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Bamboo Certification and
Challenge for Industry
Lu WenmingProfessor and Director
Division of International CooperationChinese Academy of Forestry
April 10,2015
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1. Forest Certification Brief
2. Bamboo Forest Certification
3. Challenge for Industry
Contents
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1. Forest Certification Brief
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Role of forest certificationRole of forest certification
As a market based instrument to promote sustainable forest management, forest certification is becoming more and more popular and effective in the world and also in China
Two roles:
– Promote SFM
– Ensure market access, especially international market
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Forest certification schemesForest certification schemes
There are two levels of forest certification schemes International schemes: PEFC and FSC
– PEFC: Largest in certified area– FSC: Earliest in establishment
National schemes:– Over 40, US and Indonesia have 2 national schem
es each– US (SFI and ATFS), Indonesia (LEI and IFCC), Can
ada (CSA), Malaysia (MTCC), Australia (ASF), Chile (Certfor)
– China (CFCC)
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Global forest certification developmentGlobal forest certification development
PEFC, as of December 2014
– Certified area: 263 million ha (largest)
– Forest owners: > 750,000
– COC: 15,804 certificates (China: 210)
FSC, as of February 27, 2015
– Certified area: 186.413 million
– COC: 28,822 certificates (China: 4,333)
– FM/COC: 1,303 certificates
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Forest certification in ChinaForest certification in China
3 forest certification schemes co-exist in China
– China Forest Certification Scheme (CFCS) manage
d by China Forest Certification Council (CFCC), wh
ich is the national scheme in China
– PEFC Scheme
– FSC Scheme
As CFCC was endorsed by PEFC on February 5, 2014
– Currently, in a transition of PEFC and CFCC
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3 forest certification schemes in China
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China Forest Certification Council (CFCC)China Forest Certification Council (CFCC)
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2. Bamboo Forest Certification
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Bamboo forest certification
As a type of forest, bamboo forest can also be certified for:– Timber– Food (bamboo shoots)
Bamboo forest management certification for timber– Similar to forest management certification
For sustainable management– Many schemes (international and national) just us
e forest management certification standard to audit it
– Only two countries have special bamboo forest management certification standards
China and Ecuador (Guadua bamboo)
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Bamboo forest management certification
Different from forest management certification
– No requirement on annual allowance cut (AAC)
– Very short term management plan
– More intensive management
– Less heavy machinery
– Not so strict requirements on biodiversity, due to
a kind of plantation specially monoculture
– More strict requirements on chemical use,
especially for bamboo for food
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Bamboo forest management certification
PEFC just endorses national schemes, does not directly certify forest in China
FSC certified 100 forest management units in China
– Including 17 forest management units of bamboo forest management certification
Using FSC international generic principles and criteria
All for timber, and further chain of custody for bamboo products for export, such as bamboo flooring, bamboo furniture (such as garden furniture)
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Bamboo certification standard in China
Bamboo forest management certification standard
– Developed by the Chinese Academy of Forestry
– I am the team leader
– Effective from December 1, 2014
Bamboo forest management certification audit
directive
– For the convenience of certification body
Later on, operational guidelines for bamboo forest
management certification will be developed and
promulgated
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Bamboo forest
management
certification
standard
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Bamboo forest
management
certification
audit directive
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Bamboo certification for food
Only China has an indirect certification
standard which can apply to bamboo for food
Forest certification in China – Non-wood forest
products management
– Plants: including bamboo shoots
– Animals
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NWFP
certification
standard
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NWFP
certification
audit directive
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3. Challenges for Industry
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Challenges for industryChallenges for industry
More and better opportunities than challenges
– Both for bamboo forest managers
– And for bamboo processing industries
– As well as bamboo products export traders
Brief analysis is both for bamboo forest managers
and for bamboo processing industries
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Challenges for bamboo managersChallenges for bamboo managers Challenges for bamboo forest managers: As mostly small
and household operation– Higher standard management system, such as bamboo
forest management plan– Higher requirements for management practices,
environmental, social and economic– Higher costs, both direct for auditing and indirect for
improvement– Stronger coordination for association, due to group
certification But benefits:
– Increased economic income– Better marketing– Better social responsibility– Better environmental conservation
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Challenges for bamboo manufacturesChallenges for bamboo manufactures
Challenges for bamboo processing industries: As mostly small and medium enterprises (SME)– Higher standard management system– Not very easy access to certified bamboo raw
materials– Not stable order for export– Higher costs, but not significant
But benefits:– Increased economic income– Better international market access– Better image for social responsibility and
environmental conservation
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Certification of bamboo for foodCertification of bamboo for food Challenges for bamboo certification for food
– Not strong domestic market demand– Export is mainly for Japan, where environmental
awareness is still weak– As certification is just for management sustainability, not
for food security (although a little) Consumers care for more security than sustainability So, market demand needs to be cultivated
Benefits (foreseeing as no one certified right now):– Much higher price premium (as other NWFP do)– Relatively higher food security– Better market access– Better social responsibility and environmental
conservation
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Thank You