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Advanced RFIC Design ELEN359A, Lecture 4: Frequency TranslationInstructor: Dr. Allen A Sweet
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Types of Frequency Translation
• Multipliers: No LO signal required, but High power drive signal is required (I.e. high DC current), high conversion loss.
• Translators: Convert any frequency to any other frequency, either up or down. Low drive power (low DC current), conversion gain. Requires a stable LO signal (PLL).
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Types of Multipliers
• Differential to Single Ended Diode Doublers
• Full Differential Diode Doublers• Single Ended Diode Tripler's• Gilbert Cell Doublers• Gilbert Cell Tripler's
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Diode IV Characteristics
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Diode Curve Schematic Diagram
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VBIC Diode IV
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Single Ended Diode Doubler
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Half sine Waves are Rich in secondHarmonic
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ADS Model of a Single Ended Diode Doubler
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HB Controller and Sources for Diode Doubler
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ADS Simulations of a Single Ended Diode Doubler
Pout @ 2FIs 0 dBm
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Differential Diode Doubler
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ADS Model for a Full Differential Diode Doubler
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HB Controller and Sources for Differential Diode Doubler
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ADS Simulation of a Fully Differential Diode Doubler
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Pout @ 2F Is 0 dBm
(Requires a+20 dBm Drive signalWhich takes100 mA DC Current at 30% eff)
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Single Ended Diode Tripler
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ADS Model for a Single Ended Diode Tripler
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HB Controller and Sources for Diode Tripler
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ADS Simulation of a Single Ended Diode Tripler
(No naturalSuppression ofFundamental)
Symmetric Clipping of Wave form byBack to backdiodes
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Gilbert Cell Doubler
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ADS Schematic of a Gilbert Cell Doubler
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Source Configuration
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HB Controller Setup
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Gilbert Cell Doubler SimulationMany mixingProducts Contribute
(Use highOrder # in simulations)Copy Right 2004
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Simulated Gilbert Doubler by “Hard Wiring” RF and LO ports
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Simulation of “hard wired input” Gilbert Cell Doubler
(Add 3 dB to include LOSignal loss:gain=-4.287)
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Gilbert Cell Tripler
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Sources and HB Controller for Gilbert Cell Tripler
RF_freq=2 X LO_freq
(Use high order)
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Simulation of Gilbert Cell Tripler
Many mixer productsContribute to tripling
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Translators
• No harmonic relationships between the input and the output Frequencies.
• Up Converting Translators• Down Converting Translators• Requires a PLL LO Signal
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Gilbert Cell Down and up Converters
(i.e. +/-F2+/- F1)
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Translate Wi-Fi (B) Down to Wi-Fi (A) with a Gilbert Cell Mixer
(Use high side LO)
Flo=Frf + Fif=2.5 GHz + 5.5 GHz=8.0 GHz
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Sources
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Output BPF
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ADS Simulation of Down Converting Wi-Fi Translator
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Up Convert Cellular 850 MHz to PCS 1900 MHz
Flo=-Frf + Fif = .85 + 1.9 = 1.05
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Sources
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BPF at the Output
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ADS Simulations of Up Converting Frequency Translator
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Homework #4: Simulate a Wi-Fi Frequency Translator
• Design an Up Converting Frequency Translator from Wi-Fi A (2.4 GHz) to Wi-Fi B (5.8 GHz). The Translator shall have at least 25 dB gain, requiring either a pre or a post amplifier.
• All Spurs from 3.0 GHz to 7.0 GHz will be down by at least –40 dBc. You must design the filter.
• Make design decisions on the basis of lowest possible DC current.
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