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Biofuels: Unlocking the PotentialBiofuels: Unlocking the Potential
2009 UOP LLC. All rights reserved.
The International Conference on Biorefinery
October 6-7, 2009Syracuse, New York
Jennifer Holmgren
UOP LLC
Jennifer Holmgren
UOP LLC
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UOP Overview
Leading supplier and licensor of processingtechnology, catalysts, adsorbents, processplants, and technical services to the petroleumrefining, petrochemical, and gas processingindustries.
UOP Technology Furnishes: 60% of the worldsgasoline; 85% of the worlds biodegradabledetergents; 60% of the worldspara-xylene.
3400 employees worldwide. 2008 Financials: $1.9 billion in sales.
Strong relationships with leading refining andpetrochemical customers worldwide.
UOPs innovations enabled lead removal fromgasoline, the production of biodegradabledetergents, the first commercial catalyticconverter for automobiles.
Biofuels: Next in a Series of Sustainable Solutions
2003 National Medal of
Technology Recipient
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Agenda
y Global Context
y Our Vision
y Technology Solutions
y Life Cycle Analysis
y
Summary
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y Global energy demand is expected to grow atCAGR 1.6%.
Primary Energy diversity will become increasinglyimportant over this period with coal, natural gas &renewables playing bigger roles.
y Fossil fuels are expected to supply 83% of energy
and 95% of liquid transportation needsy Biofuels are expected to grow at
8-12%/year to ~2.0 MBPD
Macromarket Summary: Through 2015
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Biofuels: A Quickly Changing Landscape
y All biofuels are good
y More, faster
y No criteria to
measure impact ofadopting biofuels
y Availability ofinexpensive biofeedstocks
y Governmentmandates andincentives favorethanol and biodiesel
y Not all biofuels are good
y Concern for food chainimpact & competition
for land/watery Measured biofuel
adoption
y Utilization of LCAanalysis to qualify:link to GHG, energy,sustainability
y Bio feedstocks trackingenergy prices
y Government mandates/incentives increasinglytechnology neutral
y Emphasis on real
biofuels
2007
y Emphasis on lifecycle analysis as away of measuring
sustainabilityy Ensure technology is
feedstock flexible
y Focus on 2nd
generationtechnologies
y Create partnershipsbetween feedstocksuppliers and fuel
producers
Increasing Awareness of Potential Impact
2008
UOP Position
2009y Credit Crisis:
Stimulus focused onGreen Tech
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Other Oils: Camelina,Jatropha, Halophytes
Our Biofuels Vision
Produce real drop-in fuels instead of fuel additives/blends Leverage existing refining/ transportation infrastructure to lower capital
costs, minimize value chain disruptions, and reduce investment risk
Focus on path toward second generation feedstocks
Lignocellulosic
biomass,algal oils
Second
Generation
Oxygenated Biofuels
BiodieselEthanol
First
Generation
Natural oils
(vegetables, greases)
Hydrocarbon Biofuels
JetDiesel GasolineFuel &
Power
Fuel &
Power
RenewableEnergy
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BiofuelsSustainability
SustainabilitySustainability
UncompromisedProduct QualityUncompromisedProduct Quality
Life CyclesLife Cycles
EmissionsEmissions
Vehicle FleetVehicle Fleet
TechnologyTechnology
LignocellulosicLignocellulosicCostCost
Net EnergyProduction
Consumption
Net EnergyProduction
Consumption
EfficiencyEfficiency
Supply ChainSupply Chain
AlgalAlgal
EnergyContentEnergyContent
DistributedDistributed
FeedstockAvailabilityFeedstock
AvailabilityWorld TradeWorld Trade
StandardsStandards
Reduction inClimate Active
CO2Equivalents
Reduction inClimate Active
CO2Equivalents
Getting There
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Agenda
y Global Context
y Our Vision
y Technology Solutions
y Life Cycle Analysis
y
Summary
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Biofuels Overview: Technology Pathways
Current biofuel market based on sugars & oils.Use bridging feedstocks to get to 2ndGeneration Feeds:
Algae & Lignocellulosics
Transesterification
EnzymeConversion
Fermentation
C6 Sugars
Dehydration
Acid or EnzymeHydrolysis
Gasification
Pyrolysis/Thermal
DepolymerizationLights
CO2
Feedstocks Products
Syng
as
DirectConversion
H2O
FCC
Hydrotreating
Bio-oil
Hydrotreating
FischerTropsch
-
AlcoholSynthesis
Distillers Grain
Glycerine
Starches
Natural Oils
GreenGasoline
Ethanol
FAME orFAEE
GreenDiesel/Jet
C5/ C6Sugars
Co-Feed
Lignin, Cellulose
& Hemicellulose
Sugars
2nd Gen Feeds(Jatropha,
Camelina & Algal)
Renewable
Energy
= UOP Areas
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Renewable Diesel and Jet Chemistry
+
H3C CH3
+
CH3CH3
CH3H3C CH3
H3C
CH3
H3C CH3CH3CH3
Feedstock flexible, but with consistent product properties
H2UOP Catalyst
H2
CO2
H2O +
+ H3C CH3
H3C CH3
CH2+
H2O
CO2 H3C
H3C H3C CH3
CH3H3C
UOP Catalyst Straight Chain Paraffins
Synthetic ParaffinicKerosene
CH3HO
O
HC
O
O
O
O
O
O
CH3
CH3
CH3
Free Fatty AcidMW=200-300
TriglycerideMW=700-900
y
Natural oils contain oxygen, have highmolecular weight.
y First reaction removes oxygen productis diesel range waxy paraffins
y Second reaction cracks diesel paraffinsto smaller, highly branched molecules
y End product is same as molecules alreadypresent in aviation fuel
y End product is independent of starting oil
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UOP/ENI Ecofining Green Diesel
y Superior technology thatproduces diesel, rather thanan additive
y Uses existing refining
infrastructure, can betransported via pipeline,and can be used in existingautomotive fleet
y Two units licensed in Europewith first commercial start-upin 2010
y Excellent blending
component, allowing refinersto expand diesel pool bymixing in bottoms
y Can be used as an approach
to increase refinery dieseloutput
Petrodiesel BiodieselGreenDiesel
NOx Baseline +10
50-65
Cold FlowProperties Baseline Poor Excellent
Poor
-10 to 0
OxidativeStability Baseline Excellent
Cetane 40-55 75-90
Natural Oil/Grease
+Hydrogen
Green DieselGreen Diesel + Propane
+ GlycerolBiodiesel (FAME)Biodiesel (FAME)
Natural Oil/Grease
+Methanol
Performance Comparison
Process Comparison vs. Biodiesel
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UOP Renewable Jet Process
y
Initially a DARPA-fundedproject to develop processtechnology to produce military
jet fuel (JP-8) from renewablesources
y Targets maximum Green Jetproduction
y Green Jet Fuel can meet allthe key properties of petroleum
derived aviation fuel, flashpoint, cold temperatureperformance, stability
y Certification of Green Jet as a
50% blending component inprogress
Deoxygenating/Isomerization
Deoxygenating/Isomerization
Built on Ecofining Technology
GreenDieselGreenDiesel
GreenJet
GreenJet
Natural Oil/Grease
DARPA Project Partners
Deoxygenating/Selective Cracking/
Isomerization
Deoxygenating/Selective Cracking/
Isomerization
Natural Oil/Grease
Available for License Q3 2009
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Completed Flight Demonstrations
y Successful ANZ FlightDemo Date: Dec. 30 2008
Feedstock:
Jatropha oil
Feedstock:Jatropha and algal oil
y
Successful CAL FlightDemo Date: Jan. 7 2009
Feedstock: Camelina,Jatropha and algal oil
y Successful JAL Flight
Demo Date: Jan. 30 2009
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Key Properties of Green Jet
DescriptionJet A-1Specs
JatrophaDerived
SPK
CamelinaDerived
SPK
Jatropha/AlgaeDerived
SPK
Flash Point, oC Min 38 46.5 42.0 41.0
Freezing Point, oC Max -47 -57.0 -63.5 -54.5
JFTOT@300oC
Filter dP, mmHg max 25 0.0 0.0 0.2
Tube Deposit Less Than < 3 1.0
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ANERS16Federal Aviation
AdministrationSeptember 22, 2009
Mark Rumizen, FAA/CAAFI
Certification Qualification Phase- ASTM D4054 Fuel Qualification Process
OEM Review &Approval
ASTM BallotingProcess
SpecificationProperties
Engine/APUTesting
Fit-For-PurposeProperties
Component/RigTesting
ASTM
ResearchReport
ASTMResearch
ReportASTMSpecification
Accept
ASTM
Review
& Ballot
Re-Eval
As RequiredReject
ASTM
Specification
Accept
ASTM
Review
& Ballot
Re-Eval
As RequiredReject
ASTMSpecification
FRL 6.1 FRLs 6.2 & 6.3 FRL 6.4
FRL 7: Fuel Class Listed in Intl Fuel Specifications
FRL 4.2
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ANERS17Federal Aviation
AdministrationSeptember 22, 2009
Mark Rumizen, FAA/CAAFI
ASTM D7566 Issued Sept 1
Body of Spec Applies toFinished Semi-Synthetic Fuel
Annex for Each Class of
Synthetic BlendingComponent
Allow Re-Certification toD1655
Annex 1
Hydroprocessed SPK
Includes 50% FT Fuel
Blend Comps Criteriaand Blend % Limits
Annex 3Other AdvFuels orProcesses
Annex 2
Other AdvFuels orProcesses
Annex 1
50%
HydprossdSPK FuelBlends
Fuel Produced to D7566 CanBe Designated as D1655 Fuel
5.1 Materials andManufacture
D1655
Table 1
D7566Av Turbine Fuel Containing
Syn HCs
Table 1
Blended FuelPerformance
Properties
SPK from Lipidsexpected in
2010
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Algae: Multiple Sources for Fuels
High Pre-TreatmentCosts
Low Pre-TreatmentCosts
Wild Algae EnhancedAlgae Strains
HeterotrophicallyGrown Algae
Green FuelsJet, Diesel
EcofiningEcofiningTMTM
Moderate ProductionCosts
Low ProductionCosts
Moderate Production Cost
Moderate Pre-Treatment Costs
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Mixed WoodsMixed Woods
Corn StoverCorn Stover
Pyrolysis Oil to Energy & Fuels
FastPyrolysis
AvailableToday
3 Years tocomplete
R&D
Conversion to Transport Fuels Demonstrated in LabCollaboration with DOE, USDA, PNNL, NREL
PyrolysisOil
ElectricityProduction
Fuel OilSubstitution
Transport Fuels(Gasoline, Jet
Diesel)
Chemicals(Resins, BTX)
Biomass
Refinery
P P
P P
P P
Envergent Technologies LLC
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Envergent Technologies LLC UOP / Ensyn Joint Venture
Formed in October 2008
Provides pyrolysis oil technology for fueloil substitution and electricity generation
Channel for UOP R&D program to
upgrade pyrolysis oil to transportationfuels
Leading process technologylicensor ~$2 billion in sales, 3000employees
Co-inventor of FCC technology Modular process unit supplier
Global reach via Honeywell & UOPsales channels
Over 20 years of commercial fastpyrolysis operating experience
Developers of innovative RTPTM
fast pyrolysis process Eight commercial RTP units
designed and operated
Second Generation Renewable Energy Company Global Reach
Envergent Technologies 2009
Rapid Thermal Process (RTPTM)
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Pyrolysis Oily
510C, 70 wt%
liquid on woodybiomass
y
Light gas and charby-product provideheat to dry feed andoperate unitSolid Biomass
ap d e a ocess ( )Technology
Proven Technology, fullscale designs available
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RTPTM Pyrolysis Oil Properties
Suitable for Energy Applications
Fuel MJ / Litre BTU / US Gallon
Methanol 17.5 62,500Pyrolysis Oil 19.9 71,500
Ethanol 23.5 84,000
Light Fuel Oil (#2) 38.9 139,400
Comparison of Heating Value of Pyrolysis Oiland Typical Fuels
y
Pourable, storable and transportableliquid fuel
y Energy densification relative to biomass
y Contains approximately 50-55% energy
content of fossil fuely Stainless steel piping, tankage and
equipment required due to acidity
y Requires separate storage from
fossil fuels
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RTPTM Product Yields
Feed, wt%
Hardwood Whitewood 100
Typical Product Yields,wt% Dry Feed
Pyrolysis Oil 70
By-Product Vapor 15
Char 15
Cellulosic Feedstock FlexibleWith High Yields of Pyrolysis Oil
BiomassFeedstock Type
Typical PyrolysisOil Yield, wt% ofDry Feedstock
Hardwood 70 75
Softwood 70 80Hardwood Bark 60 65
Softwood Bark 55 65
Corn Fiber 65 75
Bagasse 70 75Waste Paper 60 80
Yields For Various Feeds
Ensyn has tested over 70 types offeedstock in RTP pilot plant
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Feedstock Sources
Cellulosic Feedstocks Widely Available
yForestry and Pulp and PaperWood chips, sawdust, bark
Forestry residues
yAgriculturalResidues corn stover, expended fruit
bunches from palm (EFB), bagasse
Purpose-grown energy crops miscanthus, elephant grass
yPost-consumerConstruction and Demolition Waste,
Categories 1&2
Municipal solid waste (future)
yDoE study 2005 - > 1 billion tonper year available in UnitedStates alone
F d H dli / P ti
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Feed Handling / Preparation
Water is a heat sink Dried to 5-6 wt% moisture content for efficient RTPTM reactor operation
Size impacts heat transfer
Biomass sized to 0.125-0.25 inch (3-6 mm)
Capacity of unit expressed on bone dry feed basis
BDMTPD
Zero water content
RTP is Self-Sustaining Excess Heat Dries Raw Biomass
RTP Storage
PreparedBiomassAs Fed5- 6 wt%Moisure
0.125 to 0.25Pyrolysis Oil
As ProducedFeed
Handling
Raw BiomassUp to 40%Moisture
RTPTM Fl Di
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RTPTM Flow Diagram
RTPTM P 3D M d l
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RTPTM Process 3D Model
RTPTM Operating History& C i l E i
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& Commercial Experience
yCommercialized in the 1980s
y 7 units designed and operated in the US & Canada
y Continuous process with >90% availability
Significant Commercial Experience
Plant YearBuilt Operating Capacity(Metric Tonnes Per Day) Location
Manitowoc RTPTM 1 1993 30 Manitowoc, WI, USA
Rhinelander RTPTM 1 1995 35 Rhinelander, WI, USA
Rhinelander Chemical #2 1995 2 Rhinelander, WI, USA
Rhinelander RTPTM 2 2001 45 Rhinelander, WI, USA
Rhinelander Chemical #3 2003 1 Rhinelander, WI, USA
Petroleum Demo # 1 2005 300 barrels per day Bakersfield, CA, USA
Renfrew RTPTM
1(Owned and operated byEnsyn)
2007 100 Renfrew, Ontario,Canada
Note: design basis for wood based plants assumes feedstocks with 6 Wt% moisture content.
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Envergent Video
Pyrolysis Oil as Burner Fuel
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Pyrolysis Oil as Burner Fuel
Energy densification/improvedlogistics and flexibility
Relatively low emissions(NOx, SOx, ash)
Consistent quality/improvedoperations
- ASTM D7544, StandardSpecification for Pyrolysis LiquidBiofuel, established last month
Stainless steel piping, tankageand equipment required due toacidity
Requires separate storage fromfossil fuels
Property Value Test Method
Gross Heat ofCombustion,MJ/kg Point, oC
15 min ASTM D240
Pyrolysis SolidsContent, wt%
2.5 max ASTM D7544,Annex I
Water Content,wt%
30 max ASTM E203
pH report ASTM E70
KinematicViscosity, cSt @
40 C
125 max ASTM D445
Density, kg/dm3
@ 20 C1.1 1.3 ASTM D4052
Sulfur Content,wt%
0.05 max ASTM 4294
Ash Content,wt% 0.25 max ASTM 482
Flash Point, oC 45 min ASTM D93,Procedure B
Pour Point, oC -9 max ASTM D97
25-30% Lower Cost than #2 FuelOil on an Energy Basis
Pyrolysis Oil Energy Applications
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yCompatible withspecialized turbines
ySpecialized burner tipsimprove flame/burning
yConvert to steam touse existing
infrastructureyUse as a blend in
diesel engines
y
Upgradable tohydrocarbon fuels
Multiple Applications for Pyrolysis Oil,a Renewable Fuel Available Today
FuelBurner
GasTurbine
DieselEngine
Heat
ElectricityCHP
GreenGasoline,
GreenDiesel &
Green Jet
Hydro-cracking/Dewaxing
SyngasGasification
OptimizedUOP
UpgradingTechnology
RTPUnit
FischerTropsch
ENV 5233-09
Pyrolysis Oil Energy Applications
Pyrolysis Oil:Production of Green Electricity
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Production of Green Electricity
y Compatible with specializedturbines
y Green electricity production
cost is 0.10 $US/kW-hIncludes RTP operating cost
and 15-yr straightlinedepreciation of CAPEX
(including gas turbine)y Experience in stationary
diesel engine as blend withfossil fuel
Operation with 100%pyrolysis oil underdevelopment
Conversion to Transportation Fuel
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Conversion to Transportation Fuel
Integrated Bio-Refinery (IBR) Complex
Ligno-cellulosic Biomass to Fungible Fuels
H2Generation
Unit
PyrolysisOil
ConversionUnit
RapidThermal
ProcessingUnit
Gasoline
Kerosene
Diesel
Steam
Wastewater
Spent Air
Biomass
Utilities
Fuel
Water
Air
ENV 5233-17
The Future: 100% Renewable Jet
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The Future: 100% Renewable Jet
The hydroplane ran on 98% Bio-SPK and 2% renewable aromatics
Jet A1Spec Starting SPK
Woody Pyrolysis OilAromatics
Freeze Point (oC) -47
39
0.775
Flash Point (oC)
-53-63
42
0.753
52
Density (g/mL) 0.863
Creating Biorefineries
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Ecofining and Palm Oil
yEnable production of superiorquality Diesel and Biofuelsfor Aviation
yLPG instead of Glycerol
y
GHG ReductionyExport Markets
RTP and EFB/Residues
yOvercome EFB logistics
limitationyPalm Oil GHG reduction
yExpand business opportunitiesvs. direct firing
yCost competitive with fossil
fuel oil
Creating Biorefineries
EFB and Residues
Transport Fuels(Diesel, JetLPG, naphtha)
RTP Pyrolysis
Ecofining
ElectricityFuel Oil
New Business Opportunities with Improved Sustainability
Palm Oil
Agenda
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Agenda
y Global Context
y Our Vision
y Technology Solutions
y Life Cycle Analysis
y Summary
Scope of WTW* LCA
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Petroleum
Based Fuels
Green Distillate
from Waste Tallow
Green Distillate
from Energy CropsSeed Fertilizer Fuel Chemicals
OilProcessing
Oil
Transport
Plant Oil
Hydrogen
Renewable JetProcess Unit
ConsumerUse
TallowProcessing
Tallow
Transport
Hydrogen
Renewable JetProcess Unit
ConsumerUse
Extraction ofCrude Oil
Refining
ConsumerUse
OilExtraction
Energy CropFarming
Energy CropTransport
Transport of
Crude Oil
Scope of WTW LCA
*WTW is either well-to-wheels or well-to-wings
Gasoline, Jet, Diesel Green Diesel, Jet
Waste Tallow from MeatProcessing Industry
Green Diesel, Jet
Life Cycle Analysis for Renewable Jet Fuel
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Life Cycle Analysis for Renewable Jet Fuel
Basic Data for Jatropha Production and Use. Reinhardt, Guido et al. IFEU June 2008Biodiesel from Tallow. Judd, Barry. s.l. : Prepared for Energy Efficiency and Conservation Authority, 2002.Environmental Life-Cycle Inventory of Detergent-Grade Surfactant Sourcing and Production. Pittinger, Charles et al. 1,Prarie Village, Ka : Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 1993, Vol. 70.
Kerosene JatrophaGreen
Jet
TallowGreen
Jet
SoyGreen
Jet
0
0.2
0.4
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6Cumulative Energy Demand
MJ(Input)/MJ(O
utput)
0.6
0
Renewable Biomass
Renewable, Water
Non-renewable, Fossil Non-renewable, Nuclear
Renewable, Wind, Solar, Geothe
Significant GHG Reduction Potential
Kerosene JatrophaGreen
Jet
TallowGreen
Jet
SoyGreen
Jet
80
Greenhouse Gases
gCO2
eq./M
J
90
70
6050
40
30
20
10
0
CultivationFuel Production
Use
Oil ProductionTransportation
CamelinaGreen
Jet
gCO2
eq./
MJ
-500
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
LUC Error Bar
Pyrolysis Oil vs Fossil Fuel LCA
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Pyrolysis Oil vs Fossil Fuel LCA
Pyrolysis Oil Production foot printsimilar to fossil energy alternatives
Assumed biomass transport distances
y 200 km for logging residues
y 25 km for short rotation forest crops
Comparison of GHG EmissionsCradle to Delivered Energy
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
PetroleumCrude Oil
HardCoal
gCO2
eq/MJ
NaturalGas
CanadianOil Sands
Crude Oil
PyOilfrom
LoggingResidues
PyOilfrom
Willow
PyOilfrom
Poplar
Energy ExtractionGHG Emissions
Pyrolysis Oil Life Cycle foot printGreenerthan other alternativesy Carbon neutral combustion emission
y 70-88% lower GHG emissions
y SOx
emissions similar to Natural Gas
Comparison of GHG EmissionsCradle to Delivered Energy, and Burned
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
PetroleumFuel Oil
HardCoal
gCO2
eq/MJ
NaturalGas
PyOilfrom
LoggingResidues
PyOilfrom
Willow
PyOilfrom
Poplar
Life Cycle
GHG Emissionsthrough combustion
Pyrolysis Oil vs. Fossil Fuel LCA
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y y
Canadian Scenario
Sawmill ResiduesRTP unit located at sawmill site
Feed Transportation Distance = 0
PyOil 88% lower GHG thanPetroleum-derived heating oil
LCA Result courtesy of Don OConnor
Comparative Analyses using GHGenius Software
Fuel Heating OilNatural
Gas PyOil
NaturalGas WoodResidues
g CO2eq/GJ
Fuel Distribution & Storage 698 2,063 361
Fuel Production 8,412 1,376 9,555
Feedstock Transmission 1,401 0 0
Feedstock Recovery 8,081 1,708 0
Land-use Changes,Cultivation
25 0 0
Fertilizer Manufacture 0 0 0
Fuel Dispensing 402 0 874
Gas Leaks & Flares 1,900 3,540 0
CO2, H2S Removed from
NG0 642 0
Emissions Displaced -128 0 0
Sub-total Fuel Production 20,790 9,330 10,790
Fuel Combustion 68,718 50,432 301
Grand Total 89,508 60,762 11,091
% Change Compared to
Heating Oil-32.1% -87.6%
Crude OilFeedstock
GHG Emissions Wood Feedstock
(S&T)2 Consultants Inc.11657 Summit CrescentDelta, BCCanada, V4E 2Z2
Achieving Sustainability
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g y
yRenewables are going to make up an increasing
share of the future fuels poolMultitude of bioprocessing approaches possible
Fungible biofuels are here
Essential to overlay sustainability criteriayProven technology available today can efficiently convert
natural oils to green diesel and green jet fuel and residualbiomass to power
Wide spread implementation requires creation of a crediblesupply chain
Availability of sustainable feedstocks is a key enabler
Market pull required to accelerate implementation
y Important to promote technology neutraland performance based standardsand directives to avoid standardization
on old technologyCreate a Portfolio of Options
Acknowledgements
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gyAFRL
Robert Allen
John DatkoTim EdwardsDon Minus
yAir New ZealandGrant Crenfeldt
yAquaflowPaul DorringtonNick Gerritsen
yBoeingBilly GloverJames KinderMike HenryDarrin Morgan
Tim RahmesDale Smith
yCargillBruce ResnickMichael KennedyIan Purdle
yCFM
Gurhan AndacyContinental Airlines
Gary LeDucLeah RaneyGeorge Zombanakis
yENI
Giovanni FaraciFranco BaldiraghiGiuseppe Bellussi
yEnsynRobert Graham
Barry FreelStefan Muller
yGESteve CsonkaMike Epstein
yThe Seawater FoundationGlobal Seawater, Inc.
Carl HodgesHoward Weiss
yJapan AirlinesTakuya IshibashiKoichiro NagayamaYasunori Abe
y
Michigan TechnicalUniversityDavid Shonnard
yNikki UniversalYasushi FujiiMasaru Marui
yNRELRichard Bain
yPNNLDoug ElliotDon Stevens
yPratt & WhitneyTedd Biddle
Mario DebenetoyRolls Royce
Chris Lewis
ySandiaRon Pate
Warren CoxPeter KobosWilliam Fogleman
ySapphireBrian GoodallKulinda Davis
ySolazymeHarrison F. DillonAnthony G. Day
ySouth West Research InstituteGeorge Wilson
ySustainable OilsScott Johnson
yTargeted GrowthTom Todaro
yHoneywell / UOPAmar AnumakondaRoy BertolaAndrea BozzanoTim Brandvold
Michelle CohnGraham EllisTom KalnesJoseph KocalSteve LuptonMike McCallPrabhakar NairSunny NguyenRandy Williams
DOE
Project DE-FG36-05GO15085Paul Grabowski
DARPA
Project W911NF-07-C-0049Dr. Douglas Kirkpatrick
Nodan m am om am o Teekkr ederim
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Efcharisto
Danyavad
Ksznm
Terima kasih
Dekoju
Eso
Hvala
Spasibo
Ngiyabonga
Wiyarrparlunpaju-yungu
Giittus
Aachaykin
Dhannvaad
Grazie
Qujanaq
Xie x ie ShukranAr i ga t o
Ookini
Gum x ia
mersi
Danke schn
Ang kun
MerciKiitos Gum xia
Tawdi
Grac iasSha sha
Obrigado
Thank You
-
8/6/2019 Camelina RTP Etc
44/44