Association of Southeast Association of Southeast Asian NationsAsian Nations
ESTABLISHMENT AND ESTABLISHMENT AND MEMBERSHIPMEMBERSHIP
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations or ASEAN was The Association of Southeast Asian Nations or ASEAN was established on 8 August 1967 in Bangkok by the five original established on 8 August 1967 in Bangkok by the five original Member Countries, namely, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Member Countries, namely, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines,
Singapore, and Thailand. Singapore, and Thailand. Brunei Darussalam joined on 8 January 1984Brunei Darussalam joined on 8 January 1984
Vietnam on 28 July 1995Vietnam on 28 July 1995Laos and Myanmar on 23 July 1997Laos and Myanmar on 23 July 1997
Cambodia on 30 April 1999Cambodia on 30 April 1999
The ASEAN region has a population of about 500 million,The ASEAN region has a population of about 500 million, A total area of 4.5 million square kilometers A total area of 4.5 million square kilometers
A combined gross domestic product of US$737 billion A combined gross domestic product of US$737 billion A total trade of US$ 720 billion.A total trade of US$ 720 billion.
The Establishment of ASEANThe Establishment of ASEAN
Bangkok, 8 August 1967
Goals of ASEANGoals of ASEAN
To accelerate the economic growth, social To accelerate the economic growth, social progress and cultural development in the progress and cultural development in the region through joint endeavors; andregion through joint endeavors; and
To promote regional peace and stability To promote regional peace and stability through abiding respect for justice and the through abiding respect for justice and the rule of law.rule of law.
Political Objective :Political Objective :Promoting PeacePromoting Peace
& Stability& Stability
Through political dialogue and confidence Through political dialogue and confidence building, no tension has escalated into armed building, no tension has escalated into armed confrontation among ASEAN members since confrontation among ASEAN members since its establishment more than three decades its establishment more than three decades ago. ago.
ECONOMIC AND ECONOMIC AND FUNCTIONAL COOPERATIONFUNCTIONAL COOPERATION
When ASEAN was established, trade among the When ASEAN was established, trade among the Member Countries was insignificant Member Countries was insignificant
Thus, some of the earliest economic cooperation Thus, some of the earliest economic cooperation schemes of ASEAN were aimed at addressing this schemes of ASEAN were aimed at addressing this situation situation
The Framework Agreement on Enhancing Economic The Framework Agreement on Enhancing Economic Cooperation was adopted at the Fourth ASEAN Summit Cooperation was adopted at the Fourth ASEAN Summit in Singapore in 1992, which included the launching of a in Singapore in 1992, which included the launching of a scheme toward an ASEAN Free Trade Area or AFTA. scheme toward an ASEAN Free Trade Area or AFTA.
In 1997, the ASEAN leaders adopted the ASEAN Vision 2020, In 1997, the ASEAN leaders adopted the ASEAN Vision 2020, which aimed at forging closer economic integration within the which aimed at forging closer economic integration within the region. The vision statement also resolved to create a stable, region. The vision statement also resolved to create a stable, prosperous and highly competitive ASEAN Economic Region, in prosperous and highly competitive ASEAN Economic Region, in which there is a free flow of goods, services, investments, capital, which there is a free flow of goods, services, investments, capital, and equitable economic development and reduced poverty and and equitable economic development and reduced poverty and socio-economic disparities socio-economic disparities
In addition to trade and investment liberalization, regional economic In addition to trade and investment liberalization, regional economic integration is being pursued through the development of Trans-integration is being pursued through the development of Trans-ASEAN transportation network consisting of major inter-state ASEAN transportation network consisting of major inter-state highway and railway networks, principal ports and sea lanes for highway and railway networks, principal ports and sea lanes for maritime traffic, inland waterway transport, and major civil aviation maritime traffic, inland waterway transport, and major civil aviation links links
Today, ASEAN economic cooperation covers the following areas: Today, ASEAN economic cooperation covers the following areas: trade, investment, industry, services, finance, agriculture, forestry, trade, investment, industry, services, finance, agriculture, forestry, energy, transportation and communication, intellectual property, energy, transportation and communication, intellectual property, small and medium enterprises, and tourism.small and medium enterprises, and tourism.
DOH
3
PlanningBureau
Fig. 1 ASEAN HIGHWAY NETWORK
CHINA
THAILAND
VIETNAM
INDONESIA
PHILIPPINES
MALAYSIA
HONG KONG
SINGAPORE
BRUNEI
INDIA
Laoag
CAMBODIA
LAOS
DenpasarSurabaya
Surakarta
Bandung
JAKARTABakahuni
Palembang
Padang
Medan
Banda AcehIpoh
Kota BaharuHat Yai
Sarawak
Kalimantan
Sabah
Mindanao
Zamboanga
Ho Chi MinhSihanouk Ville
Da Nang
Haiphong
ThakhekBan Laou
Vinh
HANOI
Chiang Rai
Kunming
Tak Udon Thani
VIENTIANE
Mergui
Tavoy
Meiktila
Mandalay
Tamu
Changsha
Shanghai
Shenzhen
YANGONMANILA
BANDAR SERIBEGAWAN
PHNOM PENH
TungKeng
Loilem
BANGKOK
NakhonRatchasima
Dumai
Cikampek
Udomxay
NakhonSawan
Kuantan
DARUSSALAM
Banjarmasin
Lao CaiJinghong
NamthaLuang
Vung Tao
SYMBOL :
ASEAN Highway
MYANMARThibawMuse
KUALA LUMPUR
Dali
Payagyi
Bangsaphan
Savannakhet
Ruili
Kawthoung
Kuching
Pontianak
PakseQuang Ngai
Matnog
Surigao City
ASEAN HIGHWAY NETWORKASEAN HIGHWAY NETWORK
ASEAN TourismASEAN Tourism
To promote Southeast Asia as a single To promote Southeast Asia as a single tourism destination.tourism destination.
Integrating ASEANIntegrating ASEAN
ASEAN Free Trade AreaASEAN Free Trade Area
• Eliminating tariff barriers among the Southeast Asian countries
• Integrating the ASEAN economies into a single production base
• Creating a regional market of over 500 million people
• ASEAN cooperation has resulted in greater regional integration. Within three years from the launching of AFTA, exports among ASEAN countries grew from US$43.26 billion in 1993 to almost US$80 billion in 1996
Launched in January 1992
Average tariff under AFTAAverage tariff under AFTA
ASEAN Free Trade Area
19930
10
15
20
5
Percent
2003
12.76%12.76%
2.39%2.39%
ASEAN GOAL:ASEAN GOAL:
ECONOMIC ECONOMIC INTEGRATIONINTEGRATION
EXTERNAL RELATIONSEXTERNAL RELATIONS
ASEAN has made major strides in building ASEAN has made major strides in building cooperative ties with states in the Asia-Pacific cooperative ties with states in the Asia-Pacific region region
Consistent with its resolve to enhance Consistent with its resolve to enhance cooperation with other developing regions, cooperation with other developing regions, ASEAN maintains contact with other inter-ASEAN maintains contact with other inter-governmental organizationsgovernmental organizations
EXTERNAL RELATIONSEXTERNAL RELATIONSDialogue PartnersDialogue Partners
Australia, Canada, China, India, Japan, European Union, New Zealand, Republic of Korea, Australia, Canada, China, India, Japan, European Union, New Zealand, Republic of Korea, Russian Federation, United States of AmericaRussian Federation, United States of America
EXTERNAL RELATIONS:EXTERNAL RELATIONS:Outward-looking ASEANOutward-looking ASEAN
STRUCTURES AND STRUCTURES AND MECHANISMSMECHANISMS
The highest decision-making organ of ASEAN is The highest decision-making organ of ASEAN is the Meeting of the ASEAN Heads of State and the Meeting of the ASEAN Heads of State and Government. The ASEAN Summit is convened Government. The ASEAN Summit is convened every year every year
The ASEAN Ministerial Meeting (Foreign The ASEAN Ministerial Meeting (Foreign Ministers) is held on an annual basis. Ministers) is held on an annual basis.
Ministerial meetings on several other sectors are Ministerial meetings on several other sectors are also held also held
Supporting these ministerial bodies are 29 Supporting these ministerial bodies are 29 committees of senior officials and 122 technical committees of senior officials and 122 technical working groups. working groups.
AEM: ASEAN Economic MinistersAEM: ASEAN Economic MinistersAMM: ASEAN Ministerial Meeting AMM: ASEAN Ministerial Meeting
AFMM: ASEAN Finance Ministers Meeting AFMM: ASEAN Finance Ministers Meeting SEOM: Senior Economic Officials MeetingSEOM: Senior Economic Officials Meeting
ASC: ASEAN Standing CommitteeASC: ASEAN Standing CommitteeSOM: Senior Officials MeetingSOM: Senior Officials Meeting
ASFOM: ASEAN Senior Finance Officials MeetingASFOM: ASEAN Senior Finance Officials Meeting
ASEAN SUMMITASEAN SUMMIT
To support the conduct of ASEAN’s external relations, To support the conduct of ASEAN’s external relations, ASEAN has established committees composed of heads ASEAN has established committees composed of heads of diplomatic missions in major capitalsof diplomatic missions in major capitals
The Secretary-General of ASEAN is appointed on merit The Secretary-General of ASEAN is appointed on merit and accorded ministerial status. The Secretary-General and accorded ministerial status. The Secretary-General of ASEAN, who has a five-year term, is mandated to of ASEAN, who has a five-year term, is mandated to initiate, advise, coordinate, and implement ASEAN initiate, advise, coordinate, and implement ASEAN activities.activities.
ASEAN has several specialized bodies and ASEAN has several specialized bodies and arrangements promoting inter-governmental cooperation arrangements promoting inter-governmental cooperation in various fieldsin various fields
Towards an ASEAN Economic Towards an ASEAN Economic CommunityCommunity
From ASEAN Free Trade Area to an From ASEAN Free Trade Area to an ASEAN single market and production ASEAN single market and production base characterized by free flow of base characterized by free flow of goods, services, investment, labor, goods, services, investment, labor, and capital by 2020.and capital by 2020.
THANK YOU.THANK YOU.