![Page 1: Adolescent Narcissism and the Double Edge of Risk and Adaptation](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56815b67550346895dc95a37/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Adolescent Narcissism and the Double Edge of Risk and Adaptation
Daniel K. Lapsley Michael Earley Ball State University O’Dea High School
Nathan M. DumfordMiami University
SRA 2006 San Francisco
![Page 2: Adolescent Narcissism and the Double Edge of Risk and Adaptation](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56815b67550346895dc95a37/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Narcissism has “two faces”
Narcissism as adaptation narcissism as defensive compensatory stance
that helps adolescents cope with sep-ind narcissism supports self-extension, ambition,
creativity, growth Narcissism as self-pathology or
personality disorder
![Page 3: Adolescent Narcissism and the Double Edge of Risk and Adaptation](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56815b67550346895dc95a37/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The study of adolescent narcissism requires new assessment strategies
Three studies chart development of a theoretically-derived
adolescent narcissism scale
![Page 4: Adolescent Narcissism and the Double Edge of Risk and Adaptation](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56815b67550346895dc95a37/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Theoretical Considerations
Adolescent narcissism emerges for good developmental reasons
to cope with self-vulnerabilities that attend separation-individuation
subjective omnipotence
![Page 5: Adolescent Narcissism and the Double Edge of Risk and Adaptation](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56815b67550346895dc95a37/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Narcissistic omnipotence…
…”denotes a defensive and reactive heightening of self-esteem to cope with inner feelings of low self-worth, depressive mood
and empty feelings”--Sarnoff (1987)
![Page 6: Adolescent Narcissism and the Double Edge of Risk and Adaptation](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56815b67550346895dc95a37/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Study 1
examined relationship between subjective omnipotence (personal fable)
andnarcissism (NPI)
risk behaviorinternalizing symptoms
positive adjustment
![Page 7: Adolescent Narcissism and the Double Edge of Risk and Adaptation](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56815b67550346895dc95a37/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Study 1 Participants
222 8th-graders (101 males, Mage = 13.39)
142 10th-graders (72 males, Mage = 15.43)
102 12th-graders (46 males, Mage = 17.45)
N = 467
![Page 8: Adolescent Narcissism and the Double Edge of Risk and Adaptation](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56815b67550346895dc95a37/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Study 1
Omnipotence (α = .79) NPI (α = .83) Internalizing Symptoms
Children’s Depression Inventory (α = = .86) CES-D suicidal ideation (α = .86)
Risk Behavior Rowe: “Delinquent” risk behavior (α = .92) Substance use (α = =.74)
Positive adjustment SIQYA: Mastery Coping (α = .76) SIQYA: Superior Adjustment (α = .70)
![Page 9: Adolescent Narcissism and the Double Edge of Risk and Adaptation](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56815b67550346895dc95a37/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Internalizing Symptoms Omnipotence NPIDepression -.53 -.28
Suicidal Ideation -.37 -.17Risk BehaviorRisk Behavior ns .23
Substance Use -.11 nsPositive Adjustment
Mastery Coping .55 .43Superior Adjustment .52 .45
Narcissism (NPI) .65 --
![Page 10: Adolescent Narcissism and the Double Edge of Risk and Adaptation](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56815b67550346895dc95a37/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Omnipotence
strongly associated with mastery coping and adjustment
counterindicates depression counterindicates suicidal ideation converges with NPI narcissism sex effect (favoring males)
![Page 11: Adolescent Narcissism and the Double Edge of Risk and Adaptation](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56815b67550346895dc95a37/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Study 2
standard scale development procedures yields 33 item scale
EFA 228 undergraduates
(73 males, Mage = 21.85) 3 factors retained
scree and parallel analysis criteria 40% of the variance
![Page 12: Adolescent Narcissism and the Double Edge of Risk and Adaptation](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56815b67550346895dc95a37/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Three Factors
Omnipotent Action/Control “Everybody knows that I am in charge” 12 items (α = .85)
Omnipotent Leadership “I would make a great leader because of my
abilities” 13 items (α = .83)
Omnipotent Influence “I influence how others behave” 7 items (α = .80)
![Page 13: Adolescent Narcissism and the Double Edge of Risk and Adaptation](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56815b67550346895dc95a37/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Other Measures
CES-Depression Adolescent Invulnerability Scale
Delinquent Risk Behavior
![Page 14: Adolescent Narcissism and the Double Edge of Risk and Adaptation](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56815b67550346895dc95a37/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Omnipotence NPI
Action Leadership Influence
Risk Behavior .16 .13 .31 .39
Depression ns -.21 ns -.19
Invulnerability .26 .14 .35 .35
NPI Narcissism .44 .57 .40 --
![Page 15: Adolescent Narcissism and the Double Edge of Risk and Adaptation](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56815b67550346895dc95a37/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Summary
Omnipotence scales converge with NPI-Narcissism
Omnipotence scales show differential relationship with risk behavior and depressive symptoms
![Page 16: Adolescent Narcissism and the Double Edge of Risk and Adaptation](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56815b67550346895dc95a37/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Study 3
Document convergent validity in younger sample (using NPI-C)
Distinguish adolescent narcissism from self-worth
Explore relationship between narcissism and separation-individuation
![Page 17: Adolescent Narcissism and the Double Edge of Risk and Adaptation](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56815b67550346895dc95a37/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Study Details N = 142 males (Mage) = 16 Instruments
Adolescent Omnipotence Scale Action (α = .83) Leadership (α = .80) Influence (α = .80)
Narcissistic Personality Inventory-C (α = .86) Self-Perception Profile (α’s = .53 to .85) Dysfunctional Separation-Individuation
Self Dysfunctional S-I (α = .68) Relational Dysfunctional S-I (α = .73)
Self-Image Questionnaire for Young Adolescents Mastery Coping (α = .76) Superior Adjustment (α = .79)
![Page 18: Adolescent Narcissism and the Double Edge of Risk and Adaptation](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56815b67550346895dc95a37/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Omnipotence ScalesLeadership Action Influence
NPI-C .64 .61 .51
Vanity .29 .32 .27
Authority .66 .60 .52
Exhibitionism .33 .23 .26
Superiority .39 .41 .23
Entitlement .18 .29 .24
Exploitativeness .41 .39 .41
Self-Sufficiency .53 .53 .39
![Page 19: Adolescent Narcissism and the Double Edge of Risk and Adaptation](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56815b67550346895dc95a37/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Omnipotence Scales
NPI-C Leadership Action Influence
Mastery Coping .19 .30 ns ns
Superior Adjustment
.26 .44 .29 .27
DysfunctionalSep-Ind
ns ns ns .20
Self Dysfunctional
Sep-Ind
-.31 -.19 ns ns
Relational Dysfunctional
Sep-Ind
ns ns .17 .29
![Page 20: Adolescent Narcissism and the Double Edge of Risk and Adaptation](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56815b67550346895dc95a37/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Omnipotence ScalesSelf-Worth NPI-C Leadership Action Influence
Romantic -.36 -.42 -.40 -.36
Social -.26 -.34 ns -.31
Athletic -.32 -.29 ns ns
Conscience/Moral
ns -.23 -.21 ns
Appearance -.20 ns ns ns
![Page 21: Adolescent Narcissism and the Double Edge of Risk and Adaptation](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56815b67550346895dc95a37/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Summary
Omnipotence converges with narcissism omnipotence scales associated with indices
of positive adjustment are related to dysfunctional sep-ind counterindicate self-worth in test of means:
younger Ss more feelings of subjective omnipotence than older Ss
![Page 22: Adolescent Narcissism and the Double Edge of Risk and Adaptation](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062501/56815b67550346895dc95a37/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
General Conclusions
theoretically-derived and reliable measure of adolescent narcissism factors converge with NPI and NPI-C predict adolescent risk behavior counterindicates internalizing affect positively associated with mastery coping and
adjustment which may be compensatory
association with dysfunctional sep-ind low scores on several dimensions of self-worth