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Ancient China
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Do Now
What continent is China a part of?
What is the “subcontinent” of this continent?
SWBAT:
Describe how geography of China as impacted its culture
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• China is a country in Asia (East Asia aka Far East)
• Many features isolate China:
- Himalayas - Gobi Desert - Seas
Geography
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Geography China’s isolation assisted in the
development of its own unique culture
However, as technology developed, many Asian cultures were influenced by China’s culture Cultural diffusion (Korea & Japan)
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Geography China has many important rivers:
- The Huang He AKA Yellow river flooded often destroying crops & villages, resulting in its nickname = “China’s Sorrow”
- The Chang AKA The Yangtze river is China’s longest & most important river, mainly used for transportation
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The Huang He river is rich in silt, which is yellow in color
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The Yangtze river is the third longest river in the world
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Geography
China has a well-known man-made barrier along its northern borders
- The Great Wall was built by subsequent dynasties and meant to protect China from nomadic invasions
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Shang Dynasty The Shang
dynasty emerged around 1700 BC, building the first cities & developing a form of writing
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Writing The Shang developed
thousands of symbols that stood for ideas, not sounds making it difficult to learn
Only specially trained people learned to read and write
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Politics/Government Many palaces & evidence of several kings
exists Shang kings were probably clan leaders
who controlled small areas -Clans: groups of families that claim a common ancestor
Government resembled those of Aryan India & city-states of Sumer
Built walls surrounding cities, just as Sumerians did
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Religion and Beliefs Polytheistic Oracle Bones- messages to gods
scratched on turtle shell, exposed to fire, then interpreted based on cracks that form on the shell
Ancestor worship- Chinese would call
on ancestors to bring good fortune to their family
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Yin & Yang Universe reflected balance between
two forces, yin & yang Yin: Earth, darkness, & female forces Yang: Heaven, light, & male forces must maintain delicate balance
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Social Class Royal Family Noble Aristocrats (land owners) Artisans and Merchants Peasants and slaves
-Most were peasant farmers -lived in farming villages -tough life (work in fields of aristocrats & repairing irrigation system) -required to serve if war broke out
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The Dynastic Cycle:
The rise & fall of dynasties
OLD DYNASTY: • Taxes people too
much • Stops protecting
people • Lets roads & walls fall apart • Treats people
unfairly Old dynasty loses
Mandate of Heaven!
PROBLEMS: • Floods & earthquakes
• Peasants revolt • Invaders attack
empire
NEW DYNASTY: • Brings peace • Built roads &
canals • Gives land to
peasants • Protects people
Generations go by & new dynasty becomes……
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Wrap Up Why might geographic isolation lead
to ethnocentrism?