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TABL !F "!#T#TS
T( )(aning o* al-Qadaa+ and al-Qadar,...................................
Al-Qadar is an Articl( o* *ait,....................................................
T( Qadar m(ntion(d in t( Quran,..........................................
Al-Qadar m(ntion(d in t( Sunna,..........................................
T( Four As/(cts $* Qadar,.......................................................0
Al-"lm Alla SWT+s 2nowl(dg(3.................................................4
Al-2itaba 5T( Writing6..........................................................14
$t(r Writings o* Ta7d((r,.......................................................81
1. T( Ta7d((r al-!muri 59o:(ring t( /(rson+s li*( s/an6,. .88
. T( #aily Ta7d((r,...........................................................8
Wat is t( r(lation b(tw((n all o* t( l(:(ls o* t( writt(n
Ta7d((r;..................................................................................8Al-)as((+a , T( Will o* Alla...............................................84
!nd(rstanding )as((+a 5Will6 and "rada 5Wat Alla wants6,
................................................................................................ 1
1. Al-"rada al-2awniyya or t( !ni:(rsal will,....................1
8. Al-"rada as-Sariyya or
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"n T( %am( o* Al-Qadar >.......................................................?0
@laming Al-Qadar , "s T(r( E:id(nc(;....................................1
Sould Al-Qadar b( discuss(d in t( rst /lac(;.....................0
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THE ESSENTIALS OF BELIEF IN FATE (QADAA’ AND
QADAR) IN ISLAM
The $eaning of al-%adaa& and al-%adar:
Al-Qadar is Bt( ability o* Alla SWTC1D w(r( H( n(wD
wrot(D will(d and cr(at(d all tings in du( /ro/ortion and
according to a /r(cis( m(asur(. Alla SWT n(w tat all tings
will a//(n b(*or( bringing t(m to (ist(nc( and in
accordanc( wit /r(-d(stin(d /ro/ortions and m(asur(s wic
Alla SWT ad writt(n in a @oo call(d al-Laou ul )a*oud
5t( Gr(s(r:(d Tabl(t6.
Al-Qadaa+ is t( /(r*(ctly /r(cis( ((cution and
accom/lism(nt o* all tings /r(-d(stin(d to occurD in
accordanc( wit Alla SWT+s all-(ncom/assing 2nowl(dg(D
Writing and Will.
W(n m(ntion(d s(/arat(lyD Qadaa' and Qadar ar(
synonymous but w(n m(ntion(d tog(t(rD Qadaa' stands *or
1 As said by "maam Am(d bin Hambal and r(/ort(d by "maam "bnQayyim al-
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t( /r(-d(stination o* (:(ntsD and w(n t( /r(-d(stin(d
matt(r ta(s /lac( - it is call(d Qadar.
Al-%adar is an Arti'le of faith:
Jaya bin Ja'mur 5a *amour Tabi'(( and a narrator o*
Had((t6 s(t out on a /ilgrimag( to )(a along wit Humaid
b. Abdur &(man HimyariD and saidD KSould w( m((t on( o*
t( 9om/anions o* t( )(ss(ng(r o* Alla SWTD w( will as im
about Ta7d((r 5Qadar6.K "ncid(ntally t(y m(t AbdullaD t( son
o* !m(r ibn 2attab &.A. and said to imD K$ Abu Abdar-
&(manD t(r( a:( a//(ar(d in our land 5suc /(o/l(6 wo
r(cit( t( Holy Quran and /(rus( nowl(dg(. T(y claim tat
t(r( is no suc ting as #i:in( #(cr(( and (:(nts ar( not /r(-
#(stin(dK.
H( 5Abdulla ibn !m(r &.A.6 saidD KW(n you a//(n to m((t
suc /(o/l( t(ll t(m tat " a:( noting to do wit t(m and
t(y a:( noting to do wit m(. And :(rily t(y ar( in no way
r(s/onsibl( *or my 5b(li(*6K. Abdulla ibn !mar swor( by Him
5t( Lord6 5and said6, "* any on( o* t(m 5wo do(s not b(li(:(
in t( #i:in( #(cr((6 ad wit im gold (7ual to t( bul o*
5t( mountain6 !ud and t(nD it 5in t( way o* Alla6D Alla
would not acc(/t it unl(ss ( aMrm(d is *ait in #i:in(
#(cr((K. H( *urt(r narrat(d t( adit o*
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$n t( autority o* N!mar 5ra6 wo said,
BWil( w( w(r( on( day sitting wit t( )(ss(ng(r o* Alla 5
6 t(r( a//(ar(d b(*or( us a man dr(ss(d in (tr(m(ly wit(
clot(s and wit :(ry blac air. %o trac(s o* Oourn(ying w(r(
:isibl( on imD and non( o* us n(w im. H( sat down clos( by
t( Gro/(t 5
6 r(st(d is n((s against t( n((s o* t(
Gro/(t 5
6 and /lac(d is /alms o:(r is tigsD and said, K$)uammad> "n*orm m( about "slam.K T( )(ss(ng(r o* Alla 5
6 r(/li(d, K"slam is tat you sould t(sti*y tat t(r( is no
d(ity worty o* worsi/ (c(/t Alla and tat )uammad is His
)(ss(ng(r 5
6D tat you sould /(r*orm sala 5ritual /ray(r6D
/ay t( aaD *ast during &amadanD and /(r*orm HaOO
5/ilgrimag(6 to t( Hous( 5t( 2aNba at )aa6D i* you cannd a way to it 5or nd t( m(ans *or maing t( Oourn(y to
it6.K H( said, KJou a:( s/o(n t( trut.K W( w(r( astonis(d
at is tus 7u(stioning im 5 6 and t(n t(lling im tat (
was rigtD but ( w(nt on to sayD K"n*orm m( about "man
5*ait6.K H( 5t( Gro/(t6 answ(r(dD K"t is tat you b(li(:( in
Alla and His ang(ls and His @oos and His )(ss(ng(rs and int( Last #ayD and in *at( 57adar6D bot in its good and in its (:il
as/(cts.K H( saidD KJou a:( s/o(n t( trut.K T(n ( 5t(
man6 saidD K"n*orm m( about "san.K H( 5t( Gro/(t6
answ(r(dD K"t is tat you sould s(r:( Alla as toug you
could s(( HimD *or toug you cannot s(( Him y(t H( s((s
you.K H( saidD K"n*orm m( about t( Hour.K H( 5t( Gro/(t6saidD KAbout tat t( on( 7u(stion(d nows no mor( tan t(
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7u(stion(r.K So ( saidD KW(llD in*orm m( about its signs.K H(
saidD KT(y ar( tat t( sla:(-girl will gi:( birt to (r mistr(ss
and tat you will s(( t( bar(*oot(d on(sD t( na(dD t(
d(stitut(D t( (rdsm(n o* t( s((/ 5com/(ting wit (ac
ot(r6 in raising lo*ty buildings.K T(r(u/on t( man w(nt oP. "
wait(d a wil(D and t(n ( 5t( Gro/(t6 saidD K$ N!marD do
you now wo tat 7u(stion(r was;K " r(/li(dD KAlla and His
)(ss(ng(r now b(tt(r.K H( saidD KTat was
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T( )(ss(ng(r o* Alla SWTD D said, B%o sla:( will 5truly6
b(li(:( until ( b(li(:(s in al-QadarD its good and bad *rom
Alla and until ( nows tat wat as b(*all(n im was not
going to /ass im byD and wat as /ass(d im by was not
going to b(*all im.C 5Sunan at-Tirmid(( and aut(nticat(d by
al-Albaan(( in Sa(( Sunan at-Tirmid(( no.14?6
T( Had((t r(lat(d by Tawoos 5"bn 2ay(saan al-Jamani6wo said tat, B" *ound som( 9om/anions o* Alla SWT+s
)(ss(ng(r as saying, IE:(ryting is by Qadar 5m(asur(6+.C
And ( *urt(r said, B" (ard Abdulla bin !m(r - radiyallau
anu - as saying, IT(r( is a m(asur( *or (:(ryting - (:(n *or
inca/acity and ca/ability+.C 5Sai )uslimD Englis trans.D ol.?D
%o.0?16
Abu Huraira &.A. r(/ort(d tat t( /olyt(ists o* t(
Qurais cam( argu( wit Alla SWT+s )(ss(ng(r about
Qadar and t(n tis :(rs( was r(:(al(d, The Da+ when the+
will be dragged in the Fire on their fa'es (it will be said
to them) 5Taste +o the to'h of 3ell&. "ertainl+, e
hae 'reated all things with %adar.6 Soora al-Qamar
5?6,?=3
The For As2e'ts !f %adar:
"n ord(r to corr(ctly und(rstand t( issu( o* QadarD t(
*ollowing *our t(rms n((d to studi(d in d(tail,-
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7. Al-"lm 52nowl(dg(6
8. 2ittaba 5Writing69. )as+((a 5Will6. Al-2al7 59r(ation6
S(i-ul-"slamD "bn Taymiyya as summari(d t(s( rans
in is *amous boo on t( cr((d 5A7((da6 o* t( Alus-
SunnaD BAl-A7((da al-WasitiyyaC.
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THE FIRST ASPECT OF QADAR -KNOWLEDGE
Al-Ilm ;Allah ST&s
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- And that Allah ST srronds ('om2rehends) all
things in 3is ha+b (all that
is hidden), none knows them bt 3e. And 3e knows
whateer there is on the earth and in the sea? not a
leaf falls bt 3e knows it. There is not a grain in the
darkness of the earth nor an+thing fresh or dr+, bt
is written in a "lear @e'ord./Soora al-An'aam 506,
3
- Alla nows tat t( disb(li(:(rs 52uPar6 on t( #ay o*
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Ali 5)ay Alla b( /l(as(d wit im6 narrat(d tat on( day t(
Gro/(t was sitting wit a wood(n stic in is and wit
wic ( was scratcing t( ground. H( rais(d is (ad and
saidD BT(r( is non( o* youD but as is /lac( assign(d (it(r in
t( Fir( or in Garadis(.C T(y 5t( 9om/anions6 in7uir(dD B$
Alla SWT+s )(ss(ng(r > Wy sould w( carry on doing good
d((dsD sall w( d(/(nd 5u/on Qadar6 and gi:( u/ wor;C T(
Gro/(t said, B%oD carry on doing good d((dsD *or (:(ryon(
will nd it (asy 5to do6 suc d((ds tat will l(ad im towards
tat *or wic ( as b((n cr(at(dC. T(n ( r(cit(d t(
:(rs(, BAs *or im wo gi:(s 5in carity6 and ((/s is duty to
Alla and *(ars HimD and b(li(:(s in al-Husna8. W( will ma(
smoot *or im t( /at o* Eas( 5goodn(ss6. Soora al-Lail
586,-43 5Sai )uslimD Englis trans.D :ol.?D no.0?6
"bn Abbas narrat(d tat t( Gro/(t was as(d about t(
cildr(n o* t( )usri((n 5/olyt(ists6 w(r(u/on ( said,
BAlla SWT alon( nows wat t(y would b( doing 5w(r( t(y
to li:(6.C 5Sai al-@uariD Englis trans.D ol.=. %o.0 and
Sai )uslimD Englis trans.D ol.?D %o.0?6
9omm(nting on tis Had((tD S(i-ul-"slam "bn Taymiyya
said, BAlla SWT nows wo among t(m will b( a 2aar or a
)u+min onc( t(y r(ac(d t( ag( o* /ub(rty.C 5&(/ort(d in al-
FatawaD :ol.?D /.8?06
8 T( trutD tat is Taw((d and t( /at o* rigt(ousn(ss tat it/r(scrib(sD or a r(ward *rom Alla tat will com/(nsat( t( b(li(:(r *ortat wic ( s/(nds in Alla's way
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H( also saidD B"t cannot b( rul(d out w(t(r a /articular
cild *rom t( cildr(n o* t( )usri((n will b( in t( H(ll or
Garadis(. As it is m(ntion(d in many Had((tD tat on t( #ay
o*
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mis'hief and shed blood, while we glorif+ +o with
2raises and thanks 5Ealt(d b( Jou *rom tat wic t(y
associat( wit Jou as /artn(rs6 and san'tif+ o.& 3e 5Alla
SWT6 said, I know that whi'h +o do not know&./
Soora al-@a7ara 586, 3
Alla nows wo d(s(r:(s uidanc( and wo do(s notD as H(
says, 3ae +o seen him, who takes his own lst 5:aind(sir(s6 as his ilah (god), and Allah 5nowing im as
suc6 left him astra+, and sealed his hearing and his
heart, and 2t a 'oer on his sight? ho then will gide
him after Allah1 ill +o then not remember./ Soora al-
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belieers) that Allah has faored from among s1 Does
not Allah know best those who are gratefl1/ Soora al-
An'aam 506, 3
Had t(ir (arts b((n grat(*ulD submitting and lo:ing as t(
(arts o* t( /oor b(li(:(rsD Alla SWT would a:( *a:our(d
t(m too. @ut t( *a:ours o* Alla SWT only suit t(ir /ro/(r
/lac(s 5wic Alla SWT n(w in is For(nowl(dg(6. T(coic( is always lin(d to His 2nowl(dg(D as H( saysD Allah
ST knows best with whom to 2la'e 3is
$essage./ Soora al-An'aam 506, 18?3
- And +or @abb 'reates whatsoeer 3e wills and
'hooses. #o 'hoi'e hae the+ 5in any matt(r6.
>loriCed be Allah ST and 4alted aboe all that
the+ asso'iate as 2artners 5wit Him6. And +or Lord
knows what their breasts 'on'eal, and what the+
reeal./ Soora al-Qasas 58=6, 0=-03
- And indeed e hae bestowed aforetime on
Ibraheem his 5/ortion o*6 gidan'e, and e were
well-A'ainted with him 5as to is b(li(* in Taw((dD
(tc.6./ Soora al-Anbiyaa' 5816, 13
%ot only is Alla all-2nowing and all-Wis( about His coic(D
but also o* t( 9ons(7u(nc(s and t( %obl( aims o* His
9ommands and L(gislationD as H( says,
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- Eihaad 5gting in Alla SWT+s caus(6 is ordained for
+o 5)uslims6, thogh +o dislike it, and it ma+ be
that +o dislike a thing whi'h is good for +o and
that +o like a thing that is bad for +o. Allah
knows bt +o do not know./ Soora al-@a7ara 586,
8103
Tis :(rs( calls u/on )uslims to abid( by t( command o* Alla SWT altoug it may b( diMcult *or t(mD and tat t(y
sould acc(/t is Qadaa'.
A good (am/l( r(lat(d to t( issu( o* For(nowl(dg(D
9oic( and 9ons(7u(nc( is t( #uaa+ o* al-"stiaraD w(r(by
a )uslim ass *or Alla SWT+s guidanc( in a c(rtain aPair
saying,
B$ AllaD " as your guidanc( du( to Jour 2nowl(dg(D and
a//(al to Jou to (l/ m( du( to Jour AbilityD and as Jou *rom
Jour gr(at Fa:orD *or Jou ar( Abl( and " am notD Jou now and "
don+t nowD and Jou now all idd(n matt(rs. $ Alla SWTD i*
Jou now tat tis matt(r 5wat(:(r it may b(6 is good *or m(in my #((n 5r(ligion6D my li:(lioodD t( a*t(rmat o* my
matt(r 5also said, *or my li*( in t( H(r(a*t(r6 - its sort t(rm
and long t(rmU t(n d(cr(( it *or m( and ma( it (asy *or m(D
and b(stow bl(ssings *or m( in it. And i* Jou now tat tis
matt(r is bad *or m( in my #((nD my li:(lioodD t( a*t(rmat
o* my matt(r - its sort t(rm and long t(rmD t(n ((/ it away
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*rom m(D and turn m( away *rom it and d(cr(( *or m( t( good
w(r(:(r it is and cont(nd m( wit it.C 5Sai al-@uariD
Englis trans.D ol.8D %o.80D Sunan Abu #awoodD Englis
trans.D ol.1D %o.16
)an n((ds to now wat b(n(ts im. H( is not sur(
w(t(r ( can aci(:( wat ( wants. H( do(s not w(t(r it
is diMcult or not. H( cannot aci(:( t( most d(sirabl(outcom(D i* Alla SWT do(s not guid( im wit His 2nowl(dg(D
(l/s im du( to His Ability and ma(s it (asy *or im du( to
His Fa:our. T( b(li(:(r tus su//licat(s 5ma(s #uaa'6 to Alla
SWT to ma( im cont(nt wit is coic(D or to turn im away
*rom is coic(D *or Alla SWT alon( nows by is innit(
Wisdom wat is good *or His cr(ation. To summari(D mans((s....
7. "stiara 5b(*or( ( ma(s a d(cision6
8. &ida or cont(nt 5a*t(r ( ma(s t( d(cision6
$nly tat a//(ns wat Alla SWT as alr(ady d(cr((dD
How(:(r.....
Gart o* t( succ(ss tat Alla SWT b(stows u/on His sla:(s
is to guid( im to "stiara b(*or( wat as b((n d(cr((d
a//(nsD and to t( cont(ntm(nt a*t(r it a//(ns.
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Gart o* Alla SWT+s umiliation o* His sla:( w(n ( do(s
not ma( "stiara b(*or( wat as b((n d(cr((d a//(nsD
is tat ( is not cont(nt wit wat as a//(n(d.
"n t( y(ar o* al-Huday(biyaD t( /agan Arabs o* t(
Qurais /r(:(nt(d t( Gro/(t and is 9om/anions *rom
(nt(ring )(cca to /(r*orming !mra. "nst(ad t(y im/os(d
s(:(r( conditions on t( )uslims and t( Gro/(t acc(/t(dt(mD nowing tat Alla would n(:(r abandon t( b(li(:(rs
and tat t( nal :ictory would b( t(irs. $n t(ir way bac to
)(dinaD w(n t( 9om/anions 5Saaba6 w(r( o:(rw(lm(d
wit gri(* and distr(ssD Alla SWT r(:(al(d t( :(rs(D *eril+
e hae gien +o (! $hammed) a manifest
i'tor+/ Soora al-Fat 5?=6,13
Alla tus r(ward(d t( )uslims *or t(ir /ati(nc(D
b(caus(.... 3e knew what +o knew not, and 3e granted
besides that a near i'tor+6. Soora al-Fat 5?=6,843
S(( ar-&a((7 al-)atoom 5(nglis trans.6 /.?= and Fat
al-@ari 544=-=16
Som( o* t( cons(7u(nc(s o* tis tr(aty w(r( tat /(o/l(
cam( n(ar to "slam and t( )uslims w(r( abl( to s/(a about
t(ir r(ligion wit /roo*s and (:id(nc(s. And in Oust two y(arsD
t(r( cam( into t( *old o* "slam as many as t( /(o/l( wo
(nt(r(d b(*or(. T( 2aaba was o/(n to anyon( wo wis(d to
:isit it sinc( t( tim( o* t( Gro/(t "braaim. T( arroganc(
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and animosity o* t( Qurais dro:( many /(o/l( towards "slamD
wo b(li(:(d tat t( )uslims too ad t( rigt to :isit t(
2aaba.
Som( im/ortant /oints o* tis s(ction ar(,-
Alla SWT n(w all about t( conditions and aPairs o* His
sla:(s (:(n b(*or( t(ir cr(ation.
H( t(sts t(m wit His trials and commandsD as H(
saysD *eril+ e hae made that whi'h is on earth as an
adoration for it, in order that e ma+ test them
(mankind) as to whi'h of them are best in
deeds/ Soora al-2a* 51=6, 43
T(y will t(n (it(r d(s(r:( His /rais( or His blam(D His
r(ward or His /unism(nt- all according to t(ir d((dsD and
id(ntical to wat Alla n(w in His For(nowl(dg(.
T(y did not d(s(r:( any &(ward o* Gunism(nt wil( it
was still 2nowl(dg( wit HimD until wat was nown to Alla
b(cam( mani*(st by )an+s own doing.
H( s(nt His )(ss(ng(rs to cut oP all o* man+s (cus(s
6And e hae made some of +o as a trial for others
6 Soora al-Fur7an 586,8
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..and to (stablis /roo* against t(ms(l:(sD l(st t( sould
sayD BHow can JouD $ Alla SWT /unis us *or wat w( did not
do;C
W(n a b(li(:(rs s((s Alla SWT+s guidanc( and is
/ati(nt wit t( imm(diat( outcom(D Alla r(wards t(m wit
cont(ntm(nt and a /(r*(ctly b(n(cial and succ(ss*ul
a*t(rmat 5as in t( cas( o* "stiara and t( tr(aty o* Hudaibiya6.
T( @(li(:(rs acnowl(dg( Alla SWT+s Fa:or u/on t(m
and ar( always grat(*ul to Him. T( ungrat(*ul ar( t( on(s li(
tos( m(ntion(d in t( QuranD hen harm to'hes man,
he 'alls 2on Gs 5*or (l/6, then when e oHer him a
faor from Gs b+ res'ing him from harm, he wold sa+,
5!nl+ be'ase of knowledge 5" /oss(ss6 that I a'hieed
it./ Soora a-Xumar 56, ?3
@emember: IT IS !#L A T@IAL/
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THE SECOND ASPECT OF QADAR -WRITING
Al-
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E:(n t( minut(st d(tail as b((n r(cord(d in t(
Gr(s(r:(d Tabl(tD as Alla says, And nothing is hidden from
+or @bb 5so muc as6 the weight of an atom on the
earth or in the heaen? whateer is less or greater than
that e4'e2t that it is 5writt(n6 in a "lear @e'ord./ Soora
Junus 516, 013
E:(ryting was writt(n *ty tousand y(ars b(*or( t(cr(ation o* t( (a:(n and (artD as t( )(ss(ng(r o* Alla
5salallau alaii wa salalam6 said, BAlla ad writt(n t(
ordain(d m(asur(s 5and t(ir du( /ro/ortions6 o* t( cr(ationD
*ty tousand y(ars b(*or( t( cr(ation o* t( (a:(ns and t(
(art as His Ars 5Tron(6 was on wat(r.C
Sai )uslim 5(nglis trans.6 :ol.?D no.0?10. Tis Had((t
indicat(s tat t( Ars o* Alla was cr(at(d b(*or( t( writing
in t( cl(ar @oo too /lac(.
Alla ord(r(d al-Qalam 5t( /(n6 to writ( all t( r(cords till
t( #ay is (stablis(dD o* all /r(-ordain(d m(asur(s, %arrat(d
Ab(( Ha*saa, !bada "bn as-Samit said to is son - $ son> Jousall not g(t t( tru( s(ns( o* E(man 5*ait6 until you
acnowl(dg( tat wat as b(*all(n you was not to (sca/( you
5or miss you6D and wat miss(d you was not to b(*all youU "
(ard t( Gro/(t saying, B5As soon as Alla cr(at(d t( G(nD
H( command(d it sayingD IWrit(+. "t saidD IWat sould " writ(D
my &abb 5Lord6;+. Alla saidD IWrit( t( r(cord o* all
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/r(ordain(d matt(r until t( comm(nc(m(nt o* t( Hour+.C
Furt(rmor(D !bada "bn as-Samit saidD B$ my son> " a:(
(ard Alla+s )(ss(ng(r sayingD IH( wo di(s b(li(:ing in ot(r
tan tis is not *rom m( 5i.(. is not on t( Gro/(t+s way o*
b(li(*6.C
Sunan Abu #awoodD Sunan at-Tirmidi and )usnad Am(d
bin Hambal
T(s( r(cords ar( /(r*(ct and a:( miss(d noting. AllaD
t( Ealt(d as said r(*(rring to t( answ(r o* )oosa to t(
Garao, 3e (the haroah) said, 5hat abot the
generations of old1& 3e ($oosa) said, 5The
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W(n !m(r ibn al-2attab was as(d about t(
:(rs(, hen +or Lord drew forth from the "hildren of
Adam from their loins, their des'endants 5oPs/ring6, and
made them testif+ 'on'erning themseles, 5saying6: 6Am
I not +or Lord 5Wo c(ris(s and sustains you616 The+
said: 6es we testif+ to it6 That was in 'ase +o shold
sa+ on the Da+ of Edgment: 6"ertainl+ we were
naware of all this.6 Soora al-A'ra* 546, 148 3
H( said, W(n Alla+s )(ss(ng(r was as(d about t(n "
(ard im say, Alla cr(at(d AadamD H( /ass(d His Hand o:(r
is bacD and brougt *ort *rom it is oPs/ringD saying, I" a:(
cr(at(d t(s( *or Garadis( and t(y will do t( d((ds o* Alul-
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Attribut(sD ad tat, IThere is nothing like nto 3im& 5Soora
as-Sura ?8,116
"t is in accordanc( wit Alla+s 2nowl(dg(D Wisdom and
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E/lain our #((n to us as i* w( a:( b((n
cr(at(d Oust now. Wat(:(r w( do todayD is it b(caus( o* t(
*act tat t( /(ns a:( turn(d dry 5a:ing writt(n t( r(cords6
and t( d(stini(s a:( b(gun to o/(rat(; $r is it som(ting
tat Oust a//(ns 5witout /r(-d(stination6;C T(r(u/onD t(
)(ss(ng(r saidD B%ay> Sur(ly it is b(caus( o* wat as b((n
r(cord(d by t( /(ns a*t(r t(y a:( dri(d and t( d(stini(s
a:( b(gun to o/(rat(C
Sa(( )uslim :ol.?D no.0?8 V 0?. S(( t( E/lanation
o* al-A7((da at-TaawiyyaD /.804-80=
!ther ritings of Tadeer:
T(r( is (:id(nc( *rom t( Quran and SunnaD tat a/art
*rom t( writing o* Ta7d((r tat Alla command(d on al-Laau
al-)a*oud 5T( Gr(s(r:(d Tabl(t6 t(r( ar( ot(r writings o*
Ta7d((rD among t(m ar(,-
7. The Tadeer al-Gmri ("oering the 2erson&s life
s2an):
T( G(rson+s li:(lioodD li*(-t(rmD d((ds and is status in t(
H(r(a*t(r 5wr(tc(d or bl(ss(d6 ar( writt(n wil( in t(
mot(r+s womb at an (arly stag( o* is d(:(lo/m(nt. Tis is
conrm(d in t( Had((t r(lat(d by Abdulla bin )asood wosaidD tat t( )(ss(ng(r o* Alla 5salallau alaii wa salalam6
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said, BT( cr(ation o* (:(ryon( o* you is coll(ct(d *or t( rst
*orty days in is mot(r+s womb in t( *orm o* a %ut*a a*t(r
wic it turns into a Ala7a *or an (7ual /(riod. T(n it b(com(s
a )ud7a *or a similar /(riod and t(n Alla s(nds an ang(l
wit *our words r(cording, t( /(rson+s /ro:isionD is li*( t(rmD
is d((dsD or w(t(r ( will b( o* t( wr(tc(d or t( bl(ss(d
5in t( H(r(a*t(r6.C
Sai al-@uari :ol.=D /.=4D no. and Sai )uslim :ol.?D
/.11D no.0
8. The Annal Tadeer:
Tis Ta7d((r ta(s /lac( on t( nigt o* d(cr(( 5Lailat al-
Qadr6D AllaD t( Ealt(d says, BT(r(in 5tat nigt6 is d(cr((d
(:(ry matt(r o* ordainm(ntC
Soora ad-#uaan 5??6, ?
Also "bn Abbas said, B$n t( nigt o* #(cr((D (:(ryting tat
occurs o:(r t( wol( 5coming6 y(ar *rom t( matt(rs o* d(atD
birtsD /ro:isionsD and t( rain would b( r(cord(d *rom t(
&(cord o* t( )ot(r o* t( @ooU it would (:(n b( said tat
suc and suc a /(rson would /(r*orm HaOO.C J8K
9. The Dail+ Tadeer:
"t dir(cts t( /r(-ordain(d Ta7d((r according to its /r(:iously
a//oint(d t(rms and on its s/(cic tim(s. Alla
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says, hosoeer is in the heaens and on the earth ask
of 3im (for their needs). er+ da+ 3e has a matter to
bring forth./ Soora ar-&(man 56, 83
T( Gro/(t said (/laining t( :(rs(, BE:(ryday Alla as a
matt(r to bring *ortD tat H( may *orgi:( a sin *or som(on(D
r(li(* t( ardsi/ o* som(on(D li*t 5in onor6 som( and low(r
5in disgrac(6 ot(rs.C
Sunan "bn )aOa and Ab(( IAasim in Bas-SunnaC no.1
and aut(nticat(d by al-Albaan(( in Sa(( Sunan "bn )aOa
no.88
hat is the relation between all of the leels of the
written Tadeer1
S(i ul-"slam "bn Taim((ya and "bn Qaiyyim al-
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"n ot(r boos 5or writings6D ow(:(r cang(s may occurD as
in t( cas( o* t( boos andl(d by t( ang(lsD as Alla
says, Allah blots ot what 3e wills and 'onCrms 5wat H(
wills6? and with 3im is Gmml
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t( actual outcom( o* (t(nsion in t( li*( t(rmD or tat r(lat(d
to t( incr(as( in /ro:isions. H( 5Alla6 nows t( out com(
5i.(. t( /r(-a//oint(d t(rm wic is not to b( /rolong(d nor
d(lay(d.C al-FatawaD :ol.=D /.14 and /.?3
Al-Haad "bn HaOar said, BFor (am/l(D to say to t( ang(l
tat t( ag( o* suc and suc /(rson is undr(d y(ars i* (
Ooins t( ti( o* is insi/D and sity y(ars i* ( s(:(rs it. "n t(For(nowl(dg( o* Alla it is nown w(t(r ( will Ooin or s(:(r
t( ti( o* insi/U and wat(:(r is in Alla+s 2nowl(dg( is not
subO(ct to (t(nsion or d(lay. How(:(rD t( ang(ls nowl(dg( is
t( on( subO(ct to t( incr(as( or d(cr(as(. Tis is wat is
r(*(rr(d to in Alla+s saying, Allah blots ot what 3e wills
and 'onCrms5wat H( wills6U and with 3im is Gmml
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"t is in t( For(nowl(dg( o* Alla tat wo *rom His
cr(ation will b( ob(di(nt to Him and wo will b( t(
disob(di(ntD accordingly H( t(rm(d t(m as Alul-
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THE THIRD ASPECT OF QADAR: THEWILL OF ALLAH
Al-$ashee&ah : The ill of Allah
"t is (ss(ntial to b(li(:( tat Alla as will(d (:(ryting
tat go(s on in t( uni:(rs(. His Will and His /r(-ordaining
/ow(r (P(cti:(ly co:(rs (:(ryting. Wat(:(r H( WillsD will
occur and wat(:(r H( do(s not WillD will n(:(r ta( /lac(.
S/(aing about t( /(o/l( o* t( @ooD Alla warn(d t(
Gro/(t not to *ollow t(ir d(sir(s and command(d im to
*ollow wat Alla as brougt down to imD t( Quran. AndsaidD If Allah willed, 3e wold hae made +o one
nation, bt that (3e) ma+ test +o in what 3e has gien
+o./ Soora al-)aaida 56, ?=3
Had Alla wis(d to a:( us *ollow on( @ooD on( l(gislation
and on( )(ss(ng(rD at all tim(s and all /lac(sD H( would a:(
don( tat. @ut Alla will(d to t(st is sla:(s wit trials tat
distinguis b(tw((n t( ob(di(nt and t( disob(di(nt. H( is all-
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T( Gro/(t "braaim+s sayings to is /(o/l(D I fear not
those whom +o asso'iate with Allah in worshi2 5%oting
can a//(n to m(6 e4'e2t when m+ @abb (Allah) wills
something. $+ @abb 'om2rehends in 3is
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Alla gi:(s /ow(r to wom H( willsD li*ts u/ in onor or
d(grad(s and H( alon( gi:(s :ictory or d(*(at to wom H(
willsD as H( said, Sa+ 5$ )uamm(d 5salallau alaii wa
salalam6D ! Allah ossessor of the
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6hat Allah does not will shall neer take 2la'e:
Sa+ 5$ )uamm(d 5salallau alaii wa salalam6D If Allah has
so willed, I shold not hae re'ited it to +o nor wold
3e hae made it known to +o./Soora Junus 516, 103
"* Alla willsD H( can s(al t( (art *rom guidanc(. Abdulla
bin IAmr bin al-IAas saidD tat ( (ard Alla+s )(ss(ng(r
sayingD BAll t( (arts o* t( oPs/ring o* Aadam ar( b(tw((ntwo ng(rs o* Ar-&(man+s Fing(rsD as on( (art. H( turns it 5in
any dir(ction6 as H( wills. T(n Alla+s )(ss(ng(r saidD B$
Alla> T( Turn(r o* t( (artsD turn our (art towards Jour
ob(di(nc(.C Sa(( )uslim :ol.?D /.14D no.0?1=3
)an+s will is tru( and r(alD but it do(s not (sca/( Alla+s willD
as H( says, And the+ will not re'eie admonition nless
Allah wills./ Soora al-)uddattir 54?6, 03
And +o 'annot will nless Allah wills. *eril+ Allah is
eer all-
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on( nation. Tis is b(caus(D H( is t( only $wn(r and t( only
&abbD as H( says,
*eril+, +or @abb 'reates whateer 3e wills and
'hooses./ Soora al-Qasas 58=6, 0=3
And e 'ase whom e will, to remain in the
wombs for an a22ointed term./ Soora al-HaOO 5886, 3
To Allah belongs the
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"bn Abbas said, B"t m(ans tat Alla o/(ns u/ on(+s (art *or
t( acc(/tanc( o* and b(li(* in Taw((d.C S(( Ta*s((r "bn
2at((r *or t( 7uot(d :(rs(
$n t( ot(r andD womso(:(r H( wills to l(ad astrayD H(
would ma( is c(st strictly clos(d *rom nowing Alla and
lo:ing Him. BTis is a
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For Eam/l(, Alla cr(at(d SaitaanD y(t H( at(s im.
Li(wis(D H( cr(at(d t( 2uParD but H( at(s t(m. Wat(:(r
Alla /(rmits to (istD do(s not m(an tat H( lo:(s t(m. Tis
is Al-"rada al-2awniyya 5or !ni:(rsal will6. !nd(r tis willD
Alla may d(cr(( to /ass tings wic H( do(s not command
His sla:(s to *ollow 5li( 2uPr and disob(di(nc(6.
8. Al-Iradah ash-Shari++ah or Edi'ial will:
"t is tat wic is in accordanc( wit Alla+s l(gislation. "t is
r(lat(d to wat Alla li(sD w(t(r it ta(s /lac( or not.
For Eam/l(, T( acts o* ob(di(nc( *rom t( ang(lsD /ro/(ts
and b(li(:(rs ar( lo:(d by Alla and ar( /ass(d by His
!ni:(rsal will. !nd(r Al-"rada as-Sariyya it is not n(c(ssary
tat His commands will b( ((cut(d. T( 2uPar r(b(l against
Al-"rada as-Sariyya.
TABL. 7
$ashee&ah or Al-
Iradah al-
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ordinanc(s6
Alla /ass(s wat H(
wills. "t is not n(c(ssary tat
H( li(s wat H( cr(at(sD or
wat is b(ing carri(d out.
Saytaan is cr(at(d ans
Alla at(s im and is
*ollow(rs. H( at(s and
disli(s t(ir d((ds too. @ut
t(y ta( /lac( b(caus( H(
will(d so. H( do(s not
command is sla:(s to
*ollow wat H( disli(s.
"t is only tat
wic Alla lo:(s
and li(s..
%o cr(atur( can (sca/(
tis !ni:(rsal will o* Alla
His l(gislati:(
commands ar(
r(b(ll(d against by
t( 2uPar and t(
disob(di(nt. H(
lo:(s rigt(ousn(ss
but not (:(rybody
com/li(s
TABL. 8
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9ASE$ashee&ah or al-
Iradah
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to ta( /lac(. Wat H( li(s or disli(sD is diP(r(nt *rom His will
5)as((+a6.
T( Tru( b(li(:(r *ollowsD do(s not dis/ut( and submits to
t( l(gislati:( commands o* Alla. Tis is t( rigt o* Al-"rada
as-Sariyya u/on (:(ry sla:( o* Alla. "n t( ligt o* Al-
"rada al-2awniyya and Al-"rada as-SariyyaD l(t us
(amin( t( r(s/ons( o* !m(r "bn al-2attab w(n ( wasblam(d *or d(ciding not to (nt(r as-Saam 5r(at(r Syria6
b(caus( o* a sudd(n outbr(a o* /lagu(. H( was told, Ar( you
running away *rom som(ting wic Alla as ordain(d; $m(r
r(/li(d, BJ(s> W( run away *rom tat Alla as ordain(d 5in t(
cas( o* /lagu(6 to anot(r ting wic Alla as ordain(d.C
T(r(*or( i* som(on( is touc(d by ung(rD tirst or coldD
all o* wic ar( /r(ordain(d by AllaD all ar( *rom t( QadarU
t( r(s/ons( would b( to (atD drin and /ut on clot(sD tus
c(cing t( Qadar wit Qadar to t( b(st o* is ability. H(
c(cs t( r( wit wat(r or soil until it is (tinguis(d. H(
(tinguis(s t( Qadar o* Alla 5r(6 wit anot(r Qadar o*
Alla 5wat(r6. Similarly wit illn(ssD ( c(cs it wit anot(r
QadarD m(dicin(. And i* an (n(my o* "slam /lots against t(
)uslimsD t(n tis too is by t( Qadar o* Alla. "t is incumb(ntD
ow(:(r on (:(ry )uslim to c(c tis Qadar wit anot(r
Qadar wic Alla lo:(sD and it is t(
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"n t( cas(D w(r( t( #i:in( d(cr(( is to /ass and it
cannot b( c(c(d. T( sla:( o* Alla must totally submit and
r(cogni( t( )igt o* Alla in His &ulingsD
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str(ssD illn(ssD (tc.6 befall +o is from +orseles./ Soora
an-%isaa' 5?6, 43
6And whateer of misfortnes befall +o, it is be'ase
of what +or hands hae earned./ Soora as-Sura 5?86,
3
Sa+, ! $hammed 5salallau alaii wa salalam6 All
things are from Allah, so what is wrong with these
2eo2le that the+ fail to nderstand an+ word1/ Soora
al-A'ra* 546, 4=3
Some im2ortant 2oints of this se'tionM.
• All matt(rs ar( und(r t( )as((+a 5will6 o* Alla. All
a//(ns i* Alla willsD ot(rwis( it could n(:(r
a//(n
• )an+s will is tru( and r(alD but it do(s not (sca/(
Alla+s will8. Alla guid(s wom H( wills and
misguid(s wom H( willsD t( coic( b(ing d(cid(d
by His For(nowl(dg( and Wisdom.
• @ot "rada al-2awniyya and "rada al-Sarri+yya
ar( /art o* Alla+s Wisdom. E:(ry ting tat Alla
do(s 5!ni:(rsal will6 or commands His sla:(s 5
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WisdomD w(t(r w( ar( abl( to und(rstand t(m or
not. As H( says, Is not Allah the Best of
Edges16 Soora at-Tin 56, =3
• Alla lo:(s tos( wo do goodD act Oustly and *ollow
His wayD Sa+ 5$ )uamm(d 5salallau alaii wa
salalam6 If +o (reall+) loe Allah, then followme, and Allah will loe +o./ Soora al-"mran 56,
13
• Alla disli(s wat H( as /roibit(d o* bad d((ds
and sayings, If +o disbeliee, srel+ Allah does
not need +o, 3e likes not disbelief for 3is
slaes, and if +o are gratefl, this 2leases
3im./ Soora a-Xumar 56, 43
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T'! Fo#%t' As(!ct of Qa"a%: T'!C%!ation
Al-ardian, Trstee,
et'.) oer all things./ Soora a-Xumar 56, 083
That is Allah, +or @abb, the "reator of
eer+thing./ Soora ar 5?6, 083
Sa+ (! $hammed 5salallau alaii wa salalam6 that
Allah is the "reator of eer+thing, and 3e is the !ne,
the irresistible./ Soora Ar-&a'd 516, 103
T( ran o* Al-2al7 includ(s t( Actions o* Alla and t(
actions o* His cr(atur(s. T( Actions o* Alla ar( tru( and r(al.
T(y con*orm to wat is (ntail(d by His %am(s and Attribut(s.
T(y in[u(nc( all o* cr(ation in accordanc( wit His
2nowl(dg(D )as((+aD and Ability. %oting mo:(sD no matt(r
ow small it isD (c(/t by His )as((+aD 2nowl(dg( and
Ability. Womso(:(r H( guid(sD t(r( is non( wo can
misguid(D and womso(:(r H( misguid(sD non( can guid(.
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T( (rs( >ide s to the Straight ath./ 5Soora al-
Faatia , 6 conrms tat guidanc( is sougt *rom t( $n(
Wo is Abl( to gi:( it. "t b(longs to HimU i* H( willsD H( gi:(s itD
and i* H( wills notD H( olds it.
uidanc( is nowing t( trut and ((cuting it. AllaD alon(D
is abl( to ma( som(on( nowl(dg(abl( about t( trutD s((
itD and wor by it. Tis uidanc( is som(ting tat (:(nGro/(ts ;7= and most rigt(ous /(o/l( cannot oP(r.
"ertainl+, +o 5)uammad 5salallau alaii wa
salalam66 gide not whom +o loe, bt Allah gides
whom 3e wills./ Soora al-Qasas 58=6, 03
"n all o* His actions t(r( is /(r*(ct wisdom. H( do(s not doanyting in :ain nor is His action d(:oid o* any m(aning. Alla's
Actions ar( &(alD All-Wis( and All-
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"t stands against two (tr(m(s. T( rst wic claim(d tat
/r(-d(stiny d(/ri:(d man *rom is ability and coic(. According
to tis claimD man as no will and no r(al actionD and tat ( is
Oust li( a *(at(r in t( wind. Tis grou/ is nown as Al-
Tat is wy t( Gro/(t
5salallau alaii wa salalam6 call(d t(m t( B)aOoos 5)aOians6
o* tis !mmaCD b(caus( t( )aOoos claim tat Satan Bcr(at(sC
(:il and arm*ul tingsD maing Satan a Bcr(atorC b(sid(s
Alla. Tis grou/ is nown as Al-Qadariyya ;9=.
F ! ! T # ! T S
;7= Gro/(ts and t(ir *ollow(rs (/lain and /roclaim t(
)(ssag(. Tis guidanc( is nown as t( guidanc( o* "rsad.
Alla+s guidanc( is nown as t( guidanc( o* Taw*((7, o/(ning
on(+s (art to r(c(i:( t( trut.
;8= Tis is t( conc(/t o* Al-
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;9= Abu #awood r(lat(d on t( autority o* Abdulla bin
!mar tat t( Gro/(t 5salallau alaii wa salalam6 said, BA"-
Qadariyya ar( t( )aOoos o* is !mmaD i* t(y b(com( ill do
not :isit t(mD and w(n t(y di( do not witn(ss t(m 5t(ir
*un(rals6C S(i Al-Albani said tat t( Had((t is Hassan
5aut(ntic6 by way o* its combin(d narrations. S((
At-TaawiyyaD G. 84 and As-Sunna by Ab(( IAasim .11?.
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T'! )!"i#) co#%s! is t'at of A's-S#nna'* t'! fo&&o+!%s of As-Sa&af
#s Sa&i':
W(t(r a )uslim do(s good d((ds li( /ray(r and carityD
or do(s a bad d((dU ( is ind((d t( do(r o* t(s( d((ds
b(caus( ( act(d by is will. Tat is wat Alla and His
)(ss(ng(r conrm(d. %(:(rt(l(ssD i* you want to now ow
t( )uslim+s d((ds ar( /art o* Al-Qadar and t( )as((+a o*
AllaD t(n as t( 7u(stion, Wat mad( t(m do t(s( d((ds;
The answer: @y t(ir ability and will. Tat is wy t(y
d(s(r:( (it(r r(ward *or t( good d((dsD or /unism(nt *ort( (:il on(s. E:(ryon( agr((s to tis.
The ne4t estion is: Wo is t( 9r(ator o* t(ir ability
and will;
9(rtainlyD Alla. 9ons(7u(ntly t(ir d((ds ar( t( cr(ation o*
Alla. &(m(mb(r tat Alla brougt to (ist(nc( t(ir d((ds asw(ll as all t( m(ans tat mad( t(s( d((ds mani*(st(d.C ;7=
T( (rs(, o 'annot will, nless Allah wills./ 5Soora
al-"nsan 5406,6D is a conrmation o* man+s will and tat it is
und(r Alla+s will. Also it is a r(s/ons( against t( abo:( two
(tr(m(s.
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Furt(rmor(D t( :(rs(, And o (Alone) we worshi2
and o (Alone) we seek for hel2./ 5Soora al-
Faatia,6D conrms t( sla:(+s own actions o* worsi/D and
tat it occurs only a*t(r Alla+s (l/.
"* Alla do(s not (l/ im and ma( im abl( and willing to
do t( worsi/D t( sla:( would not b( abl( to /(r*orm it. T(
:(rs( is on( mor( r(s/ons( against t( conc(/t o* t(
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T'! Ran,s of A&-Qa"a% Tog!t'!%
T( b(li(* in Al-Qadar can only b( accom/lis(d w(n all
*our rans o* Al-Qadar ar( r(ali(dD b(caus( t(y ar( rmly
int(rr(lat(d. As 9onrm(d in t( Quran and SunnaD Alla
(ncom/ass(s all cr(ationD /astD /r(s(ntD and *utur( on(s. H(
nows all about t(ir (ntiti(sD t(ir d((dsD t(ir d(scri/tionsD
(tc. H( r(cord(d all o* tis in t( Gr(s(r:(d Tabl(t in countl(ss
t(ts. All o* Alla+s 9r(ation is und(r His willD noting (sca/(s it.
Wat(:(r H( willsD com(s into b(ingD and wat(:(r H( do(s
notD would not.
T( sla:(s o* Alla a:( willD abiliti(sD and coic(sD all o*
wic ar( cr(at(d by Alla. E:(ryting occurs according to t(
For(nowl(dg( o* AllaU it is r(cord(dD and *ollows a cours( tat
is lin(d to s/(cic caus(s tat ar( /art o* Al-Qadar. Alla ga:(
t( b(li(:(rs m(ansD waysD and :arious inds o* assistanc( and
(/t t(m away *rom im/(dim(nts tat may a:( w(a(n t(
str(ngt o* t(ir b(li(*D as t( Gro/(t 5salallau alaii wa
salalam6 said,
B9arry n doing 5good6 d((dsD *or (:(rybody will nd (asy to
do suc d((ds as will l(ad im to is d(stin(d /lac( *or wic
( as b((n cr(at(d. SoD ( wo is d(stin(d to b( among t(
a//y 5in t( H(r(a*t(r6D will nd it (asy to do t( d((ds
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caract(ristic o* suc /(o/l(...C Gart o* an aut(ntic Had((t
coll(ct(d by Al-@uari in is Sa((D .0D Had((t \?483
Alla SWT *orsa( t( wic(d and t( (:il on(s and l(*t t(m
to t(ms(l:(s and did not (l/ t(m b(caus( t(y turn(d away
*rom Him.
T( @(li(:(r+s stand towards Al-Qadar as two l(:(ls,
First: @(*or( t( Ta7d((r ta(s /lac( ( sould s(( t(
(l/ *rom AllaD d(/(nd u/on HimD and su//licat( to Him.
Se'ond: A*t(r t( Ta7d((r ta(s /lac( i* t( Ta7d((r is
diP(r(nt *rom wat ( ad wor(d *or 5law*ul and good6D (
sould b( /ati(nt and acc(/t t( Ta7d((r. "* t( Ta7d((r is a
*a:or tat con*orms wit wat ( ad s(t u/ and wor(d *orD
t(n ( sould b( grat(*ul to Alla and sould /rais( Him *or it.
"* ( commits a sin*ul d((dD ( sould as Alla+s *orgi:(n(ss
and r(/(nt.
T( @(li(:(r+s stand towards t( 9ommands o* AllaD as
two l(:(ls,
Before 4e'tion: a d(t(rmination to *ulll t( command
and to s(( Alla+s (l/ *or its ((cution.
After 4e'tion: s((ing Alla+s *orgi:(n(ss du( to any
sortcomings in t( ((cutionD and /raising Alla *or all o* His
*a:ors,
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So be 2atient 5$ )uammad sallalau alaii wa
salallam6. *eril+, Allah&s romise is Tre, and seek
forgieness for +or falt/ Soora ar 5?6, 3
6Bt if +o 2erseere 2atientl+, and hae Tawa 5b(
/ious6D then eril+ this is from the great matters whi'h
+o mst hold on with all +or eHorts./ Soora al-"mran
56, 1=03
T( Gro/(t 5salallau alaii wa salalam6 said B9(ris tat
wic b(n(ts you 5in t( H(r(a*t(r6 and s(( Alla+s (l/D and
do not d(s/air 5or los( (art6U and i* anyting b(*alls you
5calamityD mis*ortun(D or troubl(6 do not sayD I"* " ad don( suc
and sucD t(n suc and suc would a:( occurr(dD but rat(r
say, Alla did tat wat H( ad /r(ordain(d to doD b(caus( t(
word Bi*C is an o/(ning *or Satan+s actions ;8=.C
Sai ul "slam "bn Taym((ya in Al-FatawaD . =.D G.0
F ! ! T # ! T S
;7= @as(d u/on Sarul A7((da Al-Wasitiyya by )uammad
2alil Al Har+raasD G.88=-88D Gublis(d by #aar ul HiOra 51?1?
HO16.
;8= Som( may sayD B"* " ad not don( tat 5ting6D t(n suc
and suc would not a:( a//(n(d>C. So many tim(s w( (ar
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/(o/l( say t( Ii*s+ and Ibuts+D r([(cting t( lac o* tru( b(li(*
in Al-Qadar. T( )uslim+s b(li(* in Al-Qadar is a sourc( o*
str(ngt and acti:ity rat(r tan a /r(t(t *or /assi:(n(ssD
/(ssimismD indol(nc(D and inacti:ity. H( actsD d(/(nding u/on
Alla and s((s His (l/. H( do(s not cry o:(r wat migt not
/l(as( im. H( loos *orward ((/ing is aim ig wit dignityD
o/ing and trusting in AllaD t( Ealt(d. &(/ort(d in Sa((
)uslimD . ?D G. 1?1D Had((t \ ??1.
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In T'! Na)! of A&-Qa"a%
1 Som( /(o/l( sayD Iwy sould w( wor and ((rt (Ports
w(n w( now tat Alla nows (:(ryting w( will doD nows
our d(stiny to (it(r Garadis( or H(llD and tat H( is t( 9r(ator
o* our d((ds; L(t t( Qadar 5/r(-d(stin(d matt(rs6 b(*all u/on
us and w( sall r(c(i:( wat(:(r com(s w(t(r w( wis it or
not>
1 $t(rs sayD B"* (:(ry sin or wrongdoing is a /r(ordain(d
matt(rD so wat is t( *ault o* t( on( wo commits t(m;
@ot grou/s blam( Al-Qadar wic is in r(ality an
accusation against AllaD His %am(s and Attribut(s. "t im/li(s
tat Alla lo:(s 2u*rD SirD murd(rD adult(ryD *ornicationD t(*tD
ill-tr(atm(nt o* /ar(nts and all ot(r sins and wrong-doings ;7=
Alla is Hig abo:( suc im/lication. T( *act tat Alla wills
and cr(at(s wat H( willsD do(s not n(c(ssitat( tat His will is
also som(ting H( li(s. His )as((+aD as discuss(d (arli(r in
t( (/lanation o* Al-lrada Al-2awniyya and Al-lrada As-
Sar+iyyaD is not t( sam( as His Attribut( o* Lo:(.
T( sayings o* bot grou/s do not diP(r(ntiat( b(tw((n
b(li(* and disb(li(*D good and badD Oustic( and inOustic( (tc. "t
l(adsD as S(y ul-"slam "bn Taym((ya said, B..to disb(li(* in
t( )(ss(ng(rsD t( @oos o* &(:(lation. To im 5wo utt(rs
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t( sayings o* t( abo:( grou/s6D Adam and )os(sD %oa and
is /(o/l(D )os(s and t( GaraoD t( (arly )uslims and t(
2uParD ar( t( sam(>C Al-FatawaD . =D G.13
"n *act it attribut(s inOustic( to Alla> H( is )ost lori(d and
Hig abo:( wat t(y utt(r or do. T(y only blam( Al-Qadar *or
t(ir own d((ds and *r(( t(ms(l:(s o* any wrong-
doing. Im2li'it in their 'laims is the obe'tie of eliminating Al-lradah Ash-Sharti++ah and ths the
"ommands of Allah: the Lawfl and the n-Lawfl, the
romise 5Garadis(6 and the Threat 5H(ll6, and those who
do this are in a state of
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a:( int(rcours( wit (r. H( ordain(d illn(ss and ordain(d its
m(dicin(D and tat w(n t( ill-man ta(s t( ordain(d
m(dicin( ( will b( cur(d. T( cild do(s not com( witout a
caus(D t( /roduc( do(s not [ouris witout wat(r and soilD
a:ing a *ull stomac do(s not occur witout *oodD and
7u(ncing tirst do(s not occur witout wat(r or a law*ul drin.
Alla ordain(d *or on( /(rson tatD ( su//licat(s to Himand s((s r(*ug( in HimD and tat Alla answ(rs is call. And
ordain(d tat anot(r will not in:o( Him and s(( His (l/.
TusD H( l(a:(s t( lat(r to ims(l*D and ( stays mis(rabl(,
And Jour &abb saidD
5S22li'ate to $e, I will res2ond to +or
(Ino'ation)& Soora ar 5?6, 03
T( b(st answ(r *or bot grou/s li(s in t( saying o* t(
Gro/(t 5salallau alaii wa salalam6 w(n ( was as(d by is
com/anions about t( b(n(t o* /(r*orming good d((ds w(n
t(y ar( /r(ordain(d by Alla. His answ(r was B9arry on doing
5good6 d((dsD *or (:(rybody will nd (asy to do suc d((ds aswill l(ad im to is d(stin(d /lac( *or wic ( as b((n
cr(at(dD and ( r(cit(d, YAs *or im wo gi:(s 5in carity6 and
((/s is duty to Alla and *(ars HimD And b(li(:(s in Al-HusnaD
w( will ma( smoot *or im t( /at o* (as( 5goodn(ss6U @ut
( wo is gr((dy mis(r and tins ims(l* s(l*-suMci(ntD and
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gi:(s t( li( to Al-HusnaD w( will ma( smoot *or im t( /at
*or (:ilZ Sa(( Al-@uanD . 0D Had((t \ ?48 3
$n( o* t( com/anions o* t( Gro/(t 5salallau alaii wa
salalam6 wo und(rstood t( m(aning o* t( Had((t said, B"
a:( n(:(r b((n so moti:at(d as " am now.C
&(cogniing t( m(ans do(s not m(an tat w( d(/(nd
u/on t(mD but w( sould d(/(nd u/on t(ir 9r(ator - BAllaC.
S(i ul-"slam "bn Taym((ya said, B&(lying on t( m(ansD
alon(D is SirD and not r(cogniing t(ir rol( as m(ansD is a
lac o* good r(ason. 9om/l(t(ly turning away *rom t(m is an
insult to Sar(('a. Tru( d(/(nd(nc( and o/( 5in Alla6
com/ris(s, Taw((dD Sar((+aD and r(asoning. "nd((dD s((ing
t( m(ans alon(D r([(cts t( (art+s d(/(nd(nc( and r(lianc(
u/on t(m. "n *act no cr(atur( 5T( m(ans ar( /art o* Alla+s
cr(ation6 d(s(r:(s tis statusD b(caus( t(y 5i.(. t( m(ans6
ar( not ind(/(nd(ntU t(y n((d associat(s 5as co-/artn(rs6 as
w(ll as contrasts. @(sid(sD m(ans tat Alla do(s not ma(
subs(r:i(ntD would not b( so. Tis sows tat Alla is t( &abb
and $wn(r o* (:(rytingA"-F(tawa . =D G. 143
E:(ry m(ans as its co/artn(r and contrast. So i* t( /artn(r
do(s not (l/D and t( contrast is not a:(rt(dD t( m(ans will
not b( mani*(st(d, &ainD *or (am/l(D will not b( (P(cti:( in
t( growt o* /lantation (c(/t by wat Ooins in o* t( airD soilD
(tc. T( /lants will not grow w(ll unl(ss all rotting and s/oiling
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matt(rs ar( r(mo:(d. Food and drin will not /ro:id( nutrition
unl(ss t( body organs ar( /ro/(r and (alty. "n sortD to a:(
us(*ul r(sultsD all s/oilingD corru/ti:(D and im/ro/(r m(ans ar(
to b( a:(rt(d.C Al-Fatawa . =D G. 1043
Tos( wo ta( Al-Qadar as a /r(t(t *or doing sin*ul and
unlaw*ul actsD sould not blam( anyon( wo may in[ict arm
u/on t(m using t( sam( (cus(. T(y sould not at(anyon(D or accus( anyon( o* inOustic( r(gardl(ss o* t( orribl(
crim(s tat may b( committ(d. @y all m(ansD t(ir argum(nts
ar( bas(l(ss and may l(ad t( world into d(struction.
F ! ! T # ! T S
J7K T( Su mystic s(cts *(ll d((/ly into t( *als( b(li(* tatAlla n(c(ssarily lo:(s wat(:(r H( brings to (ist(nc(. "n *actD
to many mysticsD (:(ryting is Alla and Alla is t( B(ss(nc(C
o* (:(ry (isting ting. Tis b(li(* is nown as Wadatul WuOud
or T( !nity o* @(ing. Ealt(d and lori(d Alla is abo:( wat
t(y utt(r.
J8K Al-FatawaD .=D G.8==. H( also said on /ag( 808, B"*
t(s( /(o/l( insist on t(ir b(li(*sD t(n t(ir 2uPr is gr(at(r
tan tat o* t(
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.&a)ing A&-Qa"a% : Is T'!%!E/i"!nc!0
Tos( wo blam( (:(ryting on Al-Qadar try to Ousti*y t(ir
/osition by r(*(rring to an aut(ntic Had((t in wic t(
Gro/(t 5salallau alaii wa salalam6 d(scrib(d an argum(nt
b(tw((n Adam and )os(sD /(ac( b( u/on bot o* t(mD tat
too /lac( in *ront o* AllaD and in wic t( Gro/(t 5salallau
alaii wa salalam6 said,
Adam and )os(s argu(d wit (ac ot(r. )os(s said to
Adam, BJou ar( our *at(rD you disa//oint(d us and caus(d us
to g(t out o* Garadis(. Adam said to im, $ )os(s> Alla as
cos(n you 5*or dir(ct tal wit you6 and wrot( 5t( Tora6 wit
His own Hand. #o you blam( m( *or action wic Alla ad
ordain(d *or m( *orty y(ars b(*or( H( cr(at(d m(. So Adam
con*ut(d )os(sD Adam con*ut(d )os(sD t( Gro/(t 5salallau
alaii wa salalam6 add(dD r(/(ating t( stat(m(nt tr(( tim(s.3
9oll(ct(d by Al-@uari in is Sa(( wit mor( tan on(
narration. "t is also r(/ort(d by )uslim in is Sa(( wit mor(
tan on( narration. "mam )aliD Abu #awoodD and At-Tirmiti
also r(/ort(d t( sam( Had((t
"n t( abo:( Had((tD t(r( is no r(al (:id(nc( *or tos(
wo blam( Al-Qadar *or t(ir sins. "n *actD Adam did not ta(
t( Al-Qadar as an (cus( *or t( sin ( committ(d w(n (
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disob(y(d Alla by (ating *rom t( *orbidd(n tr(( in Garadis(.
Alla /unis(d Adam by s(nding im and is wi*( down to t(
(art. Adam r(/(nt(d *or is sin and as(d Alla to *orgi:(
Him. AllaD t( $*t-Forgi:ingD *orga:( Adam. "n no way did
)os(s blam( is *at(r *or t( sin *or wic (D AdamD alr(ady
r(/(nt(d and is r(/(ntanc( was acc(/t(d by Alla.
)os(s n(w w(ll tat Adam r(/(nt(d. T( blam( )os(sr(*(rr(d to was about t( calamity wic l(d Adam and is
oPs/ring out o* Garadis(. Adam was r(*(rring to t( calamityD
a*t(r it touc(d imD as som(ting /r(ordain(d. SoD wat(:(r
calamiti(s ad b((n ordain(dD t( sla:(+s /osition must b( tat
o* submission and (nduranc(. How(:(rD it is not /(rmitt(d to
commit sinsD and i* t(y ar( committ(dD t( sla:( must r(/(ntand s(( Alla's *orgi:(n(ss and not ta( Al-Qadar as an
(cus( *or committing sin*ul d((ds @as(d u/on At-Taawiyya
G. 1?4D and Al-FatawaD . =D 1=3
"bn Qayyim said, B"t is Ousti(d to r(*(r matt(rs to Al-Qadar
a*t(r a sin ad b((n committ(d and t( /(rson r(/(nts *rom itD
and do(s not int(nd to r(/(at it 5i.(. in tis cas( t( /(rson
may say, Alla ad ordain(d it6D Oust as Adam ad don(. "n *act
t(r( is a b(n(t *or t( /(rson wo utt(rs suc a r(s/ons( as
w(ll as *or t( /(rson wo (ars itD b(caus( t( r(s/ons( is a
r(cognition o* t( Taw((d o* Alla and o* His %am(s and
Attribut(s...Suc r(cognition is cl(ar in Adam+s r(s/ons(,
B....you blam( m( *or doing som(ting /r(ordain(d u/on m(
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b(*or( " was cr(at(dC. Adam did not dis/(l any trut in is
r(s/ons( nor did ( ma( o* it an (:id(nc( to Ousti*y any
*als(ood
&(m(mb(r tat ( con*(ss(d *or is wrongdoing was
/unis(d *or itD r(/(nt(d and ( was *orgi:(n3
SoD i* a /(rson commits a sinD and r(/(nts and cl(ars ims(l*
*rom itD and i* som(on( lat(r blam(s imD it is 7uit( good i* (
ma(s a r(*(r(nc( to Al-Qadar saying, Itis is a matt(r wic
Alla ad /r(ordain(d u/on m( b(*or( " was born+ ...@ut w(n
( commits som(ting unlaw*ul or abandons an obligatory act
5o* "slam6D and altoug ( is r(mind(d about itD ( insists on
doing it blaming it on t( Al- QadarD t(nD in tis cas(D (
dis/(ll(d t( trut and ado/t(d *als(ood. "n t( sam( wayD
t( )usri+s 5disb(li(:(rs6 insist(d on t(ir Sir 5disb(li(*6
and worsi/ o* ot(r tan AllaD blaming Al-Qadar *or tat.
T(y did not r(gr(t t(ir worsi/ o* ot(r tan AllaD and did
not int(nd to abandon Sir.C "bn Qayyim in Si*aa+ul IAl((lD G.
43
Alla dis/ro:(d tos( wo blam( Al-Qadar in many /lac(s in
t( Quran. H( says, Those who took 2artners 5in
worsi/6 with Allah will sa+ 5if Allah had willed, we wold
not hae taken 2artners 5in worsi/6 with 3im, and we
wold not hae forbidden an+thing 5against His
Will6. Likewise belied those who were before them, 5t(y
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argu(d *als(ly wit Alla+s )(ss(ng(rs6D till the+ tasted of
!r rath. Sa+: 53ae +o an+ knowledge (2roof) that
+o 'an 2rod'e before s1 *eril+, +o follow nothing
bt gesses and +o do nothing bt lie./ Soora al-
An'aam 506, 1?=3
KAnd tos( wo Ooin ot(rs in worsi/ wit Alla say, NIf
Allah so willed, neither we nor or fathers wold haeworshi22ed oght bt 3im, nor wold we hae
forbidden an+thing withot 59ommand *rom6 3im.N So did
those before them. Then Are the $essengers 'harged
with an+thing bt to 'one+ the $essage16 Soora an-
%al 5106, 3
KAnd t(y said tat, NIf it had been the ill of the $ost
"om2assionate, we shold not hae worshi22ed
them 5*als( gods6. *eril+ the+ hae no knowledge
whatsoeer of that. The+ do nothing bt lie.6 Soora a-
Xuru 5?6, 83
T( satanD "bl((sD utt(r(d a similar (cus( b(*or( t()usri((n w(r( cr(at(d. %o wond(r ( is consid(r(d as t(
l(ad(r o* all r(b(llion. H( said, K5"bl((s6 said, '$ my &abbD
@(caus( Jou misl(d m(D " sall ind((d adorn t( /at o* (rror
*or t(m 5manind6 on t( (artD and " sall misl(ad t(m
all.K ;7=
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"t is tru( tat wat(:(r Alla willsD ta(s /lac(D and wat(:(r
( do(s not would not. Alla SWT says in t( Final
&(:(lation , If +or @abb had so willed, the+ wold not
hae done it6 Soora al-An'aam 506, 1183
If +or @abb had so willed, the+ wold not hae
worshi22ed other than 3im./ Soora al-An'aam 506, 143
1 T(nD wy did Alla b(li( t(m and consid(r t(m
ignorant; @(caus(,
7. T(y did not m(an to conrm t( )as((+a 5Will6 o*
AllaD His AbilityD and $n(n(ss. %(it(r did t(y want to s((
r(*ug( in AllaD d(/(nd u/on Him alon(D and as *or His (l/ in
ord(r *or t(m to com/ly wit His 9ommand o* abandoning
Sir. Had t(y don( so t(y would a:( b((n rigt. ;8=
"n *act t(y only want(d to dis/(l t( 9ommand o* Alla by
7uoting Al-Qadar as an (cus(D claiming tat Alla lo:(s wat
t(y doD sinc( H( will(d it to ta( /lac(>
8-Had tis b((n tru(D Alla would not a:( in[ict(d
/unism(nt u/on t(m, Bntil the+ tasted of !r
rath/ Soora al-An'aam 506, 1?=3
T( HuOOa 5(stablising (:id(nc(6D t(r(*or(D b(longs to
Alla. "t is His )(ss(ng(rs and His &(:(lation tat (/lains to
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manind wat b(n(ts t(m and wat arms t(mD maing
t(m abl( to now and com/r((nd His 9ommands. H( also
ga:( t(m (aringD sigtD and minds (stablising /(r*(ct
(:id(nc( against t(mD (liminating t(ir *als( B(:id(nc(C
against Alla+s Will and #(cr((. Eamin( tis in t( saying o*
AllaD rigt a*t(r t( abo:( (cus(s o* t( )usri((n,
Sa+: ith Allah is the 2erfe't 2roof andargment 5i.(. His $n(n(ssD s(nding )(ss(ng(rs and @oos
(tc. to manind6, had 3e so willed, 3e wold indeed hae
gided +o all./ Soora al-An'aam 506, 1?=-1?3
... indicating tat Alla is t( sol( &abbD t( 2ingD *ully runs
t( aPairs o* His 9r(ationD no Tru( od (c(/t HimU soD ow
com( t(y turn to worsi/ ot(rs b(sid(s Him "bn Qayyim in
Si*aa+ul IAl((lD .1D GG. ?-3
SoD i* t( conc(/t o* taing Al-Qadar as a /r(t(t *or
committing Sir or sins is rigtD t(r( would a:( b((n no
/ur/os( in s(nding t( )(ss(ng(rs and t( @oos. Tis is
accusing Alla o* doing aiml(ss actions> And Alla is Higabo:( wat t(y attribut( to Him.
Som(on( may argu( against wat is stat(d abo:(D saying,
B#idn+t Alla Say, BFollow wat as b((n ins/ir(d to you 5$
)uammad 5salallau alaii wa salalam66 *rom your &abbD
T(r( is no illa 5Tru( od Wo d(s(r:(s to b( worsi//(d6
(c(/t H(D and turn away *rom t( )usri((n. Had Alla
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will(dD t(y would not a:( ta(n ot(rs b(sid(s Him in
worsi/. And W( a:( not mad( you a watc(r o:(r t(mD nor
ar( you s(t o:(r t(m to dis/os( o* t(ir aPair.C Soora al-
An'aam 506, 10-143
SoD ow com( you stat( abo:( tat Alla ; disclaim(d t(
)usri((n w(n t(y blam(d t( Al-Qadar *or t(ir Sir wil(
in t( abo:( :(rs(D Alla conrms tat BHad H( will(dD t(ywould not a:( ta(n ot(rs b(sid(s Him in worsi/C; it s((ms
t(n tat t(y w(r( BrigtC in t(rms o* t(ir (:id(nc(>
T( answ(r is tat in t( abo:( :(rs( 5Soora al-An'aam 506,
146D Alla is com*orting t( Gro/(t 5salallau alaii wa
salalam6 by maing it cl(ar tat t(ir Sir is taing /lac( by
Alla+s will and by His G(rmission. SoD t( Gro/(t is call(d to
acc(/t tis *act and tus ta( it (asy on ims(l*. How(:(rD in
t( :(rs( 5Soora al-An'aam 506, 1?=6D Alla disclaim(d t(
(cus( by Al-Qadar wic t( )usri((n brougt u/ trying to
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*org(t*uln(ssD ignoranc(D or und(r com/ulsionD t(n t(r( is no
sin on im b(caus( ( is (cus(d.
- Al-Qadar is a s(cr(t unnown to any cr(atur( until it is
mani*(st(d. T( /(rson+s will /r(c(d(s is action and it is not
bas(d u/on a nowl(dg( o* Al-Qadar. 9laiming tat Alla
ordain(d u/on im suc and sucD is *als( b(caus( it is a claim
o* nowing t( uns((n wic is only nown to Alla.
O- l* it is t( rigt ting to blam(D Al-Qadar would a:( b((n
t( (sca/( rout( *or t( /(o/l( o* H(ll> How(:(rD w(n t(y
b(gin to s(( H(ll and its magnitud(D t(y do not r(sort to Al-
Qadar as an (cus( to *r(( t(ms(l:(s *rom t(ir
r(s/onsibiliti(sD but rat(r t(y call u/on Alla to, !r @abb
@es2ite s for a little while, we will answer or 'all and
follow the $essengers/ Soora "braim 51?6, ??3
3ad we bt listened or sed or intelligen'e, we
wold not hae been among the dwellers of the blaPing
3ell/ Soora al-)ul 5046, 13
Som( /(o/l( say tat Ali bin Abi Talib us(d Al-Qadar as an
(cus( *or not /(r*onning t( o/tional nigt /ray(rs. T(y r(*(r
to t( *ollowing aut(ntic Had((t
&(/ort(d by Al-@uariD Sa(( Al-@uariD . =D Had((t
\4D and also by )uslim and An-%asaa+((
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B$n( nigt Alla+s )(ss(ng(r :isit(d im 5i.(. Ali6 and
Fatima 5t( daugt(r o* Alla+s )(ss(ng(r and Ali+s wi*(6 and
said to t(m, Won+t you oP(r 5nigt6 /ray(rs; Ali add(dD " said,
B$ Alla+s )(ss(ng(r> $ur souls ar( in t( Hands o* Alla and
w(n H( wis(s to bring us to li*(D H( do(s. Alla+s )(ss(ng(r
w(nt away w(n " said soD and ( did not gi:( any r(/ly. T(n "
(ard im on l(a:ing striing is tigs sayings, B@ut man is
(:(r mor( cont(ntious tan anyting.C ;9= Soora al-2a* 51=6,
?3
"n *actD Ali did not abandon an obligatory act o* worsi/ nor
did ( ma( an unlaw*ul d((d and t(n blam(d Al-Qadar *or it.
H( did not do any o* tat. H( only said tat is soul and tat o*
Fatima ar( in t( Hands o* AllaD i* H( will(dD H( would a:(r(turn(d t(ir souls to t(ms(l:(s... W(n som( o* t(
Gro/(t+s com/anions sl(/t so lat( tat t(y did not oP(r t(
5morning6 /ray(rD t( Gro/(t 5salallau alaii wa salalam6 said,
BAlla s(i(d your souls 5mad( you sl((/6 w(n H( wis(dD and
r(turn(d t(m 5to your bodi(s6 w(n H( wis(d...C
9oll(ct(d by Al-@uari in Sa(( Al-@uanD .D Had((t \
0. GG, ?88-?8. Also r(/ort(d by "mam )uslimD Abu #awoodD
At-TirmitiD and An-%asaa+((.
..soD t( on( in sl((/ is not n(glig(nt and in suc cas(sD
r(*(rring to Al-Qadar is corr(ct... "bn Qayyim in Si*aa+ul IAl((lD
.1D G. =3
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)an is always ((n to obtain wat suits im *rom worldly
matt(rs. H( /r(*(rs to wor in a good com/any 5]6 o:(r a bad
com/any 5J6. H( do(s not cang( to wor *or 5J6 blaming Al-
Qadar *or t( cang(. Sim/ly it is mor( b(n(cial *or im to
wor *or 5]6. Wy t(n it b(com(s BOustiabl(C to abandon t(
igly b(n(cial matt(rs o* #((n and ado/t t( arm*ul
matt(rs 5SirD sinD (tc.6 and t(n blam( it on Al-Qadar;
"* man is tra:(ling towards a s/(ci(d /lac( and t(r( ar(
two roads tat l(ad to itD on( sa*( and t( ot(r unsa*(D wic
o* t( two roads will ( ta(; T(r( is no doubt tat ( will ta(
t( sa*( road. $n is Oourn(y to t( Last #ayD wy do(s man
not ta( t( way to Garadis( inst(ad o* t( way to H(ll;
"* on( acc(/ts t( conc(/t o* blaming Al-Qadar *or our
mista(s and sinsD t(n t(r( is no n((d *or s((ing
*orgi:(n(ssD r(/(ntanc(D #ua+aD stri:ing and gting *or t(
caus( o* AllaD (nOoining wat is rigt and *orbidding wat is
(:il (tc. tus /ro:ing t( *als(ood o* tis conc(/t.
)an do(s not now in ad:anc( wat Alla ad ordain(d *orim. So w(n ( is about to commit sinD ( as no nowl(dg(
o* Al-QadarD and tus ( cannot b( (cus(d *rom is
r(s/onsibility.
F ! ! T # ! T S
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;7= )usn((n, /olyt(istsD /agansD idolat(rsD and
disb(li(:(rs in t( on(n(ss o* AllaD and His )(ss(ng(r
)uammad
;8= Say( )uammad @in !t(im((n said, Had t(y said
w(n t(y committ(d Sir, BTis is som(ting tat too /lac(
by t( Will o* AllaD but w( s(( His *orgi:(n(ss and w( r(/(nt
to HimCD w( would say to t(m, Jou s/o( t( trutC. @ut w(nt(y ar( call(d to abandon Sir and r(s/ond by saying, I"*
Alla ad will(dD w( would not a:( ta(n /artn(rs 5in worsi/6
wit HimD and w( would not a:( *orbidd(n anyting 5against
His Will6...CD t(n it would not b( acc(/t(d *rom t(m3
B )aOmou+ Al-FatawaD .D G.8=-813
;9= Soora al-2a* 51=6, ?. "mam An-%awawi comm(nt(d,
BWil( t( Gro/(t 5salallau alaii wa salalam6 did not blam(
Ali *or is r(/lyD ( was sur/ris(d by Ali+s 7uic r(s/ons(.C -
9omm(ntary on Sa(( )uslim by "mam An-%awawiD @oo 0
5T( Tra:(l(rs Gray(rs6D Had((t \ 1=1D G. 0D
Gublis(d by #aar Al-)a+ri*a 5@(irut6D First EditionD
1?1?HO1?. T( Gro/(t+s :isit was to urg( Ali and is wi*(D
may Alla b( /l(as(d wit bot o* t(mD to ((/ good int(r(st
in t( nigt /ray(rs b(caus( o* its gr(at b(n(t. T( Gro/(t
5salallau alaii wa salalam6 n(w tat Alla s(i(s t( souls
during sl((/D and ( consid(r(d t( 7uic r(s/ons( o* Ali as
argum(ntal
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S#))a%1:
The $slim 'annot blame Al-%adar for his sins. 3e
ma+ refer to Al-%adar after 'ommitting the sin and after
regretting and re2enting, sa+ing: Allah had ordained
and 3e does whateer 3e ordains/. This statement is
2ermissible to refer to after 'alamities or misfortnes.
There is more beneCt abot this sbe't, insh-Allah,
later in the te4t
Alla b(stows u/on us *rom His Fa:ors. H( do(s not (/(ct
anyting in r(turn nor a b(n(t *rom us ...H( is not a*raid o*
/o:(rtyD and His tr(asur(s n(:(r diminis. H( do(s not witold
is Fa:ors *rom us b(caus( H( may n((d som(ting *rom
us...H( lo:(s g(n(rosityD gi:ingD grantingD (tc. mor( tan w(
lo:( r(7u(sting and taing *rom Him. "* H( witolds *rom
b(stowing His Fa:ors u/on usD t(n now tat w( ar( standing
in t( way o* our own int(r(stsD and tat w( ar( a barri(r to
ours(l:(s. Tis is r(ally t( cas( o* most o* manind. (rilyD
Alla ad ordain(d tat ob(di(nc( can bring about His
Fa:ors. ;7=
Alla+s Fa:ors can only b( attract(d by ob(di(nc( and tat
t(ir continuity could b( brougt about only by gi:ing tans to
Him. #isob(ying Alla olds and d(lays His Fa:ors. Similarly i*
H( b(stows His Fa:ors and t(n ta(s t(m away *rom youD it is
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not du( to som( ind o* Bgr((dC on His /art. Jou yours(l:(s ar(
t( caus( *or a:ing it witdrawn. "nd((dD Alla says, That is
be'ase Allah neer 'hanges the gra'e whi'h 3e has
bestowed on a 2eo2le ntil the+ 'hange what is in their
own seles./ Soora al-An*al 5=6, 3
"t is 7uit( strang( tat w( d(al wit ours(l:(s in tis wayD
accusing and blaming Al-Qadar. W( miss our own o//ortunityand our r(asoning *ails to r(cogni( t( tru( m(ans o* our
a//in(ssD and t(n all t( blam( is on Al-Qadar... our Fitra
b(cam( corru/t and our (art d(g(n(rat(d b(caus( our d(sir(s
(tinguis(d its lam/s o* nowl(dg( and *ait and w( turn(d
towards Alla+s cr(atur(s com/laining *rom our condition
5blaming Alla *or it>6. W(n a nowl(dg(abl( man sawsom(on( com/laining to anot(r /(rsonD ( told im, B$ you>
you com/lain about t( $n( Wo is )(rci*ul to you to t( on(
wo is not>C ;8=
The BeneCts of Belief in al-%adar:
Al-Qadar /(r*(cts t( b(li(* in Alla *or it is a matt(r
ordain(d by Him.
W(n t( /(rson b(li(:(s tat wat(:(r b(*alls im ad
b((n /r(-ordain(d by Alla tinD tis brings tran7uility and
/(ac( o* mind and ma(s im *(arl(ss to stri:( in t( /at o* Alla 5
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#o 'alamit+ befalls on the earth or in +orseles bt
is ins'ribed in the Book of De'rees 5al-Lauul )a*oud6,
before e bring it into e4isten'e, eril+ that is eas+ for
Allah. In order that +o ma+ not be sad oer matters
that +o fail to get, nor reoi'e be'ase of that whi'h
has been gien to +o. And Allah likes not ainglorios
boasters./ Soora al-Hadid 546, 883
@(li(:(rs in al-Qadar r(c(i:( Alla's )(rcyD sinc( at all
tim(s o* calamiti(s t(y r(sort to Him alon(, B5T(y ar( tos(6
woD w(n a^ict(d wit calamityD say,
5Trl+ to Allah we belong and trl+, to 3im shall we
retrn&. The+ are those on whom are the
Salawat 5bl(ssings6 from their @abb, and 5t(y ar(
tos(6 who re'eie 3is $er'+, and it is the+ who are the
gided ones./ Soora al-@a7ara 586, 103
T( @(li(:(r in Qadar is always cautious b(caus( t( (arts
ar( in constant cang( and t(y ar( b(tw((n two o* Alla's
ng(rsD as t( Gro/(t 5salallau alaii wa salalam6 told us, BAllt( (arts o* t( oPs/ring o* Aadam ar( b(tw((n two ng(rs o*
Ar-&(man+s Fing(rsD as on( (art. H( turns it 5in any dir(ction6
as H( wills.
T(n Alla's )(ss(ng(r saidD B$ Alla> T( Turn(r o* t(
(artsD turn our (art towards Jour ob(di(nc(.CSa(( )uslim
:ol.?D /.14D no.0?1=3
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Tis Had((t is a dri:ing *orc( against r(laation wic may
caus( /assi:( s(curity against t( Glan o* AllaD as H( says,
Did the+ feel se're against the lan of Allah. #one
feels se're from the lan of Allah e4'e2t the 2eo2le
who are lost./ Soora al-Aara* 546 ,3
T( b(li(* in al-Qadar ma(s t( /(rson g(n(rous b(caus(
( r(ali(s tat /o:(rty and ricn(ss ar( in t( Hands o* Alla.
T( b(li(:(r in al-Qadar do(s not do rigt(ous d((d Oust to
sow ot(rs. H( nows tat /(o/l( do not b(n(t im (c(/t in
matt(rs tat Alla ad alr(ady /r(-ordain(d.
T( b(li(:(r in al-Qadar (liminat(s many social dis(as(sD li(
(n:y - wic caus(s (nmity and atr(d amongst /(o/l(. T(b(li(:(r nows w(ll tat Alla is t( $n( wo gi:(s and ta(s
and tus i* a /(rson (n:i(s som(on( t(n ind((d ( obO(cts to
al-Qadar.
T( b(li(* in al-Qadar sa:(s t( /(rson *rom r(sorting to
magicD sootsay(rsD *ortun(-t(ll(rsD (tc. r(aliing tat Alla
alon( is t( tru( (l/(r and tat all ot(rs *orms o* r(*ug(
cannot b(n(t anyon(.
Al-Qadar t(ac(s umbl(n(ss, w(n t( b(li(:(r succ((ds in
is wor or b(com(s w(altyD (tc. ( umbl(s ims(l* to AllaD
wo alon( is ca/abl( o* b(stowing *a:orsD and tat i* H( willsD
H( can ta( away wat ( ga:(.
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@(caus( al-Qadar is idd(nD it gi:(s t( b(li(:(rs t( /(r*(ct
moti:ation to b( on t( Straigt Gat o* Alla. Tus al-Qadar
str(ngt(ns t( b(li(:(r to *ac( t( diMculti(s wit a strong
(artD and li*t is morals igD (nabling im to stand u/ *or t(
trut and (ag(rly s((ing Saada 5martyrdom6 *or t( sa(
o* Alla
.
T( b(li(* in al-Qadar r(:(als t( Hima 5Wisdom6 o* Alla in
matt(rs o* good and (:il. )any tim(s a /(rson nds it diMcult
to aci(:( som(ting tat ( li(sD not nowing tat it is not
good *or im. "n t( b(ginning ( may *((l dis(art(n(d and
sadD ow(:(r it is only a matt(r o* tim( b(*or( ( r(ali(s tat
it was good *or imD as Alla says,
Eihaad 5gting in Alla's caus(6 is ordained for
+o 5)uslims6, thogh +o dislike it, and it ma+ be that
+o dislike a thing whi'h is good for +o and that +o
like a thing that is bad for +o. Allah knows bt +o do
not know./ Soora al-@a7ara 586, 8103
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A FINAL NOTE:
Shold Al-%adar be dis'ssed in the Crst 2la'e1
)any )uslims rais( t( issu( tat B"t is b(tt(r not to tal
about al-QadarD t( Gro/(t /roibit(d us *rom doing so>C
(n(rally tis attitud( is wrong *or t( *ollowing r(asons,
7. T( matt(r o* b(li(* in al-Qadar is an articl( o* Fait and
w( must now our *ait w(ll in ord(r to worsi/ Alla in t(
rigt way. "n *act al-Qadar was m(ntion(d in t( Had((t o*
ibra+(l in wic t( Gro/(t m(ntion(d al-Qadar as an articl(
o* *ait. At t( (nd o* tis Had((t t( Gro/(t saidD B(rily>ibra+(l cam( to t(ac you your #((nC Sa(( )uslimD t(
boo o* *ait.
8. T( %obl( Quran is *ull o* :(rs(s about al-Qadar and its
d(tailsD and Alla saysD Do the+ not think dee2l+ in the
%rNan, or are their hearts lo'ked 2 5*rom und(rstanding
it61/ Soora )uamm(d 5?46, 8?3
9. T( Saaba 5)ay Alla b( /l(as(d wit t(m all6 us(d to
as t( Gro/(t about minut( d(tails about QadarD as in t(
Had((t o* Sura7a bin )aali - wo as(d t( Gro/(t, B$
)(ss(ng(r o* Alla> E/lain our #((n to us as i* w( a:( b((n
cr(at(d Oust now. Wat(:(r w( do todayD is it b(caus( o* t(
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*act tat t( /(ns a:( turn(d dry 5a:ing writt(n t( r(cords6
and t( d(stini(s a:( b(gun to o/(rat(; $r is it som(ting
tat Oust a//(ns 5witout /r(-d(stination6;C
. T( Scolars among t( Sala* as-Saali wrot( (t(nsi:(ly
on t( subO(ctD ad it b((n /roibit(d to do soD t(y would a:(
committ(d a s(rious disob(di(nc( to Alla. Had t(y also not
(/lain(d tis matt(rD many /(o/l( would r(main ignorantD andit would a:( o/(n(d t( door to inno:ation in und(rstanding
al-Qadar. YTis is wat as a//(n(d todayD w(n w( s((
many )uslims wo blam( al-Qadar *or t(ir sin*ul li:(sD and at
t( sam( tim( som( r(ligious )uslims wo du( to t(ir
ignoranc( on t( issu( - d(clar( tat t(r( is no Qadar and tat
(:(ryting is d(cid(d by on(s actionsZ
O. Wat did t( Gro/(t m(an w(n ( saidD B..And i* al-
Qadar is m(ntion(d t(n oldC; At-Tabarani and Abu %a+((m
and al-Albani said it is aut(ntic 5s(( Sa(( al-
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aut(nticat(d by S(i al-Albani in Sa(( Sunan at-Tirmidi
no.148-8813
T( answ(r is tat t( Gro/(t /roibit(d dis/uting about
but not und(rstanding t( matt(r o* al-Qadar. H( did not want
)uslims to indulg( in discussions about al-Qadar witout
2nowl(dg( and /roo*s. Also discussions tat will l(ad to
dis/ut(s in tis matt(r ar( *orbidd(n.
Al-Qadar is *rom t( world o* t( uns((n. Wat is nown
about it *rom t( Quran and t( Sunna is to b( *ollow(d and
t( )uslims must submit to it. %o on( is allow(d to gi:( is
o/inion on tis issu(. SuMci(nt is wat is r(:(al(d to t(
Gro/(t. W( ar( /(rmitt(d to s(( 2nowl(dg( about al-QadarD
and tis is diP(r(nt *rom asing 7u(stions li( - Wy did Alla
guid( Am(d and not "7bal; $r wy rain *alls on t( sout(rn
/art o* t( land and not on t( (ast(rn /art; 9(rtainlyD t(
Wisdom o* Alla in al-Qadar cannot b( 7u(stion(d.
)ay AllaD t( most-)(rci*ulD t( all-2now(rD t( all-Abl(D t(
all-Wis( and t( all-
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r(c(i:(s distinguis(d *a:ors *or tis world and *or t(
(r(a*t(r. T( gr(at(st *a:or is Taw((d and worsi//ing o*
Alla alon( and dying on tis. Quantitati:(lyD ow(:(rD t(r(
may b( no com/arison b(tw((n wat som( b(li(:(rs a:( and
wat t( 2aar as. 9ont(nt is a distinguis(d mar in t(
(art o* t( b(li(:(r. T( Fa:ors o* Alla on t( b(li(:(rs ar(
bl(ss(d as long as t(y abid( by t( Qur+an and Sunna. T(
bl(ss(d *a:ors ar( not subO(ct to 7uantitati:( ass(ssm(nts. All
t( *a:ors tat t( 2aar r(c(i:(s ar( *or tis world only. T(
b(li(:(r is y(t to r(c(i:(D by Alla+s willD t( *a:or o* t( actual
s((ing o* Alla in t( H(r(a*t(r. "s t(r( anyting b(tt(r;
9(rtainlyD %o>
;8= "bn Qayyim in is booD BTar((7ul HiOratay(n Wa @abu as-Sa+adatay(nC- t( &oad to Alla And His )(ss(ng(r and t(
&oad to Ha//in(ss in tis li*( and in t( n(t on( 5H(r(a[(r6D
GG. 11-118D Gublis(d by #ar lbn QayyimD Ad-#ammam. G.$.
@o 1=0D 2SA