ATHLETIC INJURIES
The most likely time for injury to occur is within the first 6-8 weeks of beginning a new activity or exercise
INJURIES
SPRAIN
Condition caused by a violent, sudden stretching of a joint or ligament.
Treatment of a sprained ankle
DISLOCATION
End of a bone is pushed out of it’s joint
DO NOT ATTEMPT TO FIX THIS BY YOURSELF!!!
Shoulder Reduction Dislocated kneeDISLOCATED ELBOW
TENDONITIS
When a tendon is stretched or torn…Example is “Tennis Elbow”
Treatment: REST, MEDICINES, PHYSICAL THERAPY
Tendon = connects Muscle to Bone
Note: FEET
Study done by the PA College of Podiatric Medicine found that the average person in a
lifetime walks 115,000 miles = 4X around the world
MUSCLE CRAMPS
When a muscle contracts tightly and will not relax
Treatment: MASSAGE, MOVEMENT, HEAT, PROPER WARM-UP, FLUIDS
Is caused by a temporary lack of food or oxygen to the muscle…loss of large amount of salt and water through sweating…tired or overworked due to strenuous exercise
FAST TWITCH VS SLOW TWITCH
FAST TWITCH explosive muscle fibers
Sprinters
SLOW TWITCH endurance fibers Long Distance Runners
HEAT EXHAUSTION
Body overheats with the loss of a large amount of water and salt
SYMPTOMS: Pale, moist skin…dizziness…headache…shortness or breath….nausea
HEAT STROKE
Body overheats
SYMPTOMS: Sudden collapse…rapid pulse…muscle twitching…difficulty breathing…skin is dry (no sweat)
TREATMENT: Move to a cool place…loosen clothing…spray or sponge them with cold water…call 911 (check for a pulse)
FROSTBITE
Body tissue freezes
DUE TO: prolonged exposure to freezing or near freezing temperatures
MOST OFTEN OCCURS TO: chin…cheeks…nose…ears…fingers
TREATMENT: depends upon the amount and severity of exposure but…may need to get to the hospital…gradually warm the area
BLOOD POOLING
The build up of blood in the muscle tissue due to sudden stopping of exercise
Person may pass out… THIS IS WHY YOU NEED TO DO A PROPER
COOL DOWN AFTER EXERCISE!!!
COMPOUND FRACTURE
Break causes the bone to separate into two pieces as well as penetrate through the skin
ANKLESplinting
ERGONOMICS
Definition: Science in which human capabilities, limitations, and other characteristics are identifies and applied to the design of the work place in terms of tools, machines, systems, tasks, jobs and environments for safe, comfortable and effective human use.
Goals of Ergonomics and Human Factors Research•Reduce occurrence and cost of accidents and injuries•Improve well-being and efficiency of industries and organizations•To optimize performance•Decrease physical and cognitive stresses in the worker•Increase job satisfaction and productivity•Improve worker – management relations
Fitness Bingo
Simple FractureCompound FractureIncomplete FractureWt/Ht2 X 704.5Body Mass Index (BMI)CaliperIsotonicIsometricAsthmaMuscle StrengthCarpal TunnelHerniaDislocationTarget Heart RateLifetime SportFlexibilityHypothermia
AnaerobicCompressionPhysical FitnessBasal MetabolismHeat Exhaustion3SprainSedentaryCartiladgeAerobicStrainBruiseTendonCalorieMaximum Heart Rate (MHR)LigamentFrostbiteCramps6-8