![Page 1: Agenda Briefly review Quiz Briefly review worksheet Current Event Intro to Enzymes and Penny-Picker Enzyme Catalysis Pre-Lab HW: Finish Pre-Lab (write](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032702/56649ccb5503460f94994574/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Agenda• Briefly review Quiz• Briefly review worksheet• Current Event• Intro to Enzymes and Penny-Picker• Enzyme Catalysis Pre-Lab
• HW: Finish Pre-Lab (write individual preliminary procedure)
• Gone Thursday? – must come Thursday morning to turn in your preliminary procedure and take exit slip
![Page 2: Agenda Briefly review Quiz Briefly review worksheet Current Event Intro to Enzymes and Penny-Picker Enzyme Catalysis Pre-Lab HW: Finish Pre-Lab (write](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032702/56649ccb5503460f94994574/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2.1.I
• 2 pts per question
• Atomic # is• # of protons• What determines the element• If neutral # of protons = # of electrons• NOT necessarily # of neutrons
• Atomic mass is P + N• Atomic Charge is P – e (neutral if P=e)
![Page 3: Agenda Briefly review Quiz Briefly review worksheet Current Event Intro to Enzymes and Penny-Picker Enzyme Catalysis Pre-Lab HW: Finish Pre-Lab (write](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032702/56649ccb5503460f94994574/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
2.1.II• 0.5 pts per part
• 19Protons = K = potassium
• Mass = protons + neutrons = 19 + 20 = 39• I didn’t take points off but 39.1 is NOT correct since this atom has
20 neutrons. 39.1 would be the average for all atoms
• 19P, 18e- = charge of 1+
• Explain any of the above for 0.5 or WHY K forms 1+ ion is fine
![Page 4: Agenda Briefly review Quiz Briefly review worksheet Current Event Intro to Enzymes and Penny-Picker Enzyme Catalysis Pre-Lab HW: Finish Pre-Lab (write](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032702/56649ccb5503460f94994574/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
2.1.III
• N wants 3 bonds and has 2 lone pairs• N is very electronegative
ee
ee
eee
ee
eee
e
![Page 5: Agenda Briefly review Quiz Briefly review worksheet Current Event Intro to Enzymes and Penny-Picker Enzyme Catalysis Pre-Lab HW: Finish Pre-Lab (write](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032702/56649ccb5503460f94994574/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
2.2.I
•Polar (unequal) covalent (sharing)
•Non-polar covalent = equal sharing due to equal electronegativity
• Ionic bonds form between ions• Ions can form when electrons are stripped
![Page 6: Agenda Briefly review Quiz Briefly review worksheet Current Event Intro to Enzymes and Penny-Picker Enzyme Catalysis Pre-Lab HW: Finish Pre-Lab (write](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032702/56649ccb5503460f94994574/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
2.2.II
δ- δ+
δ+
δ+
δ+
δ-
δ- δ+
δ+
δ+
δ+
δ-
![Page 7: Agenda Briefly review Quiz Briefly review worksheet Current Event Intro to Enzymes and Penny-Picker Enzyme Catalysis Pre-Lab HW: Finish Pre-Lab (write](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032702/56649ccb5503460f94994574/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
2.2.III
• Lots of partial charges All non-polar bonds• Lots of H-bonds No partial charges
No H-bonds
Hydrophilic Hydrophobic
δ-δ-
δ-δ- δ+
δ+δ-
δ+
δ+δ-
![Page 8: Agenda Briefly review Quiz Briefly review worksheet Current Event Intro to Enzymes and Penny-Picker Enzyme Catalysis Pre-Lab HW: Finish Pre-Lab (write](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032702/56649ccb5503460f94994574/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
What is Heat?
![Page 9: Agenda Briefly review Quiz Briefly review worksheet Current Event Intro to Enzymes and Penny-Picker Enzyme Catalysis Pre-Lab HW: Finish Pre-Lab (write](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032702/56649ccb5503460f94994574/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
ENZYMESProtein Catalysts
![Page 10: Agenda Briefly review Quiz Briefly review worksheet Current Event Intro to Enzymes and Penny-Picker Enzyme Catalysis Pre-Lab HW: Finish Pre-Lab (write](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032702/56649ccb5503460f94994574/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Enzymes Are Catalysts
•Not used up in the reaction
•Help chemical reactions occur
![Page 11: Agenda Briefly review Quiz Briefly review worksheet Current Event Intro to Enzymes and Penny-Picker Enzyme Catalysis Pre-Lab HW: Finish Pre-Lab (write](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032702/56649ccb5503460f94994574/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
In Chemical Equations
• Sucrose Maltose
• Sucrose + Amylase Maltose + Amylase
Amylase
![Page 12: Agenda Briefly review Quiz Briefly review worksheet Current Event Intro to Enzymes and Penny-Picker Enzyme Catalysis Pre-Lab HW: Finish Pre-Lab (write](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032702/56649ccb5503460f94994574/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Enzymes are Proteins
•Bonds with substrates (reactants) in active site
![Page 13: Agenda Briefly review Quiz Briefly review worksheet Current Event Intro to Enzymes and Penny-Picker Enzyme Catalysis Pre-Lab HW: Finish Pre-Lab (write](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032702/56649ccb5503460f94994574/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Enzymes Are Specific
•Have complementary structures allowing them to bond with only certain substrates
![Page 14: Agenda Briefly review Quiz Briefly review worksheet Current Event Intro to Enzymes and Penny-Picker Enzyme Catalysis Pre-Lab HW: Finish Pre-Lab (write](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032702/56649ccb5503460f94994574/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Realistic Diagram
![Page 15: Agenda Briefly review Quiz Briefly review worksheet Current Event Intro to Enzymes and Penny-Picker Enzyme Catalysis Pre-Lab HW: Finish Pre-Lab (write](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032702/56649ccb5503460f94994574/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Enzymes Help Break Bonds
![Page 16: Agenda Briefly review Quiz Briefly review worksheet Current Event Intro to Enzymes and Penny-Picker Enzyme Catalysis Pre-Lab HW: Finish Pre-Lab (write](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032702/56649ccb5503460f94994574/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
All Chemical Reactions Involve Breaking Bonds in Reactants
•Allows new bonds to form instead
![Page 17: Agenda Briefly review Quiz Briefly review worksheet Current Event Intro to Enzymes and Penny-Picker Enzyme Catalysis Pre-Lab HW: Finish Pre-Lab (write](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032702/56649ccb5503460f94994574/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Enzyme-Substrate Reactions
• Both are molecules just floating around in solution• When they happen to come in contact with each other, they can form temporary bonds
![Page 18: Agenda Briefly review Quiz Briefly review worksheet Current Event Intro to Enzymes and Penny-Picker Enzyme Catalysis Pre-Lab HW: Finish Pre-Lab (write](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032702/56649ccb5503460f94994574/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
The Penny-Picker Enzyme
• Function of Penny-Picker:• Pick up pennies and flip them over and move them to a
corner of the desk• No looking! Enzymes have no eyes!• The pennies represent a toxic byproduct of cellular
processes that must be converted to a safer form
• Active site: • Specific to ONE substrate. What’s the substrate?
• Pennies
• Only holds ONE penny at a time
![Page 19: Agenda Briefly review Quiz Briefly review worksheet Current Event Intro to Enzymes and Penny-Picker Enzyme Catalysis Pre-Lab HW: Finish Pre-Lab (write](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032702/56649ccb5503460f94994574/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Data Table• On your whiteboard make the following table:
After 10s After 20s After 30s After 40s
Trial 1
Trial 2
Trial 3
Trial 4
Trial 5
![Page 20: Agenda Briefly review Quiz Briefly review worksheet Current Event Intro to Enzymes and Penny-Picker Enzyme Catalysis Pre-Lab HW: Finish Pre-Lab (write](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032702/56649ccb5503460f94994574/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Procedure - Trial 1: Baseline• Spread out pennies on table HEADS side up
• Without looking grab pennies and flip them over, putting them in the corner of your table
• One person flips pennies for FOUR 10-second intervals without looking; one person times and counts
• Record data on your whiteboard.
• DO NOT REPLACE THE PENNIES BETWEEN TIME INTERVALS
![Page 21: Agenda Briefly review Quiz Briefly review worksheet Current Event Intro to Enzymes and Penny-Picker Enzyme Catalysis Pre-Lab HW: Finish Pre-Lab (write](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032702/56649ccb5503460f94994574/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Procedure - Trial 2: Denaturation• Spread out pennies on table HEADS side up
• Repeat procedure for flipping pennies in four 10-second intervals
• THIS TIME: • Hand used to flip pennies gets taped around all four fingers (partial
denaturation)
• Record data on white board
![Page 22: Agenda Briefly review Quiz Briefly review worksheet Current Event Intro to Enzymes and Penny-Picker Enzyme Catalysis Pre-Lab HW: Finish Pre-Lab (write](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032702/56649ccb5503460f94994574/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Procedure - Trial 3: Coenzyme• Spread out pennies on table HEADS side up
• Repeat procedure for flipping pennies in four 10-second intervals
• THIS TIME: • Enzyme has the help of a teammate, representing a coenzyme
• Coenzyme picks up pennies and hands them to enzyme for flipping
• Record data on whiteboard
![Page 23: Agenda Briefly review Quiz Briefly review worksheet Current Event Intro to Enzymes and Penny-Picker Enzyme Catalysis Pre-Lab HW: Finish Pre-Lab (write](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032702/56649ccb5503460f94994574/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Co-Enzymes
*No Need to take notes or memorize for quiz – this is just to exemplify importance of enzymes
![Page 24: Agenda Briefly review Quiz Briefly review worksheet Current Event Intro to Enzymes and Penny-Picker Enzyme Catalysis Pre-Lab HW: Finish Pre-Lab (write](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032702/56649ccb5503460f94994574/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Procedure - Trial 4: Competitive Inhibitors
• Spread out pennies on table with a mix of HEADS and TAILS up
• TAILS pennies represent competitive inhibitors. Molecules that have a similar shape and bind to the active site, but cannot be broken down.
• Repeat procedure for flipping pennies in four 10-second intervals
• THIS TIME:• If your partner picks up a HEADS penny they flip it and move it to the
corner and you count it
• If your partner picks up a TAILS penny you must stop them and tell them to put it back down
• Record data on whiteboard
![Page 25: Agenda Briefly review Quiz Briefly review worksheet Current Event Intro to Enzymes and Penny-Picker Enzyme Catalysis Pre-Lab HW: Finish Pre-Lab (write](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032702/56649ccb5503460f94994574/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Procedure – Trial 5: Non-Competitive Inhibition
• Spread the pennies out as before• Make your hand into a fist• Tape it closed
• This represents an inhibitor that binds to the enzyme and permanently alters its shape
• Try to pick up pennies for each of the 4 intervals
• Fail to pick up pennies and die
![Page 26: Agenda Briefly review Quiz Briefly review worksheet Current Event Intro to Enzymes and Penny-Picker Enzyme Catalysis Pre-Lab HW: Finish Pre-Lab (write](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032702/56649ccb5503460f94994574/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Non-Competitive Inhibitors and Venoms
![Page 27: Agenda Briefly review Quiz Briefly review worksheet Current Event Intro to Enzymes and Penny-Picker Enzyme Catalysis Pre-Lab HW: Finish Pre-Lab (write](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032702/56649ccb5503460f94994574/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Enzymes Lab
• Will be run next Monday• Today – Prelab, Individually write preliminary procedures (S.P. 0.1)
• Thursday – As a group write one final procedure
• Monday – Conduct experiment
• Goal: Examine how environmental factors affect the rate of an enzyme catalyzed reaction
![Page 28: Agenda Briefly review Quiz Briefly review worksheet Current Event Intro to Enzymes and Penny-Picker Enzyme Catalysis Pre-Lab HW: Finish Pre-Lab (write](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032702/56649ccb5503460f94994574/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Pre-Lab
• Discuss each question as a group (except last 2 to be done individually)
• Get approval from Mr. Mahon before proceeding to the next question
![Page 29: Agenda Briefly review Quiz Briefly review worksheet Current Event Intro to Enzymes and Penny-Picker Enzyme Catalysis Pre-Lab HW: Finish Pre-Lab (write](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022032702/56649ccb5503460f94994574/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Preliminary Procedure
• Will be evaluated for S.P. 0.1• Think about what makes a strong experiment as discussed in unit 1
• While you should all be designing an experiment to assess the same hypothesis – each person’s procedure should be individual
• Thursday you will take the best aspects of each person’s procedure to make your group procedure