Survey of Britain by Zhang Haiyan 1
An outline of British history ( 1500 onward )
(Session 5)
Objectives:
To help students get a clear outline of the British history
dating from the 16th century to the present day.
To get students to be familiar with some renowned figures
that have once changed the course of the British history.
To enable students to summarize the British history by
following the example displayed on the slides.
Survey of Britain by Zhang Haiyan 2
An outline of British history ( 1500 onward )
(Session 5)
Questions for Discussion:
Which dynasties was England in before and after 1455? When did the English Reformation take place? Who carried out the Refo
rmation and for what reason? What was the result? When did the English Renaissance begin? Who were the sovereigns the
n? How much do you know about Victorian Age? What made Elizabeth become Queen of Britain? What contributions did Margaret Thatcher make to British economy? Who is the present Prime Minister? What event(s) caused significant changes of the British society since 17th
century? Can you name some?
Survey of Britain by Zhang Haiyan 3
An outline of British history ( 1500 onward ) ( Session 5 )
Events Date Details
Wars of the Roses 1455-1485 *Death blow on Feudalism *Weakened and discredited. the great medieval nobility
*Highlighted the King’s power *Henry Tudor united the two Houses
The English Reformation 16th century *A move from Catholicism to Protestantism
Edward VI’ reign 1547-1553 *Real religious change was fulfilled
Mary Tudor’s reign 1553-58 *Persecuted the Protestants to restore (Bloody Mary) Catholicism
Survey of Britain by Zhang Haiyan 4
An outline of British history ( 1500 onward ) ( Session 5 )
Events Date Details
Elizabeth I’s reign 1558-1603 *Smashed the Catholic conspiracy against
Protestantism by executing Mary Stuart (1587) and defeating Spanish Armada
(1588) *English Renaissance
James I’s reign 1603-1625 *Gunpowder Plot, 1605 *Mayflower, 1620
Charles I’s reign 1625-49 *The Civil Wars, 1642-49 *Execution of Charles I by Cromwell and the Rumps (tyrant, traitor, murderer and public enemy)
Survey of Britain by Zhang Haiyan 5
An outline of British history ( 1500 onward ) ( Session 5 )
Events Date Details
The Commonwealth 1649-1660 *Cromwell, Lord Protector
The Restoration 1658-1660 *Return of Charles II
The Glorious Revolution 1688 *Drove away James II (Charles II’ brother) *Emerge of the earliest 2 parties: Whigs & Tories
Reform of the monarchy 1689 *William of Orange and Mary co-ruled under the Bill of Right
*Emerge of the Constitutional Monarchy
Survey of Britain by Zhang Haiyan 6
An outline of British history ( 1500 onward ) ( Session 5 )
Events Date Details
Agricultural Change late 18th C *Open-field system VS Enclosure Act (Thomas Coke , 1754-1842 ) *Introduction of the crop rotation *Invention of artificial fertilizer and new agricultural machinery (seed-drill: Jethro Tull, 1674-1741) *Emerge of the new class hostility in the rural relationships
Industrial Revolution 1780-1830 *Mechanization of industry Changes in social and economic organization
(Read Cowper, W.1785. Town and Country in The Task (Book 1) [M] in Gu Yueguo (chief ed.) 1998. English Through Literature [M]. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press. P356.)
Survey of Britain by Zhang Haiyan 7
An outline of British history ( 1500 onward ) ( Session 5 )
Industrial Revolution 1780-1830 ( Inventors and their inventions )
Inventors Inventions Years Importance
John Kay Flying shuttle
飞梭 1733 Speeded up hand weaving
James Hargreave Spinning jenny
詹妮纺纱机 1766 Enabled one had labourer to spin many threads at a
time.
Richard Arkwright Waterframe
水力纺纱机 1769 Required power to drive.
Samuel Cromton Mule 绽纺机 1779
Thomas Newcomer
Steam engine
At the end of the 17th century
Devised
James Watt (Scottish)
( 1736-1819 )
1765 Modified and improved the design with rotary motion that could be applied to textile and other machinery.
Abraham Darby Replaced charcoal 木炭 with coke 焦碳 to melt iron.
1709 Hugely increased the production of iron.
Henry Court Puddding and rolling processes
搅炼法、滚压法 1784
Enabled vastly increased quantities of high-quality iron to replace wood and stone in may sectors of economy.
EdmundCartwright Power loom 力织机 Enabled weaving to catch up with spinning
Survey of Britain by Zhang Haiyan 8
(Cowper, W.1785. Town and Country in The Task (Book 1) [M] in Gu Yueguo (chief ed.) 1998. English Through Literature [M]. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press. P356.)
Town and Country
God made the country and man made the town1
What wonder then that health and virtue, gifts
That can alone make sweet the bitter draught2
That life holds out to all, should most abound
And least is threaten’d in the fields and groves?
Possess ye3, therefore, ye who borne about
In chariots and sedans4, know no fatigue
But that of idleness, and taste no scenes
But such as art contrives5, possess ye still
Your element; there only can ye shine,
There only minds like yours’ can do no harm
Our groves were planted to console at noon
The pensive wand’rer in their shades. At eve
1The countryside of the 18th century England was
largely the result of centuries of agriculture.
2Cowper thinks life as fundamentally an unhappy
experience—the beauty of the countryside at least
makes it easier to bear.
3An old form of plural you.
4Cowper puts traffic as the first of the unpleasant
features of town life.
5All these things are available to city dwellers, but
are no match for the real scenes of the countryside.
Survey of Britain by Zhang Haiyan 9
(Cowper, W.1785. Town and Country in The Task (Book 1) [M] in Gu Yueguo (chief ed.) 1998. English Through Literature [M]. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press. P356.)
Town and Country
The moonbeam sliding softly in between
The sleeping leaves, is all the light they wish,
Birds’ warbling all their music. We can spare
The splendour of your lamps6; they but eclipse
Our softer satellite7 your songs confound
Our more harmonious notes; the thrush departs
Scar’d and th’ offended nightingale is mute
There is public mischief in your mirth
It plagues your country8 Folly such as yours
Grac’d with a sward, and worthier of a fan9
Has made, what enemies never could have done,
Our arch of empire, steadfast but for you,
A mutilated structure, soon to fall.
6Cowper contrasts the well-lit streets of the city
with the country, which has only the light of the
moon.
7the moon
8The city enjoyments such as shopping,
theatres, concerts, drama, are morally damaging
to society.
9City entertainments are trivial. They are fit
only for women, but are enjoyed by men. They
will destroy the power and greatness of Britain,
as her political enemies have never succeeded
in doing.
Survey of Britain by Zhang Haiyan 10
An outline of British history ( 1500 onward ) ( Session 5 )
Events Date Details
Colonial Expansion late 18th C. *Newfoundland (1583), India (1600), early 19th C. Jamestown, Virginia (1607),
Australia (1788), Canada (1763), etc. The Chartist Movement 1836-1848 *Emergence of the working class (proletarian), the Trade Unions (TUC, 1868), the LP (1906)
Parliamentary reform 1911 *the Parliament Act reallocating the power
WWI 1914 *Great loss of manpower (>1 million) *Considerable disruption of the economy and society *Establishment of League of Nations 国际联 盟 (Paris Conference, 1919)
Roaring Twenties 1920s *American import---music and Jazz.
Great Depression 1931
Survey of Britain by Zhang Haiyan 11
An outline of British history ( 1500 onward ) ( Session 5 )
Events Date Details
Edward VIII after George V 1936
George VI 1937 Abdication of Edward VIII
WWII 1939
Elizabeth II was crowned. 1952
Invasion of Egypt with France 1956
Swinging Sixties 1960s *pop music and Beatles (Liverpool)
Survey of Britain by Zhang Haiyan 12
An outline of British history ( 1500 onwar
d ) ( Session 5 )
I am John
Major
I am Tony
Blair
I am Gordon
Brown
Survey of Britain by Zhang Haiyan 13
An outline of British history ( 1500 onwar
d ) ( Session 5 )
Events Date Details
Member of the EC 1973 *Common Market (Treaty of Rome, 1957)
Margaret Thatcher 1979 *Conservative Party
Thatcherism---the theory put forward by the British Prime Minister Margaret
Thatcher, a belief in self-reliance and privatization.
Rapid growth in economy Late 1980s
John Major 1990-1997
Tony Blair 1997-2007
Gordon Brown 2007-
Survey of Britain by Zhang Haiyan 14
An outline of British history ( 1500 onward ) ( Session 5 )
Assignment
1) Watch the document Elizabeth II and depict the separate roles of the royal family and the government. How would you react to Diana’s death if you were Elizabeth II or Tony Blair? Why?
2) Do research work on the British Prime Ministers and make a namelist of them.