Biology 322Human Anatomy I
Autonomic Nervous System
Autonomic Nervous System
The efferent (motor) component of the peripheral nervous system includes two types of neurons:
Neurons
Neurons
Comparison: Somatic vs Autonomic efferent neurons
Somatic
Autonomic
Voluntary Involuntary Effectors: Skeletal M. Effectors: Cardiac M. Smooth M Glands
Neurons extend from CNS to effectors without synapsing.
Two neurons to get from CNS to effectors; Therefore one synapse."Two neuron chain"
Autonomic Nervous System
Two divisions based on: a) b)
Division of Autonomic Nervous System Preganglionic neuron starts
Preganglionic neuron synapses
Division of Autonomic Nervous System Preganglionic neuron starts
Preganglionic neuron synapses
Sympathetic Division Synapse between preganglionic neuron and postganglionic neuron can occur in either of two sets of ganglia
1)
2) .
Sympathetic Ganglia
Sympathetic Ganglia
Parasympathetic Division Synapse between preganglionic and postganglionic neurons occurs in ganglia very close to the target cells:
1.
Parasympathetic Division Synapse between preganglionic and postganglionic neurons occurs in ganglia very close to the target cells:
2.
Parasympathetic Division Synapse between preganglionic and postganglionic neurons occurs in ganglia very close to the target cells:
2.
Most organs have both sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation, each of which acts in opposition to the other.
Sympathetic:
Parasympathetic:
Most organs have both sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation, each of which acts in opposition to the other.
For example:
Heart: Sympathetic increases heart rate & force of contraction Parasympathetic decreases heart rate & force of contraction
Most organs have both sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation, each of which acts in opposition to the other.
For example:
(Heart: Sympathetic increases rate & force Parasympathetic decreases rate & force )
Lungs: Sympathetic dilates air passages Parasynpathetic constricts air passages
Most organs have both sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation, each of which acts in opposition to the other.
For example:
(Heart: Sympathetic increases rate & force Parasympathetic decreases rate & force )(Lungs: Sympathetic dilates air passages Parasynpathetic constricts air passages)
Digestive System: Sympathetic decreases activity; constricts anal sphincter Parasympathetic increases activity; relaxes anal sphincter
Most organs have both sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation, each of which acts in opposition to the other.
For example:
(Heart: Sympathetic increases rate & force Parasympathetic decreases rate & force )(Lungs: Sympathetic dilates air passages Parasynpathetic constricts air passages)(Digestive System: Sympathetic decreases activity Parasympathetic increases activity)
Urinary System: Sympathetic inhibits urination Parasympathetic promotes urination
Most organs have both sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation, each of which acts in opposition to the other.
For example:
(Heart: Sympathetic increases rate & force Parasympathetic decreases rate & force )
(Lungs: Sympathetic dilates air passages Parasynpathetic constricts air passages)
(Digestive System: Sympathetic decreases activity Parasympathetic increases activity)
(Urinary System: Sympathetic inhibits urination Parasympathetic promotes urination)