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New Horizons OPAG Briefing Alan Stern/New Horizons Mission PI
SwRI 06 September 2017
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Extended Mission Overview q New Horizons is healthy and conducting a multi-pronged Kuiper Extended Mission (KEM) to study the Kuiper Belt: 2016-2021.
q Close flyby of the cold classical KBO 2014 MU69 on 1 Jan 2019. MU69 downlink thru ~1 Sep 2020.
q Spacecraft ending current hibernation 11 Sep for active science ops and TCM. q Power and fuel to operate to ~2035.
q OPAG Talk Topics Today: ü Pluto Mission Update ü Extended Mission Update ü Pluto/KB Follow On Missions
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Pluto Prime Mission Update q All Pluto Data to Earth: October 2016
q All Pluto data delivered to PDS (April 2017); Pluto Mission Metadata to PDS: September 2017 q NH Science Team continuing to produce papers at a steady clip:
q Icarus special issue w/24 papers (May 2017) q >50 abstracts submitted for the upcoming DPS (October) and AGU (December) q Just published:
q Kammer et al. on O2 limits in Pluto’s atmosphere (Astron. J.) q Recent Reviews:
q Nature (Olkin et al 2017) q ARAA (Stern et al. 2018)
q Recently accepted : q Moore et al. (Icarus) Pluto’s bladed terrain q Dalle Ore et al. (Icarus) Charon’s surface composition q Young et al. (Icarus) UV solar occultation
q Recently submitted: q Lauer et al. (Icarus) Ring/debris constraints q Cook et al. (Icarus) Composition of small satellites q Cook et al. (Icarus) Water ice distribution on Pluto q Hinson et al. (Icarus) Pluto’s ionosphere q Schenk et al. (Icarus) Pluto DEM q Linscott et al. (Icarus) Pluto surface thermal measurements (REX) q Grundy et al. (Icarus) Pluto haze as source of dark, red surface material
q Numerous papers being circulated internally before submission; Examples: q Schenk et al. Charon DEM q Olkin et al. Pluto surface colors
q Next NH Science Team Meeting is 2018 Jan 17-19, at APL; Open to All.
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Sample Recent Results
Dunes and Wind Streaks (Telfer et al., Science, submitted 2017)
Far Side Analyses (Olkin et al., Icarus, submitted 2017)
Bladed Terrains (Moore et al., Icarus, submitted 2017)
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Extended Mission Overview Ø SMD Senior Review process approved a 5-year, 2016-2021 KB exploration mission.
Ø Distant observations of 24-30 other KBOs and numerous Centaurs (2016-2020).
Ø KB heliospheric plasma/dust/neutral gas cruise science to 50 AU (2016-2021). Ø The 2018-2019 close flyby of KBO 2014 MU69.
Ø Target of opportunity observations of KBO mutual events, stellar occultations, etc. as they present themselves.
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Scientific Payload ü LORRI—Long Focal Length Imager ü Ralph—IR Spectrograph, Color Imager ü Alice—UV Imaging Spectrograph ü REX—Brightness Temperatures and BiStatic Radar
ü SDC—Dust Impact Detector ü SWAP—KeV Charged Particle Spectrometer ü PEPSSI—MeV Charged Particle Spectrometer
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PT1 2014
Extended Mission Science Objectives
ü Imaging, Stereo
ü IR Spectroscopy ü Imaging ü Imaging, UV Spectroscopy ü Imaging, IR Spectroscopy ü Imaging ü Imaging ü Imaging, IR Spectroscopy ü Imaging ü Charged Particle Spectra
ü Charged Particle Spectra, Dust Counter, Radio, Imaging
ü Dust Counter, Charged Particle Spectra, UV Spectroscopy
ü Imaging, Radio ü Imaging
ü IR and UV Spectroscopy ü BiStatic Radar ü Various
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PT1 2014
MU69 Flyby News Ø Prime and Alternate Trajectories.
Ø Flyby distances: 3500 km (Prime), 10,000 km (Alternate).
Ø Compare to Pluto at 12,500 km.
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2014 MU69 Overview
PT1 2014
PT1 Diameter (p~0.11) ~30 km Color ~0.3 mag
redder than Pluto Semi-major Axis 44.2 AU Eccentricity 0.036 Inclination 1.9 deg Cold Classical Yes (96.5%)
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Recent MU69 Results
PT1 2014
Ø Stellar Occultations: 2017 03 June, 10 July, 17 July events using ~70 telescopes, plus SOFIA and HST: Measured size, likely binarity, debris constraints.
Ø HST Lightcurve: Low LC amplitude (<20%).
Buie et al. (2017 in prep) Benecchi et al. (2017, in prep.)
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New Horizons: A Kuiper Belt Observatory
q Observing Dozens of Distant Large and Small KBOs and Centaurs.
q In Unique Ways That Only New Horizons Can.
q Studies During 2016-2020 Include: q Close Satellite Searches q Extended Phase Curves q Dust/Ring Searches q Orbits and Astrometry q Lightcurves, Shapes q Helio Plasma, Dust, & Gas
q Numerous results papers in early prep.
SAP ReqId StartTime,DOY StartTime,Cal DescriptionSCIBLOCK261-263
LORRI-082a K3LR_NGC3532_082a_L1L4_2017261__cal 2017-261T11:00:00 18Sep201711:00:00 CalibrationCheckLORRI-117a K3LR_HZ84_117a_L2_2017261__DKBO 2017-261T13:00:00 18Sep201713:00:00 DistantKBOobservation-HZ84LORRI-117b K3LR_HZ84_117b_L2_2017261__DKBO 2017-261T14:00:00 18Sep201714:00:00 DistantKBOobservation-HZ84LORRI-117c K3LR_HZ84_117c_L2_2017261__DKBO 2017-261T15:00:00 18Sep201715:00:00 DistantKBOobservation-HZ84LORRI-105e K3LR_Quaoar_105e_L2_2017261__DKBO 2017-261T18:00:00 18Sep201718:00:00 DistantKBOobservation-QuaoarLORRI-105f K3LR_Quaoar_105f_L2_2017261__DKBO 2017-261T20:08:24 18Sep201720:08:24 DistantKBOobservation-QuaoarLORRI-116a K3LR_QE394_116a_L2_2017262__DKBO 2017-262T00:00:00 19Sep201700:00:00 DistantKBOobservation-QE394LORRI-105g K3LR_Quaoar_105g_L2_2017261__DKBO 2017-262T16:08:24 19Sep201716:08:24 DistantKBOobservation-QuaoarLORRI-105h K3LR_Quaoar_105h_L2_2017261__DKBO 2017-262T18:16:48 19Sep201718:16:48 DistantKBOobservation-QuaoarLORRI-116b K3LR_OE394_116b_L2_2017263__DKBO 2017-263T00:00:00 20Sep201700:00:00 DistantKBOobservation-OE394
SCIBLOCK263-265LORRI-118a K3LR_HJ103_118a_L2_2017263__DKBO 2017-263T11:00:00 20Sep201711:00:00 DistantKBOobservation-2011-HJ103LORRI-116c K3LR_OE394_116c_L2_2017264__DKBO 2017-264T00:00:00 21Sep201700:00:00 DistantKBOobservation-OE394LORRI-115c-g K3LR_MU69ApprField_115c_L2_2017264
K3LR_MU69ApprField_115d_L2_2017264K3LR_MU69ApprField_115e_L2_2017264K3LR_MU69ApprField_115f_L1_2017264K3LR_MU69ApprField_115g_L1_2017264
2017-264T14:00:00 21Sep201714:00:00 OpnavMU69approachstarfield.5visitsback-to-back.
SCIBLOCK265-267LORRI-121a K3LR_HE85_121a_L2_2017265__DKBO 2017-265T19:40:00 22Sep201719:40:00 DistantKBOobservation-HE85
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q Porter et al. (ApJ, 2016). q First high phase observations of a KBO (up to 58 degrees!)
q Phase curve fit indicates a rough surface.
q 1st measurement of rotation period: 5.5 hrs.
q Accurate new astrometry constrains orbital evolution.
A KBO Observatory: 1994 JR1 Results
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Additional High-Phase Dwarf Planet Observations
q Four dwarf planets already observed at high phase.
q Detected clearly heterogeneous phase curve behaviors.
q Numerous additional high-phase observations planned.
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PT1 2014
Kuiper Belt Dust Results
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Future Extended Mission Concept (Post 2021)
q Power and Fuel to Fly through mid-2030s.
q Senior Review EM Proposal 2 for 2021-2024: q Additional KBO Flyby Search Now Under Way q Numerous KBO and Centaur Observations q New KBO & Centaur Targets Expected from LSST q Giant Planet Observations q Astrophysical Applications q Heliospheric Science q Pale Blue Dot “21”, etc. for EPO
q Add FSW Applications Codes to ~100x Enhance Productivity as an Observatory.
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Pluto/KB Follow On Missions
q The complex nature of Pluto has spurred interest in PFO (Pluto Follow On) orbiter missions.
q Additional interest exists in flyby exploration of Centaurs and KBO planets to explore the diversity of this population.
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PFO Studies and Interest Groups
q Early Mission Studies at: q SwRI q Ball q Lockheed-Martin q GSFC
q PKB Follow On Community Interest Group: Already >100 Members. (Email to Join: [email protected])
q DPS-2017 PFO Workshop: October 15, 3:30-5:30 pm.
q Want NASA to Fund Pre-Decadal Studies.