Download - A positively ELECTRIC play about particles who learn to work together despite all their differences
A positively ELECTRIC play about particles who learn to work together despite
all their differences.
Narrator: Protons are positive – they have a positive charge, sunny outlook on life; protons are the nucleons that enjoy just sitting back and chillin’
Narrator: Neutrons are neutral (no charge) –these nucleons enjoy a little chilly time in the nucleus too … but, if something else interesting pops up, they make get up and move – in fact, they do!
Protons & Neutrons reside (post up; chillax) in the nucleus - they are sometimes called nucleons
(Nucleons: all hail the nucleons…we chill in the middle!!!!
The nucleus is where big boys are.)
Almost all of an atom’s mass is in its nucleus(Nucleons: all hail the nucleons…we’re massive
We stay close together – we snuggle….!)
Sooooooo…..what subatomic particles make up most of an atom’s mass???
Since protons and neutrons chillax in the nucleus AND they make up almost all of the atom’s mass…. We can calculate how many neutrons are in an
atom if we know the number of protons (or their nickname - atomic number) and the mass
M=A+NMass = at.# + N
(remember that protons = atomic #)
Watch Milli do it - now, show me you know it!In groups, work it out - be prepared teach your
classmates
8
O
Oxygen
16
So mass # = at. # + neutrons
M=A+N How many different types of elements
can we make out of our class?? PROVE IT! DO IT! SHOW ME YOU KNOW IT
Scene II
An element’s atomic # tells you how many protons it has (protons: my atomic number is like my nickname – its what my peeps call me)
A=Patomic # = # protons
If oxygen has an atomic number of 8, how many protons does it have?
Where do protons post up?
Now practice identifying atomic #s, protons (go ahead and do mass #s & names while you’re at it) Do the practice problems on 8.5A Protons Determine
Identity … in your notebook – come see me if you finish early
8
O
Oxygen
16
So… Atomic # = # protons
A=PQ: what would atoms be like if they were just
made of protons and neutrons?
Narrator: Well, all this happy go positive nucleus vibe needs to be balance out a bit…so some really, REALLY tiny, high-energy super-fast jellyfish particles are about to come flying onto the scene
(heads up electrons…)
Well, it turns out that atoms normally have an overall neutral charge – so to balance out all those positive protons, there has to be a negative electron for each positive proton What I’m saying is….
A=P=EEven though they are SO tiny it would take almost 2000 of them to equal the mass of 1 proton, their negative charge still balances out the proton’s positive charge
(electrons: super-fast jellyfish electrons get it done! We’re tiny and far out but we get it DONE SON!)
Earlier, I mentioned that Atomic # = # protons = # electrons
remember
A=P=E ????
And…. mass # = at. # + neutrons
remember M=A+NLook over your notes….
Wait….did she say APE MAN???
APE MAN??
Chemistry is so easy….an
can do it!!!!
A=P=E M=A+N
Turn to your neighbor and explain APE MAN chemistry to your neighbor then let your neighbor explain it to you
Write a summary in your notebook – something that will help you remember this!!!
Now practice applying what you know (8.5A,B Atomic Math Challenge)
Where do electrons THEY belong?
Do they make up any of the atomic mass??
So what are they good for????
According to current atomic theory, electrons reside in the electron cloud For our purposes, we can consider them to
be in orbitals or energy levels (remember Dr. Birdley’s atomic theory timeline cartoon – Bohr & Schrodinger models)
Narrator: the electron cloud is where all the action happens – chemical bonds take place because of electrons in their super-fast jellyfish electron cloud
Narrator: as it happens, not all electrons are exactly alike – some are a little more adventurous than others – introducing the valiant, adventurous valance electrons and their outstanding outer orbital powers ( you should probably write that down…valence & outer orbital)
Electrons – step up…who wants to be a valance electron – you guys will move around in the outer orbital or shell
Model ( as a group, model an atom of lithium (atomic # 3)
Valence electrons: chemical reactions???? That’s all about ME!!
Valence electrons determine an elements chemical properties, including reactivity What is reactivity??
Narrator: even though it seems like chaos, electrons somehow obey certain rules
Orbital schmorbital What is an orbital? Narrator: its like a shell, kind of like the
chocolate coating on a milky way bar or the egg shell around an egg…
Electron rules – filling orbitals Must fill inner orbitals first 1st orbital – 2 electrons All other orbitals – 8 electrons
Lets practice making some atom models – using your classmates
Do you see how this relates to our warm-up??
Now practice sorting electrons and those valiant, adventurous valance electrons into their outstanding outer orbitals
You will need a dry erase board, pen & wipey thingy
Electron rules Lets make a bohr model together
Fill inner orbitals first
Orbital 1 – 2 electrons All others - 8
2
He4.0
Helium
Electron rules Now you try making a bohr model
Fill inner orbitals first
Orbital 1 – 2 electrons All others – 8
4
Be9.0
Beryllium
Electron rules Now you try making a bohr model
Fill inner orbitals first
Orbital 1 – 2 electrons All others - 8
6
C12.0
Carbon
Electron rules Now you try making a bohr model
Fill inner orbitals first
Orbital 1 – 2 electrons All others - 8
10
Ne20.2Neon
Electron rules Now you try making a bohr model
Fill inner orbitals first
Orbital 1 – 2 electrons All others - 8
11
Na23
Sodium
Electron rules Now you try making a bohr model
Fill inner orbitals first
Orbital 1 – 2 electrons All others - 8
13
Al27
Aluminum
Electron rules Now you try making a bohr model
Fill inner orbitals first
Orbital 1 – 2 electrons All others - 8
17
Cl35.5
Chlorine
Electron rules Now you try making a bohr model
Fill inner orbitals first
Orbital 1 – 2 electrons All others - 8
18
Argon40
Argon
A special thanks to all those who made this production possible.I’d especially like to thank the little people, the ones who REALLY
make things shake - yes, valence electrons, I’m talking to YOU!Without you little guys, well..who knows?