Download - Beyond Texts and Test for Promoting a Culture of Multiple Narratives and Critical Thinking
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• Baela Raza Jamil• Amina Naveed Khawaja• Maryam Saba• Maham Ali
Beyond Texts and Test for Promoting a Culture of Multiple Narratives and Critical Thinking
Comparative and International Education Society (CIES) - 10th to 15th March 2014- Toronto
Participation at CIES Supported by: Open Society Foundation (OSF)
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Founders and Partners of CLF
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Outline• Introduction of the Children’s Literature Festival (Pakistan)• Introduction of the Paper• Background • Research Design and Methodology • Results and Analysis• School Based CLFs- Case Study• Conclusion
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Children’s Literature Festival (Pakistan)• A social movement and a response to low levels of learning (ASER 2013) that seeks to promote the love of reading, creativity and
critical thinking in children •11 CLFs since November 2011
• Attended by over 150,000 participants• 60 Book launches at CLFs
• Website: www.childrensliteraturefestival.com
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5
Key Findings from 2012/2013 Assessments: ExtractsLearning Outcomes are very low: Countries as diverse as India, Pakistan, and Uganda face similar learning challenges
Close to 78% of children in Std. III… cannot read Std. II text as yet. Without immediate and urgent help, these children cannot make progress in the education system. ASER India (2013)
Almost 49% children in class 5 will graduate without class 2 level competencies in Urdu/Sindhi , English and Arithmetic. ASER Pakistan (2013)
Only one out of every ten children assessed in Primary 3 was able to read a Primary 2 level story and correctly solve Primary 2 level numeracy questions up to division level. Uganda (2012)
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Children’s Literature Festivals till Date
Mega CLFs
District Level CLF
School Based CLFs
• 5 National CLFs- Lahore, Karachi, Islamabad
• 2 Provincial CLFs- Peshawar, Quetta
• Bahawalpur 2013
• Kanju and Kabal - Swat 2013• Lahore 2014
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Key Outcomes
• Impact Analysis Conducted• Research strand added- 2013 onwards• CLF beyond borders- Replicated by a school system in India & Nepal• 3 School Based CLFs• The First Teachers’ Literature Festival held in February 2014• More Schools interested in school-based CLFs
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Introduction
A shift from a narrative focused on access to one which accounts for access plus quality and learning is vital
Reading for imagination and creativity inspire
children
The school experience for a majority of
children in Pakistan and elsewhere
globally is devoid of such methods of
learning, trapped in the culture of
‘textbooks and tests’
Children’s Literature
Festival (CLF) Pakistan is a
response precisely to such
blocks and divisions across school systems
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Background
Reading
Reading Habits declining in Pakistan
School libraries are either non-existent, inaccessible if present or poorly equipped
NEP (1998), NEP (2009) – endorse libraries and reading
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Research Design & Methodology
Qualitative Impact Study
Across 3 Variables: Reading, Writing, and
Creative Arts
Data collection: Questionnaire and Case
Studies
76 Schools: 61 Lahore:
10 Islamabad, 05 Swat
Comparison across School Categories &
Across Teacher Qualifications
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Research Design &
Methodology
•3 questionnaires: school administration, teachers, students•School based CLFs: 1 school in Urban Lahore and 5 schools in Swat •Total Schools 76
Challenges Faced
•Response bias on the part of school administration•Teachers’ influence on students’ answers•Mitigated through longer interviews with children – the key beneficiaries
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14 Concurrent Strands of CLF - Catering for Large Numbers
Read & Sing Aloud Stories and Songs Theatre and Skits
Workshops on How to Illustrate a Book, Creative Writing & Expression Digital Stories – ICTs; Workshops on Comics Production
Plenary Sessions on: Mother Tongue, Critical Thinking, Textbooks & Curriculum, Inclusion Reclaiming Heritage & Diversity – Museums & Workshops
Active Citizenship – Charter of Compassion Children’s Films
Puppet shows and cartoons Multi-experience Stalls
Bol Key Lab Azaad Hain Terey – speak for your lips are freeOpen Expression for Children in Prose & Poetry –any language (age groups 5-11 & 6-17)
Mural & Art SessionsBook Launches
Book Fair & Learning Stalls of NGOs/Local Partners 12
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Analysis
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45% Moderate to Hi Fee private schools 30% Low cost private schools 26 % Government schools
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
17%
14%
68%
School TypeAll Girls All Boys Co-Ed
Perc
enta
ge
45%
29%
25%
School CategoryPrivate Low-Cost PrivatePublic
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Main Findings
Significant impact
across All categories
62% of the schools
implemented CLF
activities
80% of students’ interest in reading,
writing and arts
increased
58% of the teachers
replicated CLF
activities
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Reading Creative Writing
Creative Arts0%
10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
81% 81% 84%
19% 19% 16%
Improvement in Students According to Management
Yes No
Perc
enta
ge
Reading
Creative Writing
Creative Arts
0%10%
20%30%
40%50%
60%70%
80%90%
100%
70%
54%
71%
30%
46%
29%
Teachers Promoted Activities at School
No Yes
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Reading Creativity0%
10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
95% 90%
5% 10%
Percentage Improvement Accord-ing to Students
Yes No
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New Activities Pedagogical Change CLF Promoted Reading
50% 55% 92%
69% 57% 93%
73% 70% 100%
Comparative Analysis Based on School Categories
Public Low-Cost Private Private
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Measures Taken by Teachers
ReadingCreative Writing Creative
Arts
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
65%46% 65%
35%54%
35%
Private School Yes No
ReadingCreative Writing Creative
Arts
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
75%
50%81%
25%
50%19%
Low-Cost Private SchoolYes No
Reading Creative Writing Creative
Arts
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
75%68% 70%
25% 32% 30%
Public School
Yes No
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Percentage Improvement in Students
Reading
Creativity
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
96%
85%
4%
15%
PrivateNo Yes
Reading
Creativity
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
93%
93%
7%
7%
Low-Cost PrivateNo Yes
Reading
Creativity
0% 20% 40% 60% 80%100%
94%
94%
6%
6%
PublicNo Yes
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New Activities
New Ideas
Replicated
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
67%
77%
56%
33%
23%
44%
Impact on Private School Teachers
Yes No
ReadingCreative Writing Creative Arts
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
81%79% 81%
19% 21% 19%
Percentage Private Schools with an Improvement in Students
Yes No
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ReadingCreative Writing Creative
Arts
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
71% 73% 82%
29% 27% 18%
Percentage Low-Cost Private Schools with an Improvement in
Students Yes No
New Activities
New Ideas
Replicated
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
72%
90%
52%
28%
10%
48%
Impact on Low-Cost Private School Teachers
Yes No
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ReadingCreative Writing Creative
Arts
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
93% 93% 92%
7% 7% 8%
Percentage Public Schools with an Improvement in Students
Yes No
New Activities
New Ideas
Replicated
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
90%
85%
70%
10%
15%
30%
Impact on Public School Teachers
Yes No
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Comparative Analysis based on Teacher Qualification
Masters Bachelors Twelfth0%
10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
66% 59%33%
34% 41%67%
Pedagogical Change based on Teacher QualificationYes No
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Impact on Teachers
New Activ-ities
New Ideas Replicated0%
10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
74%89%
66%
26%11%
34%
MastersYes No
New Activ-ities
New Ideas Replicated0%
10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
73%91%
55%
27%9%
45%
BachelorsYes No
New Activ-ities
New Ideas Replicated0%
10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
100% 100%
25%
0% 0%
75%
TwelfthYes No
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Measures Taken By Teachers
Reading Creative Writing
Creative Arts
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
69%45%
75%
31%55%
25%
MastersYes No
Reading Creative Writing
Creative Arts
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
79%
50%71%
21%
50%29%
BachelorsYes No
Reading Creative Writing
Creative Arts
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
100%
50%
100% 100%
50%
0% 0%
TwelfthYes No
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School Based CLFs- Going Beyond the Pledges
• First two school-based CLFs organized in Kanju and Kabal in district Swat - Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa (KP) province
• Conflict Areas, schools once occupied by militants.
• Two Boys’ Government Schools hosted the CLFs- 19th and 21st December, 2013 inviting many schools in the neighborhood. Some girls schools also came from the vicinity.. !
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Testimonials from Teachers, Students, Parents, & Education Officials – Swat Dec. 2013
A Healing Learning and Feeling Festival “CLFs for the children of Swat were held on 19th and 21st of December, 2013 in the GHSS Kabal and GHS Kanju schools. I was invited to those festivals and was amazed to see the efforts. It was something very new for us and for children. It works on the hidden qualities of students which is very good from their educational point of view.” (Teacher)“I attended the CLF Kanju. The session on Story Telling with expressions was a unique experience for me and I learnt how reading could be made more interesting.” (Student-CLF Kanju)“My expectations from the festival weren’t high when I was invited to the CLF Kanju as I believed it to be an ordinary event similar to other functions that usually happens here. However, at the day of the CLF, I was captivated by the colorful buntings and other decorations at the school….This was the first time ever that I saw such a large number of children enthusiastically participating in a program like this. I am extremely thankful to the organizers of CLF for holding such a program in our area. Without any doubt, such events stimulate the children’s interest in education and tap their hidden potential, bringing out the best in them.” (Parent)“This was a great experience for me and I believe whoever attended this festival, liked it a lot. Such festivals are crucial for our children’s future as they help in bringing out positive changes in them. The CLF brought awareness in our area pertaining to reading and learning.” (Parent-CLF Kabal)“I was spellbound by the number of students participating in the CLF Swat from different areas of Swat. Their participation was truly heartwarming….During the role playing session, I was very excited as it felt I was reliving my own childhood and thoroughly enjoyed myself.” (ADO-P&D Ed Official )
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School Based CLF- Lahore
• Sanjan Nagar School Hima Campus, Lahore• Located in a minority area – host school inviting 5-6 schools
from the neighborhood • SNSS attended three CLFs: CLF Lahore 2011/2013, CLF
Islamabad 2013 – participated in making /rendering of the CLF anthem too
• CLF organized on January 31st 2014• Packed with interactive activities
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Launch & Opening Ceremony of CLF
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A Skit on Punjabi Literature by Primary School
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Special Session on interpretation of “HEER” with Mr.Syed Waseem Alam
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Puppet Show by Sanjan Nagar Students
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A session on Understanding Ghalib the 19th Century Poet by Dr.Arfa Syada Zahra
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Story-telling and Creative writing Sessions
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Session on Power of New Media and its safety measures by Google Pakistan
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A Beautiful Session on PEACE EDUCATION by Rabtt (LUMS Students)
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Session by Misbah Rani on Inclusive Education
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Glimpses of Art Work- Facilitated by Artist Sadaf Naeem
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Certificates/Awards Distribution to students in best writer and Mural Art Category
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Community Participation in the EVENT
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Conclusion
CLF had a significant impact across all school
systems
Greater Impact on Public and Low-
Cost Private Schools
Willingness to replicate CLF
activities greater in Teachers with a
Bachelors or Masters Degree
CLF stands as a challenge to the
current education system in Pakistan
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Questions?