BLEEDIN
G & W
OUNDS
SHOCK
BURNS
BLEEDIN
G &
WOUNDS
EXTERNAL BLEEDING
Three Types___________ (oozing)___________ (flowing)_________ (spurting)
Open wounds_____________ (scrape)Laceration (slice)____________ (knife cut or paper cut)______________ (knife stab or bullet)Avulsion (ear lobe tear)______________ (body part cut or torn off)
CARE FOR MINOR EXTERNAL BLEEDING
Wash with soap and waterFlush with waterApply antibiotic ointmentCover woundSeek medical care for wounds with high likelihood of infection
CARE FOR SERIOUS EXTERNAL BLEEDING
Wear gloves if availableCover with clean cloth or gauzeApply direct pressureApply a pressure bandageDo NOT remove any blood soaked dressings
INFECTED WOUNDS
Signs of infection
Seek medical care for infected wounds.
Get tetanus booster shot every 10 years
CARE FOR AMPUTATIONS
•Control bleeding. •Care for _______.•Recover amputated part.•Keep clean, _____, and _____.•Transport the part with the victim.
CARE FOR IMPALED OBJECTS
•Expose area.•Do NOT remove the object.•Control bleeding around the object.
•__________ the object with bulky dressings.
WOUNDS THAT REQUIRE MEDICAL ATTENTION
•Arterial Bleeding•Uncontrolled Bleeding
•Deep Wounds•Large or deeply embedded objects
•Human or animal bite
•Cut eyelid
•Possibility of noticeable scar
•Serious internal bleeding
•Uncertain how to treat
•Requires a tetanus shot
INTERNAL BLEEDINGSkin is not broken and blood
is not seen.
Recognizing internal bleeding
Bruised arm or leg Apply ice for 20 minutes. Apply compression for 2 hours. Elevate if there is no fracture.
CARESerious Internal Bleeding Call 9-1-1 Care for shock If vomiting occurs, roll victim
onto his or her side
Call 9-1-1.Care for shock.If vomiting occurs, roll victim onto his or her side.
DRESSING BANDAGES
Absorb bloodPrevent infectionProtect the wound
TypesGauze padsAdhesive stripsTrauma dressings Improvised dressings
Hold dressing in place Apply pressure to control bleeding
Prevent or reduce swelling
Support and stabilize an extremity or joint
TypesGauze roller bandagesElastic roller bandagesTriangular bandages
SHOCK
SHOCK
Circulatory system failurePump (heart) failureFluid lossPipe failure (blood vessels)
Results from serious injury or illness
RECOGNIZING SHOCKAltered mental statusNausea and vomitingRapid BreathingUnresponsive in late stages
CARE FOR SHOCK
ANAPHYLAXIS Type of shock
Powerful reaction to substances
that enter the body
Most Common Causes
Sign and Symptons Breathing difficulty Skin reaction Swelling of tongue, mouth,
throat Sneezing, coughing Tightness in chest Blueness around lips and mouth Dizziness Nausea and vomiting
CARE FOR ANAPHYLAXIS Call 9-1-1If victim has his or her own EpiPen auto-injector, help with its use
Remove safety capHold leg stillPush firmly against leg and hold for 10 seconds
USING AND _____________ AUTO-INJECTOR
BURNS
TYPES OF BURNS
___________(heat) Burns
Chemical Burns
___________ Burns
Depth (degree) ________ degree (superficial) – affects outer layer of skin ________ degree (partial thickness) – extends to inner layer of skin
________ degree (full thickness) – penetrate all layers of skin
DEPTH OF BURNS
FIRST DEGREE BURN (SUPERFICIAL)
Characteristics• • • • •No medical care
Examples•Sunburn
SECOND DEGREE BURN (PARTIAL-THICKNESS)
Characteristics• • • • •Medical care for large burn
Examples•Short direct contact with flame•Hot water from stove
THIRD DEGREE BURNS (FULL-THICKNESS)
Characteristics•Dead nerve endings • • • Immediate medical care
Examples•Victim in house fire
EXTENT OF BURNS
Rule of the hand Victim’s hand equals ____% of _______________.
Ask Yourself :
Which parts of body are burned?
Other injuries or medical conditions?
Is patient elderly or very young?
CARE FOR 1ST DEGREE BURNS
Cool burn until pain free.
Apply moisturizer such as ________ _________gel.
Administer OTC pain reliever as needed (ex, __________)
CARE FOR SMALL 2ND DEGREE BURNSCool burn until pain free.
Apply antibiotic ointment.
Cover burn with dry, nonstick, sterile dressing.
Administer OTC pain reliever as needed (eg, ibuprofen).
Seek medical care.
CARE FOR LARGE 2ND DEGREE & 3RD DEGREE BURNS•
• • •
CHEMICAL BURNS
Results from ________ or ________ substance touching the skin
Acids, alkalis, and organic compounds
Chemicals continue to burn as long as they are in
contact with the skin; remove quickly.
CARE FOR CHEMICAL BURNS
• • • •
ELECTRICAL BURNS
Thermal burn (flame caused by electricity)• Clothes catch fire from electrical wire
Arc burn (electricity jumps from one spot to another)
• Spark from electrical wire
True electrical injury (current passes through body)
• Electrocuted from jumper cables
CARE FOR ELECTRICAL BURNS
Make the scene safe.Unplug, disconnect, and turn off electricity.
Check responsiveness and breathing.
Provide CPR if needed.
Care for shock.
Call 9-1-1.