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PRESENTED BY:Bob Eller, PresidentRobert Eller Associates LLCPhone: 330-670-9566E-mail: [email protected] Site: www.robertellerassoc.com
AUTOMOTIVE INTERIORS TECHNOLOGY RESPONSES TO ECONOMIC AND GLOBALIZATION PRESSURES
PREPARED FOR:
Auto Interiors ShowDetroit, MI
June 5, 2008R/mydox/papers/ATI 08.ppt
ManagementDECISIONSANALYSIS
MARKET
ECONOMIC
TECHNICAL
Robert Eller Associates LLCCONSULTANTS TO THE PLASTICS AND RUBBER INDUSTRIES
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PRESENTATION OBJECTIVES
• IDENTIFY MACRO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS ON AUTOMOTIVE INTERIORS
• EXAMINE AUTOMOTIVE SUPPLY CHAIN TURBULENCE EFFECTS
• IDENTIFY THE DRIVING FORCES FOR AUTOMOTIVE INTERIORS SUBSTITUTION
• PROVIDE AN OVERVIEW OF CURRENT/FUTURE INTERIORS TECHNOLOGIES
• EXAMINE THE PLASTIC RESIN FABRICATION TECHNOLOGY COUPLE
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U.S. REAL GDP GROWTH
0
1
2
3
4
5
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007Est.
2008Fcst.
SOURCE: ROBERT ELLER ASSOCIATES LLC, 2008 b/mydox/Auto Indus try/US Vehicle Sales .xls
Gro
wth
, %/y
r.
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U.S. DOLLAR DECLINETRADE-WEIGHTED VALUE OF U.S DOLLAR
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
March 1973 = 100
SOURCE: FEDERAL RESERVE BOARD r/mydox/papers/ACS08-Global Ind Vol.xls
Exch
. Val
ue, U
SD
SOURCE: FEDERAL RESERVE BOARDR/mydox/papers/ATI 08.ppt
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GLOBAL VEHICLE SALES OUTLOOK
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2012SOURCE: GENERAL MOTORS
r/mydox/papers/ACS08-Global Ind Vol.xls
Veh.
Sal
es,
MM
Uni
ts
Annual Growth1990-2000 2.3%2000-2006 2.8%2006-2012 3.8% 2012:
852007:
71
2000: 57
GENERAL MOTORSR/mydox/papers/ati 08.PPT
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U.S. GDP GROWTH RATE & VEHICLE PRODUCTIONYEAR GDP
GROWTHRATE,
%
N. AMERICANVEHICLEPROD'N.,MM UNITS
Y/Y PROD'N.DECLINE/GAIN, %
NOTE/EXAMPLE
2001 0.8
16.316.316.415.9
15.5
2008 1.5 14.5 -6.9 Profitability decline, credit difficult to obtain, further acq’ns. of distressed suppliers
16.3?
9/11 attack2002 1.7
41.20.00.6-3.0
-2.5
2003 2.42004 3.72005 3.1 Profitability decline2006 2.9 Profitability decline, bailouts,
consolidation2007 2.2 Profitability decline, bailouts,
consolidation
2012SOURCES: IMF, WARD'S, ROBERT ELLER ASSOCIATES LLC, 2008
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REGIONAL AUTO MARKET GROWTHVEHICLE SALES HISTORY BY REGION, 2000-2007
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Global Tot.Europe
Tot. AP Tot. NA Tot. LA China India
SOURCE: ROBERT ELLER ASSOCIATES LLC, 2008 b/mydox/papers/ACS08-Global Ind Vol.xls
Veh.
Sls
., M
M U
nit
20002007
6.9% -0.6%3% 1.9% 10.4% 21.3% 13.2% CAGR
SOURCE: ROBERT ELLER ASSOCIATES LLC, 2008R/mydox/papers/ATI 08.ppt
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0.0
0.0
0.0
0.4
4.6
1.0
1.4
0.9
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0
VIETNAM
PHILLIPPINES
AUSTRALIA
TAIWAN
MALAYSIA
INDONESIA
THAILAND
INDIA
KOREA
CHINA
JAPAN
VEHICLE PRODUCTION, ASIA (MM UNITS)
2005
2012
7MM NEW VEHICLES ARE EXPECTED TO COME FROM CHINA, INDIA AND THAILAND BY 2012.
SOURCES: CSM; ROBERT ELLER ASSOCIATES LLC, 2008
PROJECTED AUTO PROD'N. IN ASIA: 2005-2012
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FUEL EFFICIENCY REQUIREMENTS WILL DRIVE SUBSTITUTION
GAS PRICES vs. FUEL EFFICIENCY (2007)
$0
$1
$2
$3
$4
$5
$6
$7
U.S. JAPAN EUROPE
SOURCE: AUTO NATIONr/mydox/papers/ATI08-FUEL.xls
USD
/Gal
.
Taxes AddedCore Gasoline
21 MPG
36 MPG
$3.11/gal$0.40 tx
$2.71
$1.88 tx
$2.36
$4.24/gal
$6.14/gal
$4.11 tx
$2.03
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U.S. VEHICLE FUEL EFFICIENCY
N. AMERICAN VEHICLES HAVE GAINED WEIGHT, INCREASED HORSEPOWER, AND NOT IMPROVED FUEL EFFICIENCY (MPG)
OVER THE LAST 20 YEARS
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
1987 1997 2007SOURCE: EPA
r/mydox/papers/ACS08-FUEL.xls
VEH
. WT.
, LB
S
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
FUEL
EFF
ICIE
NC
YO
R H
OR
SEPO
WER
Vehicle WeightAdj. Fuel EfficiencyHorsepower
FUEL
EFF
ICIE
NC
Y O
R H
P
SOURCE: EPAR/mydox/papers/ATI 08.ppt
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CHANGE IN US VEHICLE SALES VOLUME 2006-2007
-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200UNITS (THOUSANDS)
FULL-SIZE SUV, -15%
STD FULL-SIZE CAR, -24%
FULL-SIZE MPV, -18%MID-SIZE PICKUP, -16%
STD SPECIALTY, -11%
COMPACT, +4%
FULL-SIZE CROSSOVER, +69%
MID-SIZE CROSSOVER, +74%STD MID-SIZE, +8%
COMPACT SUV, +24%
SOURCE: ROBERT ELLER ASSOCIATES LLC, 2008 b/mydox/Auto Industry/US Vehicle Sales
U.S. VEHICLE FLEET COMPOSITION SHIFT, 2006-2007
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FLEET TRENDS: AUTOPLASTICS IMPACTS
“Cheaper small cars are part of VW’s U.S. plan.” AUTO NEWS, 3-10-2008
“As dollar dives, automakers juggle global strategies.” AUTO NEWS, 3-10-2008
“In Geneva, the focus was on the U.S. – how to cope with the currency crunch and adapt Europe’s green technology in a country headed for $4 gasoline.” AUTO NEWS 3-10-2008
“As automakers feel heat from environmental movement, engineers find solutions that are quick, clean and cheap.”AUTO NEWS, 3-10-2008
“U.S. Auto Makers Show European Flair” WSJ 3-25-2008
b/mydox/SPE TPO 08/Headlines
SOURCE: ROBERT ELLER ASSOCIATES LLC, 2008R/mydox/papers/AutoInteriors08.ppt
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VEHICLE PP (kg)
PP/PLASTICS(%)
Citroen C4 90 5652
51
47
44Ford Mondeo 72 41
Fiat 500 60 49
Mercedes C-Class 72 34
Toyota Aygo 47
Toyota Auris 71
Toyota Yaris 64
Opel Corsa 65
EUROPEAN SMALL CARS ARE PP INTENSIVE
Source: Mavel
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KEY AUTOMOTIVE TRENDS & DRIVING FORCESTREND AUTOPLASTICS IMPACT
Dollar weakness - Foreign investment in N. America (state wealth, plastics fabricators)
- Increased U.S. vehicle exportsStagnant Western auto growth/rapid non-West. auto growth
- Investment in non-Western regions by U.S. Tier 1s- Reluctant U.S. capex by U.S. Tier 1s- Plastics suppliers invest in non-Western regions
Raw material price increase
- Tier 1/compounder profitability squeeze- TPO preference- Optimize material efficient solutions- Fabrication technology optimization trend (reduced unit operations, scrap reduction)
- Petrochem investment shift to monomer-rich regions (asset light strategies)
- Autoplastics supply chain consolidationFuel efficiency pressures
- U.S. fleet shift toward PP intensive vehicles- Light-weight solutions gain share
Cont’d. U.S. domestic OEM share loss
- Japanese/European/Korean Tier 1 and TPE compounder share gain
SOURCE: ROBERT ELLER ASSOCIATES LLC, 2008
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AUTOPLASTIC SUPPLY CHAIN IMPLOSION
PETROCHEM PRICEINCREASES
GLOBALCOMPETITION
OFFSHORECOMPETITION
IMPORTEDCOMPETITORS
HARDBALL PURCHASINGPRESSURES
RAW MATERIALPRICE INCREASES
VEHICLE PRICEDECREASES
FUEL COSTS(PROD. LINE FIT)
LEGACY COSTS,LABOR PRESSURES
PRICECOMMODITIZATION
SHIFT TO MOREATTRACTIVE MARKETS
MATERIALSTECHNOLOGY
LAG
ELIMINATION OFEXTRA STEPS
PROCESSTECHNOLOGY
LAG
LEGACYCOSTS
RAW MATERIALS COMPOUNDER TIER 1 FABRICATOR ASSEMBLY
TIER 2, 3SUPPLIERS
MKT. SHARELOSS
OVERCAPACITY
STOCKHOLDERPRESSURES
PRESSURES PASSED DOWNTHE SUPPLY CHAIN:
PRICING PRESSURES
SUPPLY CHAIN "MANAGEMENT"
DEMAND SLOWDOWN
REVISED SPECIFICATIONS
GLOBALIZATION PRESSURES
ELIMINATE/REDUCE THE INEFFICIENCIES:- MULTIPLE STEPS- EXCESSIVE LOGISTICS- SCRAP GENERATION- INEFFICIENT PROCESS TECHNOLOGIES- SALES/MARKETING COSTS- EXCESS LABOR COSTS- OVER-GLOBALIZATION?
SOURCE: ROBERT ELLER ASSOCIATES LLC, 2008r/mydox/papers/ACS08-Implosion2008.vsd // lg/myfiles/Visio/ACS-08Implosion2008.vsd
PROD'N.DECLINE
SOURCE: ROBERT ELLER ASSOCIATES LLC, 2008R/mydox/papers/ATI 08.ppt
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• Supply chain implosion drives resin/compound/ fabrication/technical innovation (restraining effect of cash/profitability crunch)
• Resin suppliers forward integration to compounding?
• Tier 1s shifting to in-line compounding• Expanding resin property envelopes• Strengthening of Japanese resin suppliers/
compounders in N. America and Europe• Renewed growth of European compounders in
N. America ($ weakness driver?)
SUPPLY CHAIN SHIFT/FLEET COMPOSITION EFFECTS
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EXAMPLE TECHNOLOGY SHIFTS IN AUTO INTERIORS
• Multi-component molding (several processes) • In-line compounding (ILC, DLFRT, IMC)• Interior semi-structural substitutions• Elimination of IP cross-car beam?• Thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) growth (olefinic and
styrenic) - Styrenic TPE vs. olefinic TPE for airbag doors- Body seal substitution for EPDM rubber
• Growth of injection molded foams • Increased use of single compound for multiple interior
and exterior components (Fiat 500 example)• Innovation in rear storage area • Continued substitution for thermoset rubbers• Lighting innovation• Plastic glazing effects
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NEW HIGH GROWTH TPE FABRICATION TECH.:LARGE-PART, 2-SHOT MOLDING
CURRENT PROCESS 2-SHOT
COMPOUNDING
MAKE SKIN
TRIM SKIN
BACK-FOAM
TRIM
TRIMMED SKIN
PU FOAMFORMULATION
SUB-STRATE
NON-RECYCLABLE SCRAP
DOOR TRIM OR INSTRUMENT PANEL
ASSEMBLY
SCRAP
MOLDSUBSTRATE
SUBSTRATERESIN
TPE COMPOUND(CAN BE FOAMABLE)
SHOT 1
SHOT 2
3-LAYERDOOR TRIM
ORINSTRUMENT
PANEL
ASSEMBLY
- LABOR INTENSIVE- HIGH SCRAP- MULTI STEP
- MULTI MATERIAL- NON-RECYCLABLE- DIFFICULT CRAFTSMANSHIP
- LOW LABOR- LOW SCRAP- SINGLE STEP
- 1-2 CLOSELY RELATED MATERIAL FAMILIES- EASILY RECYCLED- HIGH CRAFTSMANSHIP
SOURCE: ROBERT ELLER ASSOCIATES LLC, 2008r/mydox/papers/ACS08-LgPt2Shot08.vsd // lg/myfiles/Visio/ACS08-LgPt2Shot08.vsdSOURCE: ROBERT ELLER ASSOCIATES LLC, 2008R/mydox/papers/ATI 08.ppt
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2-Shot Molded Door Medallion
Vehicle: Dodge Caliber ('07)Molder: LearMaterial: Thermoplastic Elastomer On PP
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LARGE-PART, 2-SHOT, SOFT TOUCH MOLDING
Part: Instrument Panel UpperSkin Compound: COPE (Foamed Pibiflex from P Group) Substrate: PBT/ASA (UltradurR S4090IGX from BASF)Injection Machine: Engel Foam Technology: TrexelSOURCE: ROBERT ELLER ASSOCIATES LLC, 2008
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Photo Source: Plastics News
Vehicle: Chrysler Jeep Liberty '08Skin: Localized TPE soft touch
Process: 2-shotTier 1: IAC
2-SHOT, SOFT TOUCH BROADENS APPLICATIONS
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Product: Fan shroudManufacturer: Sur-FloMaterial Type: TPV (Nexprene)TPE Supplier: Solvay Engineering PolymersNote: Used in Dodge Ram HD pickup
SIDE BY SIDE 2-SHOT MOLDING
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SEQUENTIAL 2 COMPONENT WATER ASSIST
Two approaches: Fluid transfer and melt breakthroughCompetition: 3D sequential co-extrusion blow molding Developer: IKV (Germany)e.g. mat'ls.: PP (hard segment) + TPE (soft segment)Initial example applications: cooling ducts, air intakes
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IN-LINE COMPOUNDING(ILC)
• Competes with glass mat thermoplastic (GMT) - ILC generally has better properties
• Example current/potential applications: - Seat pans/backs- Door hardware module/door carrier - Hatchback inner panel- IP carrier - Rear trunk module
-- load floor-- spare tire well
- Underbody shields
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PROPERTY UNITS ILC-PP LGF-PP % GAIN FOR ILC
9.7 -1
-1
+28
+25
+50
8.1
145
201
Tens. Mod. GPA
33
9.8
8.2
113
161.3
22
Flex. Mod. GPA
Tens. Str. MPA
Flex. Str. MPA
Notched Izod KJ/M2
ILC PROPERTIES vs. LGF PELLETS
Source: Husky
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IN-LINE COMPOUNDING: CURRENT STATUS
• Example of efficient supply chain response• Starting with GF reinforced resins • Competes with LGF-PP, concentrates, GMT
- ILC generally has better properties - ILC raw material cost, process cost save vs. LGF-PP- Equipment costs 50-75%> conventional injection- Large parts (<5 lbs.) favor ILC- LGF-PP has 80-85% market share
• 3 equipment suppliers competing (Krauss Maffei in lead)• Example interior applications:
- Seat pans/backs- Door hardware module/door carrier - Hatchback inner panel- IP carrier - Rear trunk module
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SPARE TIRE WELL: SUBSTITUTION TARGET
Vehicle: Mercedes C-ClassWeight: 4.3 kgSubstitution drivers: - Impact strength for crash resist.- Ability to integrate shape features - Corrosion resistance
Mat'l.: GMT-PP combi-nation (random glass mat & fabric)
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SPARE TIRE WELL: NATURAL FIBER TARGET
Vehicle: Mercedes A-ClassMaterial: Abaca fiber/PPSubstitution drivers: - Good stiffness weight balance- Green solution- Energy saving (natural fiber vs. glass roving)
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CARGO MGT.: INNOVATION TARGET ZONE
Vehicles: Ford: Escape, Mariner, TributeCover: Blow molded PPWell Structure: Expanded PP foam Surface: Molded-in carpet
Sources: Zumhagen Co.; Robert Eller Associates LLC, 2008
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BIOPOLYMER CANDIDATES
• Natural Fibers:- vegetable (bast, kenaf, leaf, fruit, wood)- animal (wool, hair)- mineral (long/short glass mats, basalt) - carbon fibers (high-end applications)
• Polylactic Acid (PLA)
• Soy (Ford seating)
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RECENT TOYOTA BIOPOLYMER ACTIVITY
• Past Kenaf use: in 27 (mostly high end) models since 2000
• Recent Kenaf commitment:- Toyota Boshoku starting integrated production
facility in Indonesia from seeds through molded parts
- Joint development with Indonesian Tobacco and Fiber Crops Research Institute (ITFCRI)
- Key challenges are-- stabilization of quality-- cost efficiencies via volume production
• Seed quality is key-- stable crop yields-- ability to grow in arid regions
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BIOPOLYMER CANDIDATES FOR AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS
BIOPOLYMERS
MATRIX
HC-BASED(E.G., PP)
BIOPOLYMER-PLA-POLYAL-
KANOATE-SOY
NATURAL
FIBERS
SYNTHETIC
VEGETABLE ANIMAL(E.G., WOOL, HAIR)
MINERAL CARBON HC-BASED BIO-BASED(BIOFIBERS)
VIRGIN REGEN-ERATED
-FLAX-HEMP-KENAF-HENNEQUIN-JUTE
-SISAL-CURANA-BANANA-BAMBOO
-COTTON-KAPOTE
-COCONUT -PINE-OTHERS
BASTFIBERS LEAF SEED FRUIT WOOD
WOODFLOUR
WOODFIBER
LONGGLASS
SHORTGLASS
-MATS-REINFORCED MOLDING COMP'D.-DIRECT COMPOUNDED
SOURCE: ROBERT ELLER ASSOCIATES, INC., 2007
NOTE: (a) CANDIDATE FOR HEADLINERS (TOYOTA)
BASALT
-FIBERS(a)
PLA POLYAL-KANOATE
re/mydox/Nissan/Nissan-auto biopolymer 04.vsdlg/myfiles/visio/Nissan-auto biopolymer 04.vsdSOURCE: ROBERT ELLER ASSOCIATES LLC, 2008 r/mydox/papers/ATI 08.ppt
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NATURAL FIBER APPLICATIONS
HEADLINERKENBOARD-FOAMTM
SPARE WHEEL COVERKENBOARDTM/LoPreFinTM
ELECTRONIC COVERKENBOARDTM/
LoPreFinTM
PARCEL TRAYLoPreFinTM/KENBOARDTM/
KENBOARD-FOAM TM
DOOR INTERIOR TRIM KENBOARD TM
DOOR INSERTS LoPreFin TMCARPET COVER
KENBOARDTM/LoPreFinTM
INSTRUMENT PANELLoPreFinTM
BUSINESS TABLELoPreFinTM
SOURCE: R+S TECHNIK GmbHre/mydox/Nissan/nis-Nat Fib Apps 04.vsdlg/myfiles/Visio/nis-Nat Fib Apps 04.vsd
SOURCE: R+S TECHNIK GmbH r/mydox/papers/ATI 08.ppt
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34Quelle und Foto: Daimler Chrysler 24
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PATHS TO AUTOMOTIVE MARKET FOR NATURAL AND BIOFIBERS
MECHANICALPROCESSING
SOURCE: ROBERT ELLER ASSOCIATES, INC., 2007
PLANTSBIO
PROCESSING
NATURALFIBERS (NFs)
BIOFIBERS
BIOMATRIXRESINS
BLENDING WITHHC RESINS
BIOMATRIXRESINS
GLASS FIBERMAKING
FIBER PREP
GLASS
WASTE,VIRGINFIBERSOURCES
GLASSFIBERS
OTHERNFs
SYNTHETICFIBERS
TEXTILES
OTHERLAYERS
BONDINGAGENTS
MAT
MOLDED MATS
BIO FIBERBIO RESIN MATRIX
BIO OR NF IN HCRESIN MATRIX
BLENDING
MAT MOLDINGAND LOFTING
MOLDED PARTS
MOLDING OREXTRUSION
dl
SOURCE: ROBERT ELLER ASSOCIATES LLC, 2008 r/mydox/papers/ATI 08.ppt
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LEDs AND LIGHT PIPES SHIFT INTERIOR LIGHTING
Technology: LEDs, gaining power, smaller footprint Applications: Cascading illumination, instruments, logosSubstitution drivers: - Night/day lighting- Reduced night vision interference- Lighting footprint reduction- Cost save vs. bulbs
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PU CONTINUES DOMINATION OF HIGH END
Vehicle: BMW 5 SeriesPart: Center front armrestsMaterial: Molded PU
Photo Source: Grammer
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TREND TOWARD SELF-SUPPORTING IPs?
Eliminates cross-car beamDimensions: Narrower/thinner IP; frees up spaceSome displays: Invisible until requiredCommercial status: 3 launches in 2008? Tier 1: Faurecia
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- 2007 DCX DODGE RAM- SUPPLIER: JYCO (COMPOUND, PROFILE, DESIGN)- LITTLE GUY SCOOPS THE BIG GUYS- MATERIAL: o-TPV- FIRST o-TPV DYNAMIC BODY SEALSOURCE: JYCO
BODY/GLAZING SEALS: EPDM SUBSTITUTION ACCELERATES
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Photo Source: Robert Eller Associates LLC
Vehicle: BMW (2-color door trim panel)2-color Skin Supplier: TS TrimSubstrate: Wood fiber/PPTier 1: JCI
CONTINUED GROWTH OF 2-TONE
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Photo Source: Robert Eller Associates LLC
LEATHER PROLIFERATION
Vehicle: CorvetteSkin: Leather upperSubstrate: PPTier 1: IAC
Notes:- Invisible (seamless)
airbag cover- Logo in leather
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Vehicle: None yet Tier 1: JCIProcess: "Perfect Fit" TF skin, injection molded substrateNote: Perfect Fit minimizes gaps between surfaces and colors. Perfect Fit is evolution of CrafTec process. Decoration can be via painting or stitching (JCI CrafTec process).
Photo Source: Automotive News
CRAFTSMANSHIP EXAMPLE
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Vehicle: Fiat 500Resin supplier: Borealis (Daplan EE168AE)Molder: Plastal (Poland)Resin: Single material TPO
(also used for exteriors and bumper)
MONO TPO SOLUTIONS TAKING OFF
Photo Source: Fiat
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Vehicle: Chev. Malibu '08
Module: Instrument panel
Tier 1: Faurecia
Photo Source: Robert Eller Associates LLC
INTERIOR UPGRADE EXAMPLE
Notes: - 2-tone TPO skin (O'Sullivan)- Deep instrument cluster- Sculptured 2-tone surface
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Vehicle: Chevrolet Malibu ('08) Component: Rear door trim panel Tier 1: JCINotes: - Broad color range, contrasting colors break up
monotone look- Faurecia is IP Tier 1; Delphi is console Tier 1
Photo Source: Robert Eller Associates LLC
INTERIOR UPGRADE EXAMPLE
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Vehicle: Chevrolet Malibu 2008Module: Front door trim panel Tier 1: JCI? Note: 2-tone skin/foam 60% coverage
Photo Source: Robert Eller Associates LLC
INTERIOR UPGRADE EXAMPLE
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Vehicle: Dodge Ram (2009) Module: Instrument panel Tier 1: VisteonUpper Panel: TPORetainer: PC/ABS
Photo Source: Robert Eller Associates LLC
USE OF TPO SKIN AND DESIGN UPGRADE
Notes: - Stitching on sport version - 2-tone tech. (all trim levels) - Upper and lower glove boxes;
large, best-in-class glove box volume
- Redesigned instr. cluster face - Lg. HVAC louvers in center stack
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Vehicle: Ford F-150Module: Instrument PanelTier 1: JCI (via Saline plant
acquired from ACH)
Photo Source: Robert Eller Associates LLC
ONE PIECE IP TOPPER PAD APPROACH
Notes: - Large, visible, vertical
airbag door- Integrated Topper pad
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COMPONENT CHALLENGER INCUMBENTDoor trim skin - 2-shot TPE - TF-TPO
- PUs- LGF-PP- PU foam- PU spray- Slush(a)- TF-PP- GF-PU
Spare tire tubs - LGF-PP- ILC-PP; GMT
- Steel- SMC
GF-PP applic. (several) - ILCHeadrest/some seat applic. - EPPIP skin - PU/IM 2-shot
- TPE 2-shot
Headliner substrate - Ltwt. GMT
SOME EXAMPLE INTERMATERIALS/ INTERPROCESS COMPETITIONS
Note: (a) May be TPU, PVC, TPE slushSOURCE: ROBERT ELLER ASSOCIATES LLC, 2008
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SUMMARY
• Macroeconomics: - driving + limiting technology innovation (in U.S.)- severe profitability squeeze
• Supply chain turbulence will continue and reshape: - industry structure (path to market)- interiors technologies- profitability
• Fuel prices:- major weight-save driving force- shifting fleet composition (OEM profitability
impacts)
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SUMMARY (Cont'd.)
• Interiors technology drivers:- internationalization of the N. American fleet- supply chain efficiency- upgrade quality/craftsmanship requirements- PP continued share gain (via new technologies)- GF-PP structural capability share gains - bioplastics share gain
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BOTTOM LINE
• Economic and market drivers are in place.
• Improved interiors technologies are available.
• Capital availability/willingness to commit in N. America uncertain.