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Manajemen Perawatan – 02 Analisa Kegagalan Arif Rahman – Universitas Brawijaya1
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ANALISA KEGAGALAN
S2 TMI – UB
2010/2011
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Manajemen Perawatan – 02 Analisa Kegagalan Arif Rahman – Universitas Brawijaya
Meto
de P
en
gu
kura
n
Resiko
Fault Tree Analysis
Failure Mode and Effect Analysis
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Manajemen Perawatan – 02 Analisa Kegagalan Arif Rahman – Universitas Brawijaya
Defin
ition
Probabilitas: peluang atau kemungkinan kemunculan satu kejadian.
Resiko: peluang kemunculan satu kejadian yang tidak diharapkan serta tingkat kritis dampak yang diakibatkan.
Pengukuran Resiko: proses kategorisasi resiko secara kualitatif atau estimasi resiko kuantitatif.
Manajemen Resiko : proses identifikasi resiko, pengukuran resiko, disposisi resiko serta monitor dan kontrol resiko.
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Manajemen Perawatan – 02 Analisa Kegagalan Arif Rahman – Universitas Brawijaya
Defin
ition
Reliability: The probability that an item will perform its intended function for a specified mission profile.
Safety: The freedom of injury, damage, or loss of resources.
Hazard: The condition that can result in or contribute to a mishap.
Mishap: An unintended event that can cause injuries, damage, or loss of resources.
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Manajemen Perawatan – 02 Analisa Kegagalan Arif Rahman – Universitas Brawijaya
Fau
lt Tre
e A
naly
sisFailure or Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) merupakan pendekatan deduktif top-down yang merepresentasi hubungan antar kejadian secara grafis dan logik di mana status kejadian di level yang lebih rendah mempengaruhi status kejadian di level yang lebih tinggi
FTA menjadi alat sistematis untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana interaksi antar elemen sistem yang mempengaruhi terjadinya kegagalan sistem.
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Manajemen Perawatan – 02 Analisa Kegagalan Arif Rahman – Universitas Brawijaya
Even
t Sym
bol
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Manajemen Perawatan – 02 Analisa Kegagalan Arif Rahman – Universitas Brawijaya
Gate
Sym
bols
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Manajemen Perawatan – 02 Analisa Kegagalan Arif Rahman – Universitas Brawijaya
FTA
Ste
ps
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Manajemen Perawatan – 02 Analisa Kegagalan Arif Rahman – Universitas Brawijaya9
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Manajemen Perawatan – 02 Analisa Kegagalan Arif Rahman – Universitas Brawijaya10
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Manajemen Perawatan – 02 Analisa Kegagalan Arif Rahman – Universitas Brawijaya11
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Manajemen Perawatan – 02 Analisa Kegagalan Arif Rahman – Universitas Brawijaya12
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Manajemen Perawatan – 02 Analisa Kegagalan Arif Rahman – Universitas Brawijaya
Failu
re M
od
e &
Eff
ect
An
aly
sis
Failure Mode & Effect Analysis (FMEA) merupakan metode analisis manual untuk menentukan konsekuen dari kegagalan komponen, modul atau subsistem
FMEA berwujud tabel spreadsheet yang mengidentifikasi macam kegagalan (failure mode), akibat kegagalan (failure effect), penyebab (possible causes), frekuensi kejadian (probability of occurrence), dampak kegagalan (severity) konsekuenconsequences, and proposed safeguards are noted.
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Manajemen Perawatan – 02 Analisa Kegagalan Arif Rahman – Universitas Brawijaya
FMEA
Ste
ps
1. For each process input (start with high value inputs), determine the ways in which the input can go wrong (failure mode)
2. For each failure mode, determine effects. Select a severity level for each effect
3. Identify potential causes of each failure mode. Select an occurrence level for each cause
4. List current controls for each cause. Select a detection level for each cause
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Manajemen Perawatan – 02 Analisa Kegagalan Arif Rahman – Universitas Brawijaya
FMEA
Ste
ps
5. Calculate the Risk Priority Number (RPN)
6. Develop recommended actions, assign responsible persons, and take actions. Give priority to high RPNs.
7. Assign the predicted severity, occurrence, and detection levels and compare RPNs
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Manajemen Perawatan – 02 Analisa Kegagalan Arif Rahman – Universitas Brawijaya
Failu
re M
od
es a
nd
Eff
ects
The relationship between failure modes and effects is not always 1 to 1
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Failure Mode 1
Failure Mode 2
Effect 1
Effect 2
Failure Mode 1
Failure Mode 2Effect 1
Failure Mode 1Effect 1
Effect 2
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Manajemen Perawatan – 02 Analisa Kegagalan Arif Rahman – Universitas Brawijaya
Severity
, Occu
rren
ce,
an
d D
ete
ction
Severity
Importance of the effect on customer requirements• Often can’t do anything about this
Occurrence
Frequency with which a given cause occurs and creates failure modes
Detection
The ability of the current control scheme to detect or prevent a given cause
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Manajemen Perawatan – 02 Analisa Kegagalan Arif Rahman – Universitas Brawijaya
Severity
, Occu
rren
ce,
an
d D
ete
ction
Severity1 = Not Severe, 10 = Very Severe
Occurrence1 = Not Likely, 10 = Very Likely
Detection1 = Likely to Detect, 10 = Not Likely to Detect
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Manajemen Perawatan – 02 Analisa Kegagalan Arif Rahman – Universitas Brawijaya
Risk P
riority
Nu
mb
er
(RPN
)
RPN is the product of the severity, occurrence, and detection scores.
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Severity Occurrence Detection RPNRPNX X =
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Manajemen Perawatan – 02 Analisa Kegagalan Arif Rahman – Universitas Brawijaya
Truck Stop Coffee Process Map
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Inputs OutputsInputs OutputsHot WaterSoapScrubber
Clean CarafeCold WaterMeasuring Mark
Full Carafe
Filter
Maker w/FilterFresh CoffeeDosing Scoop
Maker w/Filter & Coffee
Brewing Coffee
Cleaned CarafeDirty WaterWet Scrubber
Full Carafe
Filled MakerEmpty Carafe
Maker w/Filter
Maker w/Filter & Coffee
Operating MakerHeatBrewed Coffee
Hot Coffee
CustomerOrderSize Specification
Complete OrderHot CoffeeCup
Filled CupCustomerCreamSugarAmount Desired
Complete OrderMoney
Coffee Delivery
Complete Order
Filled Cup
Customer ReplyAmount SpecifiedComplete Order
Make ChangeTemperatureTasteStrength
SmileHappy Customer
Pour Coffee into Cup
Pour Coffee into Cup
Offer Cream &
Sugar
Offer Cream &
Sugar
Complete TransactionComplete
Transaction
Say Thank YouSay Thank You
Receive Coffee Order
Receive Coffee Order
Clean CarafeClean Carafe
Fill Carafe w/Water
Fill Carafe w/Water
Pour Water into MakerPour Water into Maker
Place Filter in MakerPlace Filter in Maker
Put Coffee in Filter
Put Coffee in Filter
Select Temperature Setting
Select Temperature Setting
Turn Maker OnTurn Maker On
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Manajemen Perawatan – 02 Analisa Kegagalan Arif Rahman – Universitas Brawijaya
Truck Stop Coffee C&E Matrix
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Temp of Coffee Taste Strength Process Outputs
8 10 6 Importance
Process Step ----- Process input ----- --------- Total ---------
0
Clean Carafe 0 3 1 36
Fill Carafe with Water 0 9 9 144
Pour Water into Maker 0 1 1 16
Place Filter in Maker 0 3 1 36
Put Coffee in Filter 0 9 9 144
Turn Maker On 3 1 0 34
Select Temperature Setting 9 3 3 120
Receive Coffee Order 0 0 1 6
Pour Coffee into Cup 3 1 3 52
Offer Cream & Sugar 3 9 3 132
Complete Transaction 1 1 1 24
Say Thank You 0 0 0 000000000000
--------- Correlation of Input to Output ---------
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Manajemen Perawatan – 02 Analisa Kegagalan Arif Rahman – Universitas Brawijaya
Step 1: For Each Input, Determine the Potential Failure Modes
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Manajemen Perawatan – 02 Analisa Kegagalan Arif Rahman – Universitas Brawijaya
Step 2: For Each Failure Mode, Identify Effects and Assign Severity
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Manajemen Perawatan – 02 Analisa Kegagalan Arif Rahman – Universitas Brawijaya
Step 3: Identify Potential Causes of Each Failure Mode and Assign Score
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Manajemen Perawatan – 02 Analisa Kegagalan Arif Rahman – Universitas Brawijaya
Step 4: List Current Controls for Each Cause and Assign Score
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Manajemen Perawatan – 02 Analisa Kegagalan Arif Rahman – Universitas Brawijaya
Step 5: Calculate RPNs
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Manajemen Perawatan – 02 Analisa Kegagalan Arif Rahman – Universitas Brawijaya
Step 6: Develop Recommended Actions, Assign Responsible Persons, and Take Actions
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Manajemen Perawatan – 02 Analisa Kegagalan Arif Rahman – Universitas Brawijaya
Step 7: Assign the Predicted Severity, Occurrence, and Detection Levels and Compare RPNs
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