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Analysis of Occupation from Multicultural
Aspect
Analysis of Occupation from Multicultural
Aspect
Karin Lilienberg, exchange lecturer
Tallinn Health College, Estonia
Riga 2006
Karin Lilienberg, exchange lecturer
Tallinn Health College, Estonia
Riga 2006
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Culture
State of manners, taste and intellectual development at a time or place
Customs Achievements Products Outlook Hygiene, nutrition, exercise
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Culture
Leadership in the family Attitudes towards work Values, roles Issue of language Differing etnicity Health beliefs and practices
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Multicultural
– More than one culture– Supporting integration of people of
different countries, ethnic groups, and religions into all areas of society
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Occupation
– Daily performance of purposeful activities
– Includes activities that are playful, restful, serious, and productive
– Reflects the unique characteristics (beliefs, preferences, experiences, environments, the specific patterns of behaviours) of the person
– Have some degree of personal meaning
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Occupation
– A group of activities that has personal and sociocultural meaning, is named within a culture and supports participation in society.
– Occupations can be categorized as self-care, productivity and/ or leisure
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Occupation
- Occupying or being occupied- what occupies one, means of filling up
one’s time, temporary or regular employment, business, calling, pursuit
- refers to all purposeful human activity
Wilcock (1998)
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Occupation
• Generic term encompassing all aspects of a person’s engagement in roles, processes, activities or tasks in the course of daily life
Hagedorn (1995)
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Activity
• The execution of a structured series of tasks that contributes to occupations
(http://www.enothe.hva.nl)
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Purposeful activityPurposeful activity
Have personal meaning combined Have personal meaning combined with a goal-directed qualitywith a goal-directed quality
InvolveInvolve active engagement that active engagement that meets personal goals or needsmeets personal goals or needs
Therapeutic, purposeful activities are Therapeutic, purposeful activities are used to evaluate, facilitate, restore or used to evaluate, facilitate, restore or maintain an individual's abilities to maintain an individual's abilities to meet demands in his or her life to meet demands in his or her life to engage in occupationsengage in occupations
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Meaning
Entire interpretive process in which an individual engages
Figuring things out or making sense out
Depends on the interaction of the person's developmental structure and occupational form
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Purpose
• Experience of wanting an outcome to result from occupational performance
• Link between meaning, developmental structure, and occupational performance
(Nelson 1994:23)
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Task A series of structured steps
(actions and/or thoughts) intended to accomplish a specific goal. This goal could either be:
1. The performance of an activity or
2. A piece of work the individual is expected to do
(http://www.enothe.hva.nl)
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Function
• The underlying physical and psychological components that support occupational performance
• The capacity to use occupational performance components to carry out a task, activity or occupation
(http://www.enothe.hva.nl)
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Connection between occupation, Connection between occupation,
activity, action and functionactivity, action and function
Life course repertoire of occupations Maintenance (self-care), productivity
(work, play), rest/ free time (leisure) Activity
To have a breakfast Action
To drink coffee Function / operation
To grip the cup
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PLAY
DIGGING TUNNELS
PAINTING WATER- COLOURS
DANCINGPLAYING WITH DOLLS
SPREADING THE GROUND COLOR TO PAPER
HOLDING THE BRUSH
WETTING THE BRUSH
CHOOSING THE COLOR
PLANNING THE PICTURES
PAINTING THE PICTURES
OCCUPATION
ACTIVITY
ACTION
FUNCTIONSITTING IN A CHAIR
SEEING THE COLOURS
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Occupational analysis
Hagerdorn (1997) describes occupational analysis as the ability to "understand the nature of an individual's participation and performance and what it means to him”
(focused on the person as doer)
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Occupational analysis
Understanding the nature of the occupation, activity or task. (focused on the thing to be done).
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Requirements to Requirements to occupationaloccupational analysis analysis
Participation analysisParticipation analysis existential analysisexistential analysis performance analysisperformance analysis occupational analysisoccupational analysis activity analysisactivity analysis task analysistask analysis applied analysis applied analysis
Hagedorn (1997)Hagedorn (1997)
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Concepts connected to Concepts connected to activity analysisactivity analysis
Assessment:Assessment: Process that is based on the Process that is based on the
knowledge about clientknowledge about client AnalysisAnalysis
Logical, reductive process in the Logical, reductive process in the course of which something is course of which something is minutely examined and broken minutely examined and broken down into simple componentsdown into simple components
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Activity analysisActivity analysis
Basic analysisBasic analysis Describes part of an occupationDescribes part of an occupation What is done, the order in which it is done and What is done, the order in which it is done and
the essential tools and materialsthe essential tools and materials Demand analysisDemand analysis
describes the demand which the task or activity describes the demand which the task or activity places on the participantplaces on the participant
Applied analysisApplied analysisConsiders the potential remedial benefits and Considers the potential remedial benefits and application for a specific condition or particular application for a specific condition or particular individual and how the task or activity might be individual and how the task or activity might be adapted to promote or enhance performanceadapted to promote or enhance performance
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Task – focused activity analysis
Step 1 Step 2
Step 3
Step 4
Step 5
Step 6 Step 7
Step 8
Describe the activity Describe the typical age range of people
who are engaged in this activity Describe the environmental aspects of
the performance context List supplies and equipment needed to
carry out the activity Describe the safety hazards inherent in
this activity List the sequential steps of the activity What performance components are
needed for the activity Grading and adapting activity
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Client-centered analysis
1. analysis of an occupational history
2. analysis of patterns of participation
3. analysis of performance demands and ability to respond
4. analysis of interests
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Analysis of patterns of participation
• participation analysis– interests and patterns of engagement
• routine or habit analysis– degree of flexibility or rigid of such patterns
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References:
• www.enothe.hva.nl• Hagedorn, R. 2000. Tools for
Practice in Occupational Therapy: A Structured Approach to Core Skills. Churchill Livingstone.