Download - Atom Ions and Isotopes.notebook
Atom Ions and Isotopes.notebook
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October 15, 2014
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WEDNESDAY, OCT. 15
1. The mass number of the atom is the total number of________________ & ____________________.
2. What are the three particles in an atom and what is each oftheir charges?
3. The symbol for elements is commonly written like the example
shown to the right. a. What does the 16 represent?____________________________ b. What does the 8 represent?____________________________ c. What is the name of the element?________________________
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4. Write the appropriate symbol (like the one above with numbers) for aluminum. ___________
5. Use the Diagram Below to Answer the Following Questions:
a. Which element is represented in element X? _________
b. Which element is represented in element Y? _______
c. Which element (if any) has the greater mass number? ______
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Atoms, Ions, and Isotopes
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Quick Review
• Atoms are made up of three particles:
• Which of the three particles identifies what element an atom is?
neutronprotonnucleuselectron
LABEL THE ATOM
PUSH
PROTONS NEUTRONS ELECTRONS
PROTONS
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Review• Most of an atom's mass is contained in the nucleus
• Check out the comparison chart below:
Notice how protons and neutrons have about the same mass, but electrons are much smaller
PARTICLE SYMBOL MASS RELATIVE MASS
Proton p+ 1.67 x 1027 kg 1 amu
Neutron n0 1.67 x 1027 kg 1 amu
Electron e 9.11 x 1031 kg 1/1840 amu
Proton
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Different Forms of the Same Element
• In any element, the # of protons is always constant
• Number of electrons and neutrons can vary within an element without changing the identity of the element> Ex. Carbon (C) ALWAYS has 6 protons, but it can have 68 neutrons and 210 electrons
• Mass Number can change also > Mass Number = Protons + Neutrons
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Isotopes• An ISOTOPE is a form of an element that has a different number of neutrons than “normal”
• Carbon has three isotopes: Carbon12, Carbon13, Carbon14
Notice how the # of protons does NOT change!
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http://educationportal.com/academy/lesson/atomicnumberandmassnumber.html#lesson
Protons and Neutrons
InstructionsBelow you will practice figuring out the different protons, electrons, and neutrons for the table. I have left some open to help you out, but once you have an answer click on the cell shade to reveal the answers. If you need the periodic table click on the animal below
to go to the periodic table.
Protons and Neutrons
PreviousPrevious NextNext
Isotope Number of p+ Number of e Number of no Nuclear Symbol
Hydrogen2 1
Helium3 2
Lithium7 73Li
Beryllium9 4
Boron11
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IONS• An atom usually has a neutral charge• That means it has the same number of protons
as electrons – Remember, a proton has a positive charge and an electron has a negative charge
• ION – an atom that has lost or gained one or more electrons and has become charged either positively or negatively
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Positive Ions: "CATIONS"• When an atom LOSES electrons, it becomes
more POSITIVE
• You are getting rid of negative particles (electrons) but your number of positive particles (protons) are staying the same.> In other words, you are
subtracting negative numbers
WHY??
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Negative Ions: "ANIONS"
• When an atom GAINS electrons it becomes more NEGATIVE
• Electrons have a negative charge, so the more you have, the more negative you become
WHY?
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Representing Ions• Ions are represented by placing a “superscript” charge number next to the atomic symbol
• Examples > O2 = oxygen with a negative 2 charge
> K+ = potassium with a positive 1 charge
> N3 = nitrogen with a negative 3 charge
oxygen gains 2 electrons
nitrogen gains 3 electrons
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Isotopes
NextNextPreviousPrevious
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EXAMPLE 1:
1. Neutral Sodium (Na) atoms have ____ protons and ____electrons with a net charge of ______.
2. If the Sodium ion gives one electron away, what is the net charge of the ion? ________.
3. What is the chemical symbol for this ion? ______________
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EXAMPLE 2:
1. Neutral Chlorine (Cl) atoms have ____ protons and ____electrons with a net charge of ____. 2. If the Chlorine ion gets one extra electron, what is the net charge of the ion? ______. 3. What is the chemical symbol for this ion? ______________
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Examples
ISOTOPE
ION
134 ION
33 ISOTOPE
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Assignment Instructions
Drag and drop the appropriate amount of subatomic particles to create the assigned atom. Be sure to note the charge of the atom.
Do not press "restart" when done. Proceed to the next slide and create that atom.
Atom 1: Lithium (+1 ion)
Li 1+7
3
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Atom 2: Carbon (neutrally charged)
C12
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Atom 3: Oxygen (2 ion)
O216 8
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Atom 4: Magnesium (+2 ion)
Mg 2+ 24 12
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