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Advanced Hardwood Biofuels Northwest -Laying the foundation for a PNW biofuels
and bio based chemicals industry
Rick Gustafson, University of Washington
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Our visionSustainable System
Poplar biomass from tree farms and environmental services
Robust bioeconomy of biofuels and bioproducts
Vigorous Extension and Comprehensive Education
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Work we are doing
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A Path for Climate Change,Beyond ParisNY Times – 1 December 2015
“- wind is a good option for Iowa,solar power in Arizona or Australia.”
Tesla founder Elon Musk dismisses hydrogen fuel cells as “fool cells.” Amazon founder Jeff Bezos has just made a big bet on the technology.
Press coverage – where are biofuels??Elon Musk vs. Jeff Bezos: The debate over alternative fuels for your carSeattle Times – 9 April 2017
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Global warming potential for cellulosic ethanol
Cellulosic ethanol can be virtually carbon neutral
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Global warming potential for bio-jet fuel
And you can’t fly a 787 on electricity or hydrogen!!
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Growing trees can do a lotmore than sequester carbon
Municipal wastewater
Agricultural leachate
Bioenergy production and desalination
Improved water quality
Nutrient interception and reduced leaching
Effluent disposal
Salt accumulation in Central Valley
Storm water
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For example: cleaning up Chesapeake Bay
2010 Chesapeake Bay Agreement calls for 185 million lbs N limit – 65 million lbs reduction from current levels.
1,000,000 acres of perennial energy crops would reduce N loading by 24 million lbs Provide 3 to 5 million
tons of biomass feedstock
Sourced: Chesapeake Bay Foundation, IEA Bioenergy
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Economic challenge
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Jet Fuel
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Best sites in western WA and OR
Most sites have costs >$4.5/gal
Challenges in aggregating enough low cost poplar
Scale is an issue
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Monetizing ecosystem services Payments for Ecosystem Services• Monetization through the sale of water
quality/quantity credits, carbon credits and soil conservation
• Increasing demand for cost-effective water treatment
Methods• Assess ecosystem services generated by poplar
plantations, with a focus on water resources• Evaluate local/national/global ecosystem
service and water treatment markets Results• Calculate financial returns and input into
Arizona State University integrated geospatial economic models
• Report of financial return for feedstock production and environmental benefits
Effluent treatmentRiparian buffers
65%
25%
Water Quality/ThermalCredits (3%)Carbon Credits (7%)
Conservation Easementsand Sales (25%)Wetlands Mitigation/Biodiversity Banking (65%)
Payments for Ecosystem Service (PES)
Total in 2015 = $3.1 billion
Sources: Freshwater Trust; Conservation Easement Database; Forest Trends Ecosystem Marketplace
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What we can make happen
Centralia coal transition grants
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hardwoodbiofuels.org
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The AHB project is supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2011-68005-30407 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture