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APWA Florida Chapter Annual Meeting & Trade Show
Tampa, Florida April 3, 2012
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• Reviewed Lakeland’s Current Manual System
• Illustrated Worker Safety Issues • Identified Benefits of Automation • Evaluated Automation and 1 Time
Collection in Florida • Phase-In Plan • Communication Plan • Alternatives for Alley Collection
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Services
• Residential Collection
• Garbage / Household Waste
• Bulk Waste
• Yard Waste
• Recyclables Collection
• Commercial Waste Collection
• Rolloff Container Services
Staffing
• 85 FTE
• 15% annual employee turnover (residential service)
Equipment
• 26 to 27 trucks in operation daily (residential services)
• Rear Loader: 14 – 15;
• Recycling: 6
• Bulk Waste: 5
• Appliance: 1
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Ranking Profession Deaths Per 100,000
Workers Number of Deaths
1 Fisherman 111.8 38
2 Loggers 86.4 87
3 Aircraft Pilots 66.7 82
4 Iron and Steelworkers 45.5 40
5 Farmers and Ranchers 38.4 285
6 Roofers 29.4 79
7 Electrical Workers 24.1 30
8 Truckers (includes some solid waste) 26.2 904
9 Solid Waste Collectors 22.8 18
10 Police Officers and Sheriffs 21.4 143
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• Rear load collection comes with inherent danger – 1999 to 2008 Workers Compensation Statistics:
• No. of Claims: 2,639 totaling $1,205,356
• Automated collection provides the safest work environment for solid waste collectors
• Eliminates safety issues associated with manual pickups
$-
$10,000.00
$20,000.00
$30,000.00
$40,000.00
$50,000.00
$60,000.00
$70,000.00
$80,000.00
FY 98/99 FY 99/00 FY 00/01 FY 01/02 FY 02/03 FY 03/04 FY 04/05 FY 05/06 FY 06/07 FY 07/08 FY 08/09
Workers Comp (Residential)
Workers Comp (Division wide)
Log. (Workers Comp (Residential))
Automated System Conversion begins 2001
Source: City of Dunedin, FL
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Residents
• Convenient and easy method
• City-provided wheeled containers more maneuverable and safer
• Hinging lids contain odors
• Keeps rodents and pets out of trash
• Cleaner neighborhoods / reduces litter
• Multi-size containers encourages recycling
City
• Improves efficiency
• Reduces worker injuries
• Lowers staff turnover rate
• Reduced Worker’s Compensation claims
• Reduced Carbon Footprint
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56% of
Florida’s Top 35 Cities are Automated
67% are
Municipally Owned
of which
**Excluding Jacksonville/
Duval County: 65%
(by population)
Pop Rank
City Population* Automated Garbage
Garbage Container Size Frequency
Yes No 1x/2x
1 Jacksonville** 852,450 x 20-32-gal 1x
2 Miami 395,434 x 96-gal 2x
3 Tampa 336,264 x Roll-out Cart 2x
4 St. Petersburg 253,369 x 300/90-gal 2x
5 Orlando 228,765 x 96-gal 2x
6 Hialeah 228,528 x Any 2x
7 Ft. Lauderdale 179,971 x 65-gal 2x
8 Tallahassee 176,429 x 96-gal 1x
9 Cape Coral 164,523 x 35-gal max 1x
10 Port St. Lucie 155,315 x 32-gal max 2x
11 Pembroke Pines 152,888 x 35/65/95-gal 2x
12 Hollywood 142,943 x 96-gal 2x
13 Coral Springs 129,766 x 32-gal max 2x
14 Gainesville 122,671 x 20/35/64/96-gal 1x
15 Miramar 111,705 x 39-gal 2x
16 Clearwater 110,469 x 90-gal 2x
17 Miami Gardens 109,200 x 96-gal 2x
18 West Palm Beach 105,068 x 96-gal 2x
19 Palm Bay 101,793 x 32-gal max 2x
20 Pompano Beach 101,128 x 32-gal max 2x
21 Miami Beach 93,721 x Any 2x
22 LAKELAND 93,428 x 35-gal max 2x
23 Davie 93,428 x 96-gal 2x
24 Sunrise 89,633 x 32-gal max 2x
25 Deltona 86,540 x 35/45-gal 1x
26 Plantation 85,349 x Blue bags/96-gal 2x
27 Boca Raton 85,296 x 42-gal max 2x
28 Melbourne 78,386 x x 40-gal 2x
29 Largo 75,924 x 90-gal 2x
30 Deerfield Beach 75,829 x 64-gal 2x
31 Palm Coast 70,376 x 32-gal max 2x
32 Ft. Myers 67,851 x 90-gal 1x
33 Boynton Beach 66,872 x Cart 2x
34 Daytona Beach 64,370 x 96-gal 2x
35 Delray Beach 64,360 x 36/65/95-gal 2x
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67% of
Polk County Jurisdictions are Automated
56% have
Once a Week Collection
and
Pop Rank
Jurisdiction Population* Automated Garbage Garbage Container Size Frequency
Yes No 1x/2x
1
Unincorporated Polk County 362,801 x 35-gal max 2x
2 LAKELAND 93,428 x 35-gal max 2x
3 Winter Haven 33,569 Semi-auto 65-gal 2x
4 Haines City 18,748 x 95-gal 1x
5 Bartow 16,515 x 40/60/90-gal 2x
6 Auburndale 13,883 Semi-auto 95-gal 1x
7 Lake Wales 13,039 x 35/65/95-gal 1x
8 Ft. Meade 5,987 x 35-gal max 2x
9 Lake Alfred 4,517 x 32-gal max 2x
10 Mulberry 3,495 x 95-gal 1x
11 Dundee 3,324 x x 35/95-gal 1x/2x
12 Frostproof 2,900 x 95-gal 1x
13 Eagle Lake 2,702 x 95-gal 1x
14 Davenport 2,439 x 35-gal max 2x
15 Polk City 1,798 x 65/95-gal 1x
16 Lake Hamilton 1,405 x 95-gal 1x
17 Hillcrest Heights 262 x 95-gal 1x
18 Highland Park 244 x 35-gal max 2x
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Tallahassee Leon County 272,497 Columbia
County 52,156
Alachua County 101,950
Jacksonville/Duval County 879,235
Putnam County 58,317
Volusia County 115,720
St. Johns County 145,025
Lake County 151,734
Sarasota County 249,601
Lee County 308,667
Jackson County 33,191
Charlotte County 143,363
*Polk County implements once weekly garbage collection October 1, 2010
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• Automation reduces staff requirements (26) for residential program
• Residential System – 15% employee turnover • Phase-In approach leverages attrition
Year Starting #
Employees Turnover
Rate Annual Attrition
Ending # Employees
1 58 15% 8.7 52
2 52 15% 7.8 46
3 46 15% 6.9 36
4 36 15% 5.4 32
FY 10 FY11 FY 12 FY 13 FY 14
Driver III - 4 7 10 12
Driver II 15 12 9 5 4
Driver I 10 9 9 8 6
Collector 33 27 21 13 10
Total Residential 58 52 46 36 32
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Current Manual System
• Increases exposure to risk
• Requires greater level of manpower
• Results in higher employee turnover
Automated Collection System
• Safe and more attractive neighborhoods
• Creates a safe and healthy work environment for employees
• Allows for once-weekly collection when coupled with strong recycling and yard waste programs
• Opportunity to implement Pay-As-You-Throw (PAYT) Program. Benefits of PAYT include:
• multiple size carts/associated cost of service rates
• Incentive to recycle and reduce disposal
• Provides opportunity for significant cost savings
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Implement once-weekly Automated Collection Program using a Phase-In approach:
• Eliminates job losses through attrition and retirements
• Neighborhood rollout is more manageable and has higher success rate
• Enables City to manage financial resources during acquisition of capital equipment
• Maintains stable capital and variable expenses
• Provides varied age of fleet and predictable variable expenses
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• Website (EZCan.lakelandgov.net) • Message from the Mayor • Public Outreach Events • Utility Bill Stuffer • City Commission Presentations • Truck Decals/Employee Cards • Container Size Selection Mailer • Container Attachments • Container Decal and Stickers
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Neighborhood Association Coalition – February 4, 2010 Spring Obsession, Munn Park – March 13, 2010 Lakeland Police Dept. Open House – March 20, 2010 Lake Morton Neighborhood Association – March 23, 2010 Lake Bonny Neighborhood Association – April 5, 2010 Sandpiper Homeowners Association – April 6, 2010 Relay for Life, Lakeland High School – April 9, 2010 Earth Day Celebration, Lake Mirror Promenade – April 16, 2010 Crystal Lake Neighborhood Association – April 26, 2010 City Commission Department Presentation – May 3, 2010 Public Works Week Celebration, Munn Park – May 7, 2010 Cleveland Heights Neighborhood Association – May 20, 2010 Swannanoa Neighborhood Association – June 7, 2010 Imperial Southgate Villas I, II, and III Homeowners – June 15, 2010 Paul Diggs Neighborhood Association – June 15, 2010 Pinehurst Neighborhood Association – June 29, 2010 Gladys Leggett Neighborhood Association – July 15, 2010 Lake Bonnet Neighborhood Association – July 22, 2010 Highland Fairways Homeowners Association – August 30, 2010 Florida Presbyterian Homes – September 15, 2010 Lakeland Christina Rotary Club – September 30, 2010 Orangewood Neighborhood Association – September 30, 2010 Villas III Homeowners Association – December 6, 2010 Lakeshore Neighborhood Association – January 11, 2011 Lake Hunter Terrace Neighborhood Association – January 18, 2011
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• Width: Alley narrower than vehicle
• Vegetation: Overgrowth limits clearance and site lines
• Zero Setback: Utility poles and structures erected on right of way boundary
• Zero Setback: Existing structures constrain vehicle mirror clearances
• Dangerous Obstacles: Note gas meter
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Utility Pole Obstacles
Right Angle Turns
Helpers Must Assist Driver
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Findings
• Current alley collection operation increases exposure to risk
• Zero setbacks create unsafe environment
• Time consuming and inefficient
Recommendations
• City to conduct case by case evaluations of alleys.
• City to mitigate dangerous and close quarter situations.
• Alleys can be converted to semi-auto collection for improved service.
• Alleys that cannot be made safe should be converted to automated curb collection as a last option.
• The differential cost for providing alley collection service shall be determined.
Due to access constraints, a very limited number of customers may still require semi-automated alley service in lieu of automated curbside service.
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Blended Rates from Large and Small REL Models
Cost/
Household
Homes Svc'd
/Week
Total Monthly
Collection Cost
29.45$ 575 16,931.13$
16.37$ 1725 28,245.32$
2300 45,176.44$
19.64$
14.32$
5.32$
37%
Alley Surcharge (Premium Service) Differential:
Alley Surcharge (Premium Service) Differential %:
Estimated Monthly Cost per Alley Household (Small REL):
Estimated Monthly Cost per Alley Household (Large REL):
Total Homes & Monthly Operating Costs:
Weighted Average Alley Collection Monthly Collection Cost per Household:
Est. Monthly Cost per Household (Automated Collection):
All Premium Service Expenses Appropriated to Alley Customers only. Specialized 8-yard rear packers are fully utilized to service all alley customers (garbage and yard waste) under this model.
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ALLEY GARBAGE COLLECTION SURVEY (June, 2011)
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City of Lakeland
Alley Trash Collection
Response rates
Neighborhood # of
Responses # of Households
Response Rate
Camphor 3 3 100%
Dixieland 90 504 17.6%
Downtown 7 20 35.0%
East Lake Morton 18 110 16.4%
John Cox 1 23 4.3%
Lake Bonny 4 14 28.6%
Lake Hollingsworth 18 68 26.5%
Lake Hunter Terrace 11 62 17.7%
North Lake Wire 7 123 5.7%
Parker Street 1 19 5.3%
Paul A Diggs 12 127 9.4%
South Lake Morton 110 522 21.1%
Webster Park South 3 32 9.4%
Totals 285 1627 17.5%
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Neighborhood Very Willing to Pay Extra
Somewhat Willing
Reluctant to Pay
Very Willing, Somewhat Willing,
Reluctant to Pay Totals
Would Not Pay
Total Responses
Camphor 1 0 2 3 0 3
% of neighborhood 33.3% 66.7% 100% Dixieland 21 18 14 53 37 90
% of neighborhood 23.3% 20.0% 15.6% 58.9% 41.1%
Downtown 0 2 0 2 5 7
% of neighborhood 28.6% 28.6% 71.4%
East Lake Morton 6 1 1 8 10 18
% of neighborhood 33.3% 5.6% 5.6% 44.4% 55.6%
John Cox 0 1 0 1 0 1
% of neighborhood 100% 100% Lake Bonny 0 1 1 2 2 4
% of neighborhood 25% 25% 50% 50%
Lake Hollingsworth 4 0 2 6 10 16
% of neighborhood 25% 12.5% 37.5% 62.5%
Lake Hunter Terrace 2 0 2 4 7 11
% of neighborhood 18.2% 18.2% 36.4% 63.6%
North Lake Wire 1 2 2 5 2 7
% of neighborhood 14.3% 28.6% 28.6% 71.4% 28.6%
Parker Street 0 0 0 0 1 1
% of neighborhood 0% 100%
Paul A Diggs 1 4 0 5 7 12
% of neighborhood 8.3% 33.3% 41.7% 58.3%
South Lake Morton 35 24 22 81 29 110
% of neighborhood 31.8% 21.8% 20% 73.6% 26.4%
Webster Park South 1 0 0 1 2 3
% of neighborhood 33.3% 33.3% 66.7%
TOTALS 72 53 46 171 112 283
% of neighborhood 25.4% 18.7% 16.3% 60.4% 39.6%
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Survey Results • 171 of the 283 respondents (60%) indicated they
were either “Very Willing”, “Somewhat Willing” or “Reluctant” to paying extra for alley collection.
• 134 of the 171 respondents (78%) who indicated they were either “Very willing”, “Somewhat Willing” or “Reluctant” to pay extra are located in the Dixieland and S. Lake Morton neighborhood.
• This suggests that a limited alley collection service could be offered in these 2 large neighborhoods at an additional fee.
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Survey Results Price Points:
1. Dixieland: a. 53 of the 90 (59%) respondents indicted “Very Willing”, “Somewhat
Willing” or “Reluctant” to paying extra for alley collection. b. 43 of 53 (81.1% ) indicated “Yes” to paying $5.50 extra per month. c. 31 of 42 (73.8%) indicated “Yes” to paying $8.00 extra per month.
2. S. Lake Morton : a. 81 of the 110 (74%) respondents indicted “Very Willing”,
“Somewhat Willing” or “Reluctant” to paying extra for alley collection.
b. 70 of 81 (86.4%) indicated “Yes” to paying $5.50 extra per month. c. 46 of 71 (64.8%) indicated “Yes” to paying $8.00 extra per month.
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Recent presentations on Alley Collection Service:
•July 15, 2011 - City Commission Budget Workshop
•July 18, 2011 - City Commission Department Presentation
•July 19, 2011 - S. Lake Morton Neighborhood Association
•August 4, 2011 - Neighborhood Association Coalition Meeting
•August 16, 2011 - Dixieland Neighborhood Association
•September 6, 2011 - City Commission Workshop
•October 3, 2011 - City Commission Workshop
•October 17, 2011 - City Commission Meeting:
Receive public comment on proposed approach to Solid Waste Alley Collection.
•November 7, 2011 - City Commission Meeting: Adopt Solid Waste Rate Resolution or action to cease alley collection service upon implementation of automated service. Approve appropriation to transfer funds from Solid Waste Surplus to compress phased-in term from 4 to 3 years.
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All City Alley
Customers
S. Lake Morton
& Dixieland
Only
S. Lake Morton
Only
Number of Alley Customers: 2300 1306 624
Premium Service expenses appropriated to Alley Customers:
Alley Surcharge ($/month/alley customer): 5.32$ 8.45$ 17.71$
Premium service expenses appropriated to Alley Customers based upon resource usage:
Alley Surcharge ($/month/alley customer): 5.32$ 6.38$ 8.45$
Collection Allocation Cost ($/month/residential customer): -$ 0.08$ 0.17$
Alley Customers Serviced
Premium service expenses equally distributed to automated residential customers would result in solid waste collection rate increase of approx. $0.40/month/residential customer.
Action Steps: October 17, 2011 City Commission Meeting: Receive public comment on proposed approach to Solid Waste Alley Collection. November 7, 2011 City Commission Meeting:
1. Adopt Solid Waste Rate Resolution or action to cease alley collection service upon implementation of automated service.
2. Approve appropriation to transfer funds from Solid Waste Surplus to compress phased-in term from 4 to 3 years.
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