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American Revolution
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How many colonies did England establish on
mainland North America?
•Thirteen
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What country founded a permanent
settlement at Quebec?
•France
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Who founded a permanent settlement at
Quebec?
•Samuel de Champlain
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What was the economic basis of the French colony at Quebec?
•Fur-trading
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What was the heart of France’s colonial empire
in North America?
•Quebec
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What two nations became colonial rivals
in North America?
•England•France
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What two countries fought against each other in the French and Indian War?
•England •France
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What was the French and Indian
War called in Europe?
•The Seven Years’ War
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Who won the French and Indian
War?
•England
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What territory did England gain from France as a
result of the French and Indian War?
• Canada• Territory west of the
Appalachian Mountains
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What did the Proclamation of 1763
do?
• Forbid American colonists to move west of the Appalachian Mountains
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Who issued the Proclamation of 1763?
•The British government•or King George III
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What 3 results did the British government intend for the
Proclamation of 1763?• Protect friendly Indians• Reduce conflict between
Americans colonists and the Indians
• Reduce the cost of the British army to protect the land west of the Appalachians
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What effect did the French and Indian War have on the finances of the British
government?
•British government went greatly in debt.
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According to the British gov’t., why did it station British troops in North
America after the French and Indian War?
•To protect the American colonists
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What is the name of Great Britain’s
lawmaking body?
•Parliament
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What is a tariff?
•A tax on imports
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What is another name for a tariff?
•Customs Duty
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What was the Sugar Act?
•Placed a tax on French molasses imported into the American colonies
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What was the Stamp Act?
•Taxed newspapers and all legal documents in the American colonies
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What was the American attitude toward the
Sugar Act and the Stamp Act?
•Opposed them
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Who did the American colonists believe had the
power to tax them?
•Only their elected assemblies
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What became a popular slogan in the American colonies?
•“No taxation without representation.”
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What did Parliament do after the Americans
opposed the Stamp Act?
•Repealed it
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Why did Parliament tax the American colonies after the French and Indian
War?• British gov’t. greatly in debt• To pay the cost of British troops
stationed in North America
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What is revenue?
•Tax Money
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Identify the Townshend Acts.
•Placed import taxes on paint, paper, lead, glass, and tea
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How did Parliament respond to American
opposition to the Townshend Acts?
•Repealed all the Townshend duties, except the tax on tea
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What happened in the Boston Massacre?
• British soldiers in Boston fired on anti-British demonstrators
• 5 American colonists were killed
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Identify the Tea Act.• Law passed by Parliament• Gave the British East India
Company a monopoly over the American tea trade
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What is a monopoly?•Complete Control •Absence of Competition
•No Competition
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What happened at the Boston Tea
Party?
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• Protested the Tea Act• Americans disguised
themselves as Indians• Boarded ships owned by
British East India Company• Threw the Tea into Boston
Harbor
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Who met at the First Continental Congress?
•Delegates from all thirteen colonies
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Why was the First Continental Congress
important?• Met to discuss opposition to
British policies• First time all 13 colonies
acted together
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Where did the Revolutionary War
begin?
•Lexington and Concord in Massachusetts
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Who were the Minutemen?
•Members of New England’s militia
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Who wrote Common Sense?
•Thomas Paine
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What did Common Sense say?
•Challenged the rule of the American colonies by the King of England
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When was the Declaration of
Independence adopted?
•July 4, 1776
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When did the American colonies declare their
independence?
•July 4, 1776
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Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?
•Thomas Jefferson
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Who was John Locke?
• English political philosopher• Locke’s ideas influenced
Thomas Jefferson
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Who wrote that government should protect
“Life, Liberty, and Property”?
•John Locke
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Who wrote that all men have the right to “Life, Liberty and
the pursuit of Happiness”?
•Thomas Jefferson
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Whose ideas did Thomas Jefferson borrow when he wrote the Declaration of
Independence?
•John Locke•Thomas Paine
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Into what 3 groups did Americans divide during the
American Revolution?
•Patriots•Loyalists or Tories•Neutrals
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Identify the Patriots.
•Wanted independence from England
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Identify the Tories.
•Wanted to remain Loyal to England
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What Patriot said, “Give me liberty, or give me
death!”
•Patrick Henry
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Who was the commander-in -chief of
the American or Continental Army?
•George Washington
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Which group of Americans provided the
troops for the Continental Army?
•Patriots
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What 2 types of factors contributed to the
American victory in the Revolution?
•Diplomatic•Military
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What country helped the Americans win their independence from
England?
•France
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What was the military turning point of the
Revolution?
•The Battle of Saratoga
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What two nations signed the Treaty of Alliance in
1778?
•The United States•France
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What American negotiated the Treaty of Alliance with
France in 1778?
•Benjamin Franklin
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Where did the American
Revolution end?•Yorktown, Virginia
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What happened at the Battle of Yorktown?
•The Americans and the French defeated the British
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What battle ended the military phase of the
Revolution and firmly established the
independence of the United States?
•The Battle of Yorktown