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Buddhism
All that we areis the result ofwhat we have
thought.The mind iseverything.
What we thinkwe become.
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Life of the Buddha
Born ~563 BCE Northern India Shakya Clan (Kshatrya) King
Suddhodana & Queen Maya
Birth myth indicates Immaculate Conception
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In all the universe only I' exist.
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Protected from all sight of suffering; privileged, idyllic lifeMoved through Brahmanic steps (Ashrams)Married Yashodara at age 19
only sonRahula
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Mara attempts to dissuade Siddhartha
from his chosen path
The Four Passing Sights:1. An old person = we are of the nature to grow old
2. A sick person = we are of the nature to become ill3. A corpse = we are of the nature to die4. A wandering ascetic (monk) = the path of enlightenment
Siddhartha renounces all worldlypossessions obviously did not listen to Mara
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Enlightenment of the Buddha
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The Middle Way
The path between the two extremesof self-mortificationand self-indulgence
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The Four Noble
Truths
1. The nature of
suffering(dukkha)
To exist is to suffer
2. The origin of suffering
tanha- grasping
avidya- ignorance
3. The cessation(stopping,
ending) of suffering
It is possible to endsuffering
4. The Eight-Fold Path
The way to end
suffering
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Dukkha
Attachment / Aversion Struggling against the
processes of life Clinging to what is
impermanent
Avoiding unpleasantrealities
Avidyaignorance; notseeing things as they are
Appearance of self is generated byaggregate of five psychological
activities, or Skandhas:
1. Matter2. Sensations
3. Perceptions
4. Impulses
5. Consciousness
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Tanha Grasping to makepermanent what is
impermanent
Thinking that over &above the processesof body and mindwe are permanent
selves
Anattano self
Thirst for
Sense pleasures
Existence &becoming
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Pratitya-Samutpada
When this is,that is
This arising,that arises
When this isnot, that is
notThis
ceasing,that ceases
Doctrine of Dependent OriginationExplains the experienced universe without resorting to
chance or first causeConditioned Genesis
Everything isconditional,relative &interdependent
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The Eight-Fold
Path
Three Trainings SilaEthical Conduct
Based on universal love for all
beingsSpeech3 gatesActionfor the good of the
manyLivelihood- occupation
SamadhiMental DisciplineEffortprevent unhealthy
states of mind
Mindfulnessawareness
Concentrationpromote
tranquility
PannaWisdom
Thoughtahimsa & karuna
Understandingof 4 Noble
Truths & teachings
Insight must be tied to action
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When grasping
ceases, humanspass beyondsuffering to
Nirvana- the state
of being free ofegocentrism andthe suffering it
causes
The purpose of overcoming suffering is liberation for living, noteradication of the processes of living The processes of living do not cause suffering; the cause of suffering isunwarranted attachment to the processes.
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Kalachakra (time & space) Doctrine
The Kalachakra tradition revolves around the concept oftime (kla) and cycles (chakra): from the cycles of theplanets, to the cycles of human breathing, it teaches thepractice of working with the most subtle energies withinone's body on the path to enlightenment.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%81lahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chakrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chakrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%81la -
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Buddhist Precepts1. No killing
2. No stealing3. Chastity (no sexual
misconduct)4. No lying5. No drinking intoxicants
6. Food restrictions7. Avoid spectacles8. No flowers, perfume,
jewelry9. Simple beds
10. Accept no gold or silver
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Three Major Schools
Theravada India, Sri Lanka, Burma,
Thailand, Indonesia
Mahayana Central Asia, China, Korea, Japan
Vajrayana Tibet
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Theravadins
Focus on and value onlymonastic lifestyle in theexample of The Buddha
Practice directedintently towardindividual attainment ofNirvana
Salvation is throughdedicated self-effort
rather than throughintervention of heavenlybeings
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Mahayanists Larger order - Includes
lay people Engaged Buddhism
focused on helpingothers release fromsuffering
Belief in heavenlybeingsBodhisattvaswho can assist humansin escaping fromsuffering
There are many otherBuddhas Everyone is a potential Buddha
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Vajrayanists
Combined features ofHindu Dharma
Monastic vows of theVinayarules of thesangha
Progressive path of thebodhisattva
Esoteric precepts of thetantras
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Tantric Practice
Creation isaccomplished throughpairs of deities who
generate the wholeprocess of the universethrough their sexualintercourse
Humans reflect theuniverse and canparticipate in its forces
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Zen Only comprehendingour real nature is ofvalue
Chanin China Lin Chi (Rinzai)
Rigorous methods andabrupt practices toproduce rapid
enlightenment Tsao-tung - (Soto)
Longer gradual paththrough instruction andmeditation.
Satori
enlightenmentexperiencekoanmind puzzleproblem
designed to destroy ordinarylogical ways of thinking
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The Absolute
There are no permanententities in the universe
Belief in gods is notessential to the missionof finding release fromsuffering
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World
The cause of suffering isnot the world, butattachmentto theworldclinging to thatwhich is impermanent
Change cannot be
stopped, so
permanence is
unnecessary.
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Humans
Anatta no permanent soulSkandhas
Karmathe only thing thatcarries over from lifetime to
lifetimeOne must live with the results of
past craving
**One can choose how to seeoneself and the world andhow to interpretexperiences**
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The Problem for Humans
Suffering
It is not the processesof life that cause suffering, butour perceptionsof life
Ignorance ofimpermanence
Incorrect beliefsabout how tostop suffering
The belief thatsuffering can
never end
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The Solution for Humans
release comes not fromceasing to be but from
ceasing to grasp
KnowledgeLearn the cause of suffering and follow the Eight-Fold Path
Meditation= primary solutiondeeply knowing the self in orderto reveal true (Buddha) nature
Savior beings will help those whocallbodhisattvas(Mahayana)
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Community & Ethics Sangha - community of
practitioners -- strongsocial organization basedon cooperation betweenlaity and monks/nuns Individual responsibility in
community living
Karunacompassion/empathy
Morality10/5 Precepts
No caste distinctions; nogender distinctions
Social / Religiousteachings differ fromHindu Dharma in 3 majorways: Caste, anatta, ritual
devotion
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Rituals & Symbols
Three Jewels /Refuges Buddha
Dharma
Sangha
Dharma wheelWheel of Law
Images of the Buddha
Karma can be
removed by a
religious professional
chanting verses for
the deceased
The Buddha
is notconsidered
to be a god
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