:female hemophiliac
XHY:normal male XhY:hemophiliac male
![Page 64: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
![Page 65: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
![Page 66: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
SICKLE CELL ANEMIA
![Page 67: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Difference between normal cells & sickle cells
![Page 68: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Sickle Cell
ss = sickle cells
(lethal)
Ss = carrier (SC trait)
SS = normal
![Page 69: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Sickle Cells tend to get stuck easily in the circulatory system.
![Page 70: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
![Page 71: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Why would African American’s be so
much more likely to have Sickle Cell?
![Page 72: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
![Page 73: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
![Page 74: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Regular red blood cells infected by malaria
![Page 75: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
chart that shows the relationships within a family
PEDIGREE
![Page 76: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
![Page 77: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Pedigree Basics• Males are squares, females are circles, and
unborn babies are triangles or octagons
• Shaded figures represent individuals with the trait, a carrier could be 1/2 shaded
• Generations are numbered with roman numerals (I, II, II, IV) from top to bottom
• People within generations are numbered (1,2,3) from left to right
![Page 78: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
PEDIGREE HELP!!!!
![Page 79: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
200 B.C.Humans “clone” trees by cuttings
![Page 80: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
1950Humans clone frogs
![Page 81: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
1980’s Humans clone mice!
![Page 82: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
1997HUMANS CLONE SHEEP!!!
![Page 83: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
1998 Humans clone 8 copies of a cow!!!
![Page 84: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
20??
![Page 85: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
moving genes from one chromosome of one
organism to the chromosome of another
GENETIC ENGINEERING
![Page 86: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
“Fat” Gene
![Page 87: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
making an exact copy of another cell
/ organism
CLONING
![Page 88: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
Dolly—the first cloned sheep
Ian Wilmut, the dude that
did it
![Page 89: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
Check out this short movie that talks about cloning…
![Page 90: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
A dividing cell
![Page 91: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
![Page 92: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
Read NYTimes Article "Despite Warnings, 3 Vow to Go Ahead on Human Cloning"
a. What did three proponents of human cloning announce on August 7, 2001?
b. Where did they make this announcement? c. Why did some scientists at the symposium object
to the proponents' announcement? d. Why did Dr. Alan Colman object to the research
by these proponents being done in secret? e. According to the article, what was the consensus
among the panel and most of those who testified before it?
![Page 93: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/93.jpg)
Read NYTimes Article "Despite Warnings, 3 Vow to Go Ahead on Human Cloning" f. Who was "Dolly"?g. What animals have been successfully cloned? h. According to the article, what is involved in cloning a human? i. How did the three proponents say they would
address the possibility of genetic abnormalities? j. How did other experts at the symposium respond
to this statement? k. Why do the proponents need to conduct their
research secretly?
![Page 94: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/94.jpg)
•http://www.biology.washington.edu/bsa/karyotypeS.html
•http://worms.zoology.wisc.edu/zooweb/Phelps/karyotype.html
•http://www.biology.arizona.edu/human_bio/activities/karyotyping/karyotyping.html
•http://www.pathology.washington.edu/galleries/Cytogallery/cytogallery.html
•http://www.biology.iupui.edu/biocourses/N100/2k2humancsomaldisorders.html
![Page 95: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/95.jpg)
A technique used to determine the genetic traits of a baby before
it is born
AMNIOCENTESIS
![Page 96: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/96.jpg)
![Page 97: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/97.jpg)
![Page 98: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/98.jpg)
![Page 99: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/99.jpg)
![Page 100: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/100.jpg)
Klinefelter Syndrome• Have male genitalia and internal ducts, but
underdeveloped testes
• Do not produce sperm
• Slight enlargement of the breasts
• 47,XXY
• 1 out of every 500 male births
![Page 101: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/101.jpg)
Turner Syndrome• Has female external genitalia
• Underdeveloped ovaries
• Short (under 5 feed)
• Webbed Neck
• Broad, Shield-like chest
• 45,X
• 1 out of every 3000 female births
![Page 102: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
Cri-du-Chat Syndrome• Partial monosomy (part of 1 chromosome is lost)• Loss of about 1/3 of the short arm of chromosome
5• Anatomical malfomrations (gastrointestinal and
cardiac complications)• Mentally retarded• Abnormal development of the larynx which makes
the baby’s cry sound like a cat’s cry• 1 in 50,000 live births
![Page 103: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/103.jpg)
Down Syndrome• BKA trisomy 21 (47, 21+); 3 copies of the 21st chromosome• Short• Small round heads• Protruding, furrowed tongues which cause mouth to remain partially
open• Retarded (IQ below 70)• Shortened life expectancy (<50)• Prone to reparatory disease and heart malformations• Have 15x higher chance of getting leukemia• Chance of having a baby with Down syndrome goes up as the mother
gets older
![Page 104: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/104.jpg)
![Page 105: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/105.jpg)
![Page 106: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/106.jpg)
Guided Notes Mini-Clinical: 10ptsGuided Notes Mini-Clinical: 10pts I meant to start these backup again but got I meant to start these backup again but got
caught up in the excitement of getting a caught up in the excitement of getting a room.room.
On a clean sheet of paper answer the On a clean sheet of paper answer the following… you may use your notesfollowing… you may use your notes
![Page 107: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/107.jpg)
1.1. How do the base pairs in DNA matchup?How do the base pairs in DNA matchup?
2.2. What is the difference between DNA and What is the difference between DNA and RNA?RNA?
3.3. How do transcription and translation differ?How do transcription and translation differ?
4.4. Name 2 scientists that we talked about who Name 2 scientists that we talked about who helped “discover” DNAhelped “discover” DNA
5.5. Draw the pathway from DNA to protein.Draw the pathway from DNA to protein.
![Page 108: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/108.jpg)
TRADE N GRADETRADE N GRADE
How do the base pairs in DNA matchup?How do the base pairs in DNA matchup? A-T, G-CA-T, G-C
![Page 109: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/109.jpg)
![Page 110: CATALYST Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid cross for a Heterozygous Tall person and a Homozygous Short Person. T = Tall, t = Short Catalyst: Complete a dihybrid](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649d3f5503460f94a18a47/html5/thumbnails/110.jpg)
Pedigree Basics• Males are squares, females are circles, and
unborn babies are triangles or octagons
• Shaded figures represent individuals with the trait, a carrier could be 1/2 shaded
• Generations are numbered with roman numerals (I, II, II, IV) from top to bottom
• People within generations are numbered (1,2,3) from left to right