Download - Arthropod phylogeny & Insect Evolution
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Arthropod phylogeny&
Insect Evolution
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Objectives:
Identify characteristics of the Arthropoda
Discuss Arthropod Phylogeny
Characteristics of major taxa
Discuss Insect Evolution
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Arthropoda
Arthro- Refers to Joints
Poda- Refers to feet
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Arthropoda
Characteristics• Paired, jointed
appendages• Segmented body plan• Land forms have tracheae or book lungs, • Aquatic forms have gills
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Arthropoda
Characteristics• Compound eyes• Open circulatory system• Digestive system is a
tube• Nervous system with
brain, paired ventral nerve cords
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Arthropoda
• Exoskeleton is molted
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Arthropoda
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Arthropoda
• Evolved from Annelida
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Ecdysozoans
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Arthropoda Phylogeny
• Many hypotheses exist
• Molecular data suggest:
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Arthropoda Classification
ChelicerataMandibulata
Hexapoda = antennae
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• Chelicerae = feeding appendages
Arthropoda Classification
= fangs in spiders
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Arthropoda Classification
1. ChelicerataClasses:
Merostomata - horseshoe crabsArachnida - spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites
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Arthropoda Classification
Chelicerata• Mainly terrestrial• Body Divisions - Cephalothorax,
abdomen• No antennae• No chewing mandibles
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Arthropoda Classification
Chelicerata• First and second pair of appendages -
chelicerae, pedipalps used for manipulation of food, locomotion,
defense, copulation• Next four pair of
appendages - walking
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Arthropoda Classification
Crustacea• Aquatic• Body divisions - cephalothorax and
abdomen• Gills • 2 pairs antennae - touch and taste• Biramous appendages - two jointed
branches arising from their base
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- biramous appendages
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Arthropoda Classification
Crustacea• Mandibles and maxillae used for feeding• Chelipeds on lobsters and crayfish -
pinching claws• Larval stage• Green glands
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Arthropoda ClassificationHexapodaClass:
Insecta - insects
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Arthropoda Classification
Insecta characteristicsTerrestrial and some aquaticBody plan - Head, thorax, abdomenUniramous1 pair antennae3 pairs legs on thoraxMalpighian tubules
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Insect Evolution
• Four stages of insect evolution:1. Development of insect body form
2. Development of wings
3. Development of wing flexion
4. Development of complete metamorphosis
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Orders:
Ephemeroptera = ?
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Odonata = ?
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Plecoptera
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Megaloptera
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Coleoptera
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Lepidoptera
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Diptera
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Hemiptera