Download - Anatomical positioning notes
![Page 1: Anatomical positioning notes](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062706/557a6876d8b42a3b348b4a77/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Anatomical PositionsAdvanced Biology
Class NotesMrs. Morgan
![Page 2: Anatomical positioning notes](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062706/557a6876d8b42a3b348b4a77/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Human BodyOrganization
• Human Body is organized into 2 main sections– Each section has cavities which house
organs
• Viscera: organs within a cavity
![Page 3: Anatomical positioning notes](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062706/557a6876d8b42a3b348b4a77/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Body Sections
Axial Skeleton: head, neck and trunk
Appendicular Skeleton: upper and lower limbs
![Page 4: Anatomical positioning notes](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062706/557a6876d8b42a3b348b4a77/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Body Cavities
Cranial cavity - houses the brain
Vertebral canal - houses the spinal cord
The Axial Skeleton is made up of 4 cavities
![Page 5: Anatomical positioning notes](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062706/557a6876d8b42a3b348b4a77/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Body Cavities
Thoracic cavity - above the diaphragm (houses heart and lungs)
Abdominopelvic cavity - below the diaphragm (houses digestive/urinary organs)
![Page 6: Anatomical positioning notes](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062706/557a6876d8b42a3b348b4a77/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Abdominopelvic Cavity
This cavity is broken into 9
regions shown at
right
![Page 7: Anatomical positioning notes](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062706/557a6876d8b42a3b348b4a77/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Types of Body Cavities
• Open cavities: open to the outside environment, lined with mucous membrane– Examples: digestive and respiratory
• Closed cavities: do not open to the outside, lined with serous membranes– Example: cavities with heart, liver, etc.
![Page 8: Anatomical positioning notes](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062706/557a6876d8b42a3b348b4a77/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Anatomical Positioning
Correct anatomical positioning of a body is
as follows: •standing upright•facing forward•arms at the side •palms facing upward
![Page 9: Anatomical positioning notes](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062706/557a6876d8b42a3b348b4a77/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Anatomical Terminology
• Common terms used to describe the positioning of body parts
•Superior - above•Inferior - below•Anterior - in front of•Posterior - behind
![Page 10: Anatomical positioning notes](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062706/557a6876d8b42a3b348b4a77/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
More anatomical Positioning
• Proximal - closer to the middle• Distal - further from the middle• Medial - toward the middle• Lateral - to the side
– Ipsilateral: on the same side– Contralateral: on the opposite side
![Page 11: Anatomical positioning notes](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062706/557a6876d8b42a3b348b4a77/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
More Anatomical Positioning
• Superficial - on the surface• Deep - below the surface
This is deep (yuck, internal rat organs!)
![Page 12: Anatomical positioning notes](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062706/557a6876d8b42a3b348b4a77/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Body SectionsSagittal Section - lengthwise
cut dividing the body into right and left halves
Transverse Section - crosswise cut dividing the body into inferior and superior portions
Coronal Section - frontwise cut dividing the body into anterior and posterior portions