Download - Americans join the war effort
![Page 1: Americans join the war effort](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56816439550346895dd601f2/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: Americans join the war effort](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56816439550346895dd601f2/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
• 5 million volunteers
• Selective Service Act added 5 million more
• G.I. – “Government Issue” - first applied to uniforms, weapons, equipment; to the soldiers
![Page 3: Americans join the war effort](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56816439550346895dd601f2/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Less pay, rank and benefits than men
Women’s Auxiliary Army Corps (WAAC)
250,000 served
WAVE Radio Operator
John Falter
Women's Auxiliary Ferrying Squadron (WAFs)
![Page 4: Americans join the war effort](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56816439550346895dd601f2/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Americans join the war effort](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56816439550346895dd601f2/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Los Angeles – 1/10th of city’s population but suffered 1/5th of city’s casualties
Post war, many veterans used the G.I. Bill to earn a college education.
![Page 6: Americans join the war effort](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56816439550346895dd601f2/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
• Segregated units: mostly non-combat roles
• Upon receiving a draft notice ---- “Just carve on my tombstone, ‘Here lies a black man killed fighting a yellow man for the protection of a white man.’”
• More than a million served
Lt. Gen. George S. Patton, U.S. Third Army commander, pins the Silver Star on Private Ernest A. Jenkins of New York City for his conspicuous gallantry in the liberation of Chateaudun, France. October 13,
![Page 7: Americans join the war effort](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56816439550346895dd601f2/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
33,000 in uniform 13,000 joined; one of every five living hereServed as interpreters throughout the war.
Radio Intercept Section, 6th AAF Radio Squadron Mobile 10th AAF, CBI Theater, September 1944.L-R: Teiho Chena, Ted Tdukiyama, Tom Goto, and Mark Akisada
Some spies were discovered.
![Page 8: Americans join the war effort](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56816439550346895dd601f2/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• 25,000 • Opportunity to leave reservation and meet non-Indians“We would
not need the Selective
Service Act if all
volunteered like the
Indians.”
![Page 9: Americans join the war effort](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56816439550346895dd601f2/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Americans join the war effort](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56816439550346895dd601f2/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
2. Bedspread manufacturer – mosquito nettingand explosives
1. Mechanical pencils – bomb parts
3. Soft drink manufacturer – filled shells with explosives
4. Liberty ships built in four days by industrialist Henry J. Kaiser5. Henry Ford – jeeps, trucks, tanks (last civilian car -’42 Pontiac)
![Page 11: Americans join the war effort](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56816439550346895dd601f2/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Womena. 6 out of 18 million workersb. Earned 60% of a man’s salaryc. 2 million minorities
Rosie is provided by Curtis Publishing. Permission Requested.
![Page 12: Americans join the war effort](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56816439550346895dd601f2/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
- mostly menial jobsRoosevelt’s executive order – “To provide for the full and equitable participation of all workers without racial discrimination.”
African-Americans
![Page 13: Americans join the war effort](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56816439550346895dd601f2/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
a. Pesticides (DDT) – insects and liceAs a pesticide, DDT was first used during WWII. It was so effective as an insect killer that some called it the "atomic bomb" of pesticides.
After WWII, the U.S. realized that DDT could also be used on farms to control some common agricultural pests.
![Page 14: Americans join the war effort](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56816439550346895dd601f2/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
b. Atomic bomb – Manhattan Project
Developed by American scientists, the first atomic bomb was detonated at the Trinity test site near Alamogordo, New Mexico, on
July 16, 1945. The test convinced the United States government that such weapons were
viable in warfare.
![Page 15: Americans join the war effort](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56816439550346895dd601f2/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
c. Penicillin
A magazine ad for penicillin during WWII
The technique to produce large
amounts of penicillin was
perfected by an American drug company. This
technique allowed the Allies to
produce enough penicillin to aide throughout the
war.
![Page 16: Americans join the war effort](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56816439550346895dd601f2/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
d. Blood bank
In 1938, Dr. Charles Drew, a leading authority on mass transfusion and blood processing methods, set up a blood plasma system.In September 1945, the American Red Cross had collected over 13 million units of blood and converted nearly all of it into plasma.
An American medic administers plasma to a wounded soldier. NARA
![Page 17: Americans join the war effort](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56816439550346895dd601f2/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
a. Propaganda films – Frank Capra’s “Why We Fight” series
b. Public tired of propaganda; switched to musicals, romance, comedies for an escape
![Page 18: Americans join the war effort](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56816439550346895dd601f2/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
d. USO shows
Bob Hope and his USO group
in Guadalcanal.
![Page 19: Americans join the war effort](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56816439550346895dd601f2/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
e. Celebrities – 1. Jimmy Stewart and Stan Musial held up their careers to serve2. John Wayne booed by Marines on a USO tour for not serving
![Page 20: Americans join the war effort](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56816439550346895dd601f2/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
A. Japanese internment
B. Office of Price Administration (OPA)1. Froze prices, rents and wages to curb inflation2. Rationing – foods such as meat, sugar (needed for explosives), butter, cheese, coffee, and vegetables
![Page 21: Americans join the war effort](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56816439550346895dd601f2/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
1. Rationing fuel and materials vital to the war such as nylon, gas, oil, metals, rubber and plastic
C. War Productions Board (WPB)
2. Decided what companies would convert and allocated raw materials3. Organization of scrap drives – iron, tin cans, paper, rags, cooking fata. School childrenb. Boy Scouts
![Page 22: Americans join the war effort](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56816439550346895dd601f2/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
F. National War Labor Board (NWLB)1. Limited wages2. Workers could not change unions
D. Department of the Treasury1. War bonds2. $18.75 at purchase 3. Bonds were worth $25 in ten yearsE. Limits on the right to strike
G. Office of War Information
![Page 23: Americans join the war effort](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56816439550346895dd601f2/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
The armed forces’ demand for textiles led to shortages of wool and
rayon, causing fashion changes at home. The WPB banned ruffles,
pleats, and patch pockets, favoring the single-breasted, vestless
“victory suit” over the baggy “zoot suit” in vogue at the time. To
conserve silk, women painted seams up the backs of their legs to make it
seem as if they were wearing stockings.
![Page 24: Americans join the war effort](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062410/56816439550346895dd601f2/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
When professional
baseball players like Joe
DiMaggio and Ted Williams
traded in their baseball cleats
for combat boots, women’s
teams got a chance to keep
up the country’s morale in the
game.