Aerospace
GALILEO PRESENTATION
P.CAPIRCIO - CDS/D/CPS/SSS
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INTRODUCTION
•GALILEO : Europe’s own global navigation satellite system: 25 EU member-states 3 non-EU participants (Switzerland, Norway, Canada) + China, Israel (Ukraine & India expected soon)
•Highly accurate Dual frequencies as standard Down to meter range precision
•Guaranteed service 90% probability to have At least 4 satellites in sight Real time positioning under all but the most extreme circumstances is
expected users informed of satellite failures Suitable for safety critical application
•under civilian control Public-Private Partnership
•Inter-operable with GPS and GLONASS
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SPACE SEGMENT
•30 satellites (27 ops + 3 active spares)•23616 km above the Earth
MEO: Medium Earth Orbit
•14 hours Earth orbit•Inclination of orbital planes is 56°
Good coverage expected even at latitudes up to 75°N
•2 Atomic clocks onboard: 1 Rubidium 1 Passive Hydrogen Maser (PHM)
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OPERATIONAL ORGANIZATION
Galileo headquarters Administrative & market development Toulouse (France)
Overall Management leadership: Performance monitoring and operations security UK (Inmarsat)
2 Galileo Control Centres (GCC): Munich (Germany) Fucino (Italy)
Backup control centers & Galileo safety-critical application facilities Spain
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CONTROL SEGMENT
2 Galileo Control Centres (GCC) Use the data of the GSS Compute the integrity information Synchronize the time signal of satellites
20 Galileo Sensor Stations (GSS): Provide data to GCC Redundant communication network
15 Up-link stations 5 S-band 10 C-band Installed around the globe Exchange of data between GCC and satellites
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GALILEO SERVICES (1/3)•Open Service (OS) free of user charge Precision:
Mono-frequency precision: H: 15m; V= 35m Double-frequency precision: H= 4m; V=8m
No integrity signal provided
•Safety of Life Service (SoL) Double or Tri-frequencies OS Double-frequency performances Timely warnings about accuracy (integrity signal)
Precision: H=12m; V=20m Time To Alarm: 6 sec Contractual commitment
Dedicated receivers required
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GALILEO SERVICES (2/3)
•Public Regulated Service (PRS) Controlled access based on encrypted ranging codes and
data: Precision: H=6.5m; V=12m Time To Alarm: 10 sec (integrity signal)
Independent signal from other services
Dedicated to public safety and security organization: Police Fire department Customs agencies
Military use not approved by EU
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GALILEO SERVICES (3/3)•Commercial Service (CS) Chargeable to users Tri-frequencies Encrypted signals OS + Provides a limited broadcasting capacity for
messages from service centres to users (in the order of 500 bits per second) For integration into communication systems
•Search and Rescue Service (SAR) Transponder listening distress signals Signal distress amplification and frequency switch broadcast globally the alert messages received from
distress emitting beacons. Enhance performances of the international COSPAS-
SARSAT Search and Rescue system.
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RADIO FREQUENCIES ALLOCATION10 GALILEO SIGNALS
117
6.4
5 M
Hz
120
7.1
4 M
Hz
127
8.7
5 M
Hz
157
5.4
2 M
Hz
Carriers frequencies
(1) Code
+ Nav data
(3) Code
+ Nav data + integrity
+ SAR data broadcat
(2) Code only
(4) Code only
(7) Code only
(5) PRS Code
+ PRS data(6) Code
+ CS data
(8) PRS Code
+ PRS data
(9) Code
+ Nav data + integrity
+ SAR data broadcat
(10) Code only
154
4 M
Hz
SAR downlink
406
MH
z
SAR transponder
GPS L51176.43 Mhz
(Block IIF)
(2007)
GPS L21227.6 Mhz
GPS L11575.42 Mhz
GL
ON
AS
S L
115
98
to 1
607
Mh
z
GL
ON
AS
S L
3
(20
08
)11
98
to 1
208
Mh
z
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GALILEO PROGRAM1. Development and validation phase (2001-2008):
1. Consolidation of Mission Requirements
2. Development of satellites and ground based components
3. In orbit Validation (IOV) Phase 1 – GIOVE-A & GIOVE-B demonstrators Actual start in 2006 January
2. Deployment phase (2008-2010)1. In orbit Validation (IOV) Phase 2
4 first operational satellites
2. Construction & launch of the 26 remaining satellites
3. Installation of the complete ground segment
3. Commercial operational phase (from 2010)
1.1
Bil
lio
n E
uro
s:
ES
A/E
U f
ou
nd
ed
2 B
illi
on
s E
uro
s:
PP
P f
ou
nd
ed
Annual operating cost: 220 Millions Euros:
PPP founded
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GIOVE-A
2005 December 28th: GIOVE-A placed in orbit by Soyuz–Fregat rocket operated by Starsem From Baikonour Cosmodrome
2006 January 10th : End of Commissioning phase Deployment of solar array panels Uploading of computer software Placing satellite in sun acquisition mode Functional checks Put the satellite in Earth pointing attitude
Driven by: SSTL: Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd (UK / Guidford)
With ground stations deployed at: RAL (UK), Bangalore (India), Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia)
2006 January 12th: First GALILEO signals transmitted Analysed by
Chilbolton Observatory (UK) ESA Station (Belgium)
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GIOVE two years experimentation
GIOVE-A :
Built by SSTL (UK)
2 redundant Rubidium clocks (Temex Switzerland)
Signal generation units (Alcatel Alenia Italy & SSTL UK)
E2, L1, E1, E5 frequencies
Characterise the radiation environment
GIOVE-B :
Expected launch in spring 2006
Larger & more advanced
Built by Galileo Industry (Germany)
1 Rubidium + 1 PHM clocks