CAHS 2000
Global Consumer Culture
Global Consumer Culture
Globalization“Globalization is the inexorable integration of markets, nation-states and technologies to a degree never witnessed before—in a way that is enabling individuals, corporations and nation-states to reach around the world farther, faster, deeper and cheaper than ever before, and in a way that is enabling the world to reach into individuals, corporations and nation-states farther, faster, deeper, cheaper than ever before.”
-Thomas Friedman
Globalization
Industrial Revolution
World Wars Cold War
General Timeline
Globalization
Industrial Revolution
British Textile IndustryKey InventionsAmerica’s RoleManufacturing RetailingTransportation
In the beginning. . .
British Textiles (1700s)
Global ExplorationsGrowing Competition (India & China)
Expanding Markets (England, Europe, American Colonies, Africa)
Many small cottage industries (fiber producers, spinners, weavers, lace-makers, knitters, embellishment craftspeople, tailors, milliners, merchants, etc)
Population GrowthConsumer Base (social class/social mobility)
Growth of Urban Centers
Cotton Production (proto-industry & “putting out”)
Merchant ownershipLabor
Key Inventions
• Flying shuttle (1733)
• Spinning jenny (1764)
• Water-powered spinning frame (1769)
• Power loom (1785)
America’s Role (1800s)Supplier of cotton to England
Development of U.S. Manufacturing (Rhode Island System & Massachusetts System)
Consumer Base (social class/social mobility/immigrant population)
Growth of Urban Centers (I.e. NYC, Philadelphia, Boston)
Railroads (Urban to Rural, North to South, East to West)
Labor
Revolutionary War (1775-1783)
Civil War (1861-1865)
Rebuilding the SouthLaborFashion (Ready to Wear, “Gibson Girls,” Ditto suits, etc)
Retailing
Decentralized Commerce
•Custom goods•Home-made goods•Cottage Industries•Barter System•Defined Social Class•Slow Fashion Cycles
Centralized Commerce
•Mass-produced goods•Technology•Large Industries•Social Mobility•Fast Fashion Cycles
Increased SUPPLY of mass consumer goods
Increased DEMAND of mass consumer goods (Consumer Revolution)
Fuel for changes in production
Democratization of goods (i.e. uniformity in products & appearances)
Spread to other countries & industries
Cold War Era Economics
Socialism(Karl Marx)
•Equality of wealth distribution•Socio-economic equality•State controlled means of production•Centrally planned economies (USSR)
Capitalism(Ludwig von Mises & John
Maynard Keynes)
•Socio-economic strata (lower, middle, upper classes) •Rights of individuals and corporations•Privately controlled means of production•Supply & demand factors determined by market economy (“free market”)
Cold War Systems
Part One in Lexus & the Olive Tree (p. 1-142)
Characterized by division
“US vs. THEM” mentality
Nuclear Arms Race
McCarthyism
Vietnam & Korean Wars
August 13, 1961
End of Cold War
November 9, 1989
So Now What?
So Now What?
Marks of Globalization
Defining MeasurementSpeed & Innovation
Dominant CultureHomogenizing of culture (regional vs. global)
Defining TechnologiesComputerizationMiniaturizationDigitizationSatellite CommunicationsFiber Optics
THE INTERNET
Marks of Globalization
Creative Destruction
“. . .the perpetual cycle of destroying the old and less efficient product or service and replacing it with the new, more efficient ones”
-Thomas Friedman
Marks of Globalization
Balances
•Between nation-states
•Between nation-states & global markets
•Between individuals & nation-states
Marks of Globalization
Multi-dimensional
•Politics•Culture•National Security•Finance•Technology•Environment
Globalization
“Globalization is the inexorable integration of markets, nation-states and technologies to a degree never witnessed before—in a way that is enabling individuals, corporations and nation-states to reach around the world farther, faster, deeper and cheaper than ever before, and in a way that is enabling the world to reach into individuals, corporations and nation-states farther, faster, deeper, cheaper than ever before.”
-Thomas Friedman